chapter 8 leadership in management. why it’s important managers need to recognize leadership...

Chapter 8

Leadership in Management

Why it’s important

Managers need to recognize leadership qualities and leadership styles that motivate employees to be creative and productive.

Leadership Qualities

In management, leadership means providing direction and vision for a company

Being a manager is not the same thing as being a leader.

Managing is a job. Leading is a skill. Leaders have vision.


They see the big picture and never lose sight of their goal

They manage others by inspiring them rather then ordering them.

It’s possible to be a good manager but not a good leader.

Sometimes a good leader isn’t even the person in charge.


For example, Warren Sapp is a defensive lineman and not the quarterback

He is considered the teams leader because of his energy, experience, and commitment

To be both a good manager and a good leader takes several qualities

Motivation

Motivation means three different things Motivation means having initiative, or the

desire to take action and get things done. Someone with initiative doesn’t wait to be

told what to do but takes action In business, initiative is the main quality of an

entrepreneur.

Motivation

Good leaders often motivate by inspiring others with their energy, enthusiasm, and “charisma,” or charm.

Most importantly, Motivation means having a goal, whether it’s to create the best video game or to make the best skateboard ever.

Motivation

A true leader is motivated by a vision and inspires others with it

Martin Luther King Jr. delivered powerful speeches like “I have a Dream” which built a vivid picture with his language.

One year later Congress pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Confidence

To lead others you need to inspire their confidence.

Self confidence means more than acting sure of yourself

To lead you not only need a goal, but some idea of how to reach it

Confidence

The more others are convinced that you know what to do, the more confidence they’ll have in you

A confident leader is a decisive leader. People have more confidence in a leader

who is willing to make mistakes and learn from them.

Communication

A leader must be good at human relations, or the ability to communicate with people.

Even if you have a vision and the confidence to carry it out, you can’t lead others if you can’t communicate with them.

To motivate others, you need to be able to explain what your goals are to them.

Communication

Many leaders use gestures, draw pictures, or tell stories to communicate their ideas.

President Reagan relied a lot on body language and described scenes from movies to inspire people.

To communicate with people, a leader also needs to be a good listener.

Communication

By listening to people you can understand them better and get them more involved.

You need to listen to people to be informed about what they are doing, what their strengths and weaknesses are, and what they need to do a better job

When Bill Clinton ran for president the first time he traveled on a bus to towns to hold town meetings to find out what people wanted

Integrity

Integrity is the most highly valued quality in a leader. Integrity means holding to principles like honesty,

loyalty, and fairness. In order to lead you need to set a good example If you are willing to sacrifice the quality of the product

over making a bigger profit people are not going to have much faith in you

Integrity

You can’t expect your employees to have a good work habits if you show up late for work, leave early, and miss deadlines.

A leader who tries to cover up mistakes or blame them on employees is not going to inspire loyalty or confidence.

Integrity

President Truman had a sign on the back of his desk that said– “The Buck Stops Here”

This meant that he took fully responsibility for whatever happened, rather than “passing the buck” to someone else

Developing Leadership Skills

Some people say leaders are born and not made. The exact opposite is true

A person with charisma, like the star athlete or coolest kid in class, is often mistaken for a natural born leader.

Charisma however doesn’t make somebody a good leader


Presidents Truman and Nixon had little charisma but were effectives leaders.

Even the shiest person can become a leader You are not born with self-confidence, vision,

and the ability to communicate. These qualities are learned through

knowledge and experience


You can learn leadership skills in a number of ways: – There are many books, videos, and courses on

leadership. Some colleges even offer a degree in leadership. (Purdue’s OLS)

– Work with someone who has leadership ability and study what he or she does. (apprenticeship)


– Join a club, a team, a drama group, or a community organization to develop communication skills.

– Take the initiative at school, at work, or in club activities. Volunteer for projects or activities that give you an opportunity to lead

Styles of Leadership

Different leaders have different styles Some rule with strict discipline and watch

your ever move, and some are easy going and leave you alone to do your work.

Many leaders use more than one style depending on whom they are managing.

Styles of Leadership

There are three basic styles of leadership:– Autocratic– Democratic– Free rein

Autocratic Leadership

Autocratic means “self-ruling.” Autocratic leadership is when you like to

run everything yourself and answer to no one.

You make all the decisions without consulting anyone

When you give orders you expect them to be obeyed without question


Autocratic leaders assume people don’t like to work, that they avoid responsibility, and that they have to be watched all the time.

Autocratic leaders usually control their workers through fear and intimidation.

Henry Ford was a classic autocratic leader


He went so far as to hire secret police to spy on his managers to make sure they where doing what he told them

The biggest problem with autocratic leaders is that people don’t like to work for them.

These leader’s lack of trust in the employees dose not inspire them to be creative


They get people to work hard when they are around but once they leave workers are less productive.

If something happens to an autocratic leader there is usually no one in a position to take over the business

An autocratic leader is useful in situations where it’s important to obey orders without question.


Fire fighters, combat troops, and police often have to deal with emergencies where there’s no time to consult.

An autocratic style rarely works in a business setting.

Democratic Leadership

Democratic leadership means that managers and employees work together to make decisions.

Everyone meets, discusses a situation, and listens to everyone’s opinion.

New ideas are encouraged in this workplace environment

As a democratic leader you still make the final decision, but explain your reasons to everyone


A democratic leader assumes that people are not lazy and want to work.

By giving them more responsibility, workers will be more productive and creative.

If they don’t have someone looking over their shoulders all the time they will take initiative in their work


By showing your workers you have confidence in them, they are more likely to have confidence in you.

Henry Ford’s autocratic style almost ruined his company.

GM, on the other hand chose a more democratic style.

Alfred Sloan, chairman of GM, broke the company up into divisions and gave his managers the power to make decisions.

As a result GM started selling more car then Ford

Free-Rein Leadership

Free-rein leadership requires the leader to set goals for managers and employees and then leave them alone to get the job done.

This style shows the most trust and confidence in workers

Another name for this type of leadership style is hands-off leadership.


That does not mean you just put other people in charge and leave them alone

You have to deal with the big decisions and keep your managers informed.

You also have to be available to them if they have questions or if any problems occur.


Giving managers and employees the power to run things and make decisions is called delegating.

The reasons for a leader to delegate are:– You don’t have the time to run everything

yourself.– You can focus on more important work.


– It gets your employees more involved.– It gives your employees a chance to develop their

own potential.

There are reasons not to delegate You shouldn’t delegate if you’re doing it

because you’re lazy, don’t have confidence, or don’t want the responsibility– That is not leadership.


You also don’t want to delegate powers to managers who are irresponsible

Who you choose to delegate power to is a test of your leadership skill.

Hiring people who are experienced, reliable, and knowledgeable about the goals lead to success

Leadership in Teams

Only 20 or 30 years ago autocratic leadership was the main style used in American companies

As companies learned the value of giving workers more power they started using more democratic, free-rein style.

Today the trend is to go even further.

Leadership in Teams

Many companies have been putting workers on self-managed teams, or work groups that supervise themselves.

The role of the manager is being replace by the role of the team leader

Self Managed Teams

The use of self-managed teams started in Japan and came to the U.S. later

American companies had emphasized people working as individuals on separate jobs, and decisions where left up to the manager

Japanese companies had stressed people working in teams and making decisions as a group

Self Managed Teams

The Japanese method was such a success that American companies started copying them.

American companies also had to many managers running things

Every decision had to go through several managers before anything could get done.

It slowed things down and was costly.

Self Managed Teams

By letting teams manage themselves, companies are able to get rid of many managing jobs and replace them with a team leader.

In a self-managed team, the leader is a team player rather than a boss.

The leader doesn’t have to answer to upper management.

Self Managed Teams

A team leader makes a decisions with the team rather than alone

This person learns a range of jobs rather than just one.

The team usually works on a single project, like designing a video game.

This way the team is more goal-oriented than task-oriented.

The Organization of Self-Managed Teams

Self-managed teams are organized in two ways: – Each team member has a special skill, or– The team selects one team leader.

With each team member having a special skills you are able to cover a wider range

For ex: Dexter might be an expert in game theory while, Pablo is a whiz at computer graphics and Tim handles the marketing.


Self-managed teams get to work on their own, but everyone is expected to produce results

The second type of self-managed team appoints a team leader.

The team leader might be appointed by a top manager or selected by the team


As team leader, you motivate the team and get the team members to work together toward a shared goal.

A team leader isn’t always a manager as much as a team captain

The idea behind self-managed teams is that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts


Self-managed teams have many advantages:– They’re more goal-oriented than task-oriented.– They’re faster and more efficient.– Team members have a chance to learn each

other’s jobs and obtain new skills.– It simplifies the decision-making process.


– Team members learn to participate and cooperate with each other.

– Self-managed teams learn to solve their own problems.

chapter 8 leadership in management. why it’s important managers need to recognize leadership...

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