Chapter IIIRESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the procedures used in conducting research. The discussion includes; research design, approach, research object, data collection and data analysis.3.1 Research Design

Research design is a plan for collecting and analyzing evidence that will make it possible for the investigator to answer whatever questions he or she has posed. The design of an investigation touches almost all aspects of the research, from the minute details of data collection to the selection of the techniques of data analysis (Flick, 2009: 128). According to Gray (2007:34) Research design is the overall process of using your imagination as well as the strategy and tactics of science to guide the collection and analysis of data. He says that basic choice in research is the distinction between quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data use numbers to describe what exists. Qualitative data rely on words, especially nouns and adjectives that convey what exist (Gray, 2007: 42).

The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research because the researcher described and explained the motivation that happened in film 3 Idiots, regarding to the motivation that got by Rancho, Farhan and Raju to reach the goals.3.2 Approach

In this research, it is important to know what approach the researcher used. It represents the researchs view towards the literary works. According to Eliot (in Kennedy: 1983), there are four approaches which are usually used in analyzing literary work: mimetic, pragmatic, expressive and objective.

1. Mimetic Approach views literary works as imitation, or reflection, or representation of the world or human life, and criterion applied to a work is the truth of its representation to the object matter that it represents or should be represented.2. Pragmatic Approach views the literary works as something which is constructed in order to achieve certain effect of the audience such as instruction, aesthetic, pleasure, emotion and it tends to judge the value of the work according to its success in achieving that aim.3. Expressive Approach views a work of literature that expresses the feelings of the person who wrote it. Therefore, to study it, the researcher has to learn more about the authors life.4. Objective Approach views a story, a poem, a play or novel to be an individual entity, existing on the page that can be read and understood in its own right, without a necessary studying the authors life or the age in which it is written or its possible effects on the reader.

The approach used by the researcher is objective approach, because the researcher does not study anything related to the authors life. The researcher only focuses on analyzing Ranchos, Farhans and Rajus motivation to reach the goals in Rajkumar Hirani film 3 Idiots.3.3 Research Instrument

The research instrument of this research is human instrument. According to Ary (2010:424) in qualitative studies, the human investigator is the primary instrument for the gathering and analyzing of data.

3.4 Research Object

The object of this research is the 3 Idiots movie. The researcher used this film is because the film can be a source of motivation and inspiration to the viewers and also makes us realize that how important the motivation and inspiration to get their future goals.

3.5 Data Collection1. Watching the film 3 Idiots.2. Identifying the dialogue and action of three main characters that contains of motivation from the film by capturing some screenshot. 3. Selecting the dialogue and action related with the motivation of three main characters.3.6 Data Analysis

After collecting the data, the last step is analyzing data in order to reach the appropriate result. The researcher has three steps. Those are;1. Reviewing the motivation of three main characters in each scene and dialogue that have been collected. The step is sorting the screenshot of dialogue and action for each character that contains of motivation. 2. Gathering and sorting the relevant screenshot dialogue and action of three main characters that contains of motivation with the kind of motivation.3. Drawing the conclusion.