CHAPTER 6CHAPTER 6

THE DUEL FOR NORTH THE DUEL FOR NORTH AMERICAAMERICA

French Settlement in North AmericaFrench Settlement in North America

France came late to France came late to NA colonization NA colonization

Edict of Nantes Edict of Nantes Louis XIV: 1643-1715 Louis XIV: 1643-1715 Samuel de Champlain Samuel de Champlain France ruled Canada France ruled Canada

autocratically autocratically Reasons Canada Reasons Canada

grew slowlygrew slowly

French holdings: 1700

New France Fans OutNew France Fans Out

Beaver and other furs Beaver and other furs important resourceimportant resource

Fur-trappers ranged over Fur-trappers ranged over French TerritoryFrench Territory

Important interaction with Important interaction with Native AmericansNative Americans

Exploration of Voyageurs Exploration of Voyageurs Jesuit MissionariesJesuit Missionaries

Map 6.2: Fur-Trading PostsMap 6.2: Fur-Trading Posts

Other French ExplorersOther French Explorers

Antoine Cadillac founded Detroit Antoine Cadillac founded Detroit Robert de La Salle: interior basin Robert de La Salle: interior basin

“Louisiana”“Louisiana” Early 1700s establish a number of posts Early 1700s establish a number of posts

on the Mississippi river. on the Mississippi river. New OrleansNew Orleans founded in 1718. founded in 1718.

Significance of New Orleans?Significance of New Orleans?

Clash of EmpireClash of Empire

King Williams’ War 1689-1697King Williams’ War 1689-1697 (War of the (War of the league of Augsburg) league of Augsburg) British and allies against French and Spanish British and allies against French and Spanish

to try to check the power of Franceto try to check the power of France Queen Anne’s War 1702-1713Queen Anne’s War 1702-1713 (War of Spanish (War of Spanish

Succession)Succession) Fought when Louis XIV tries to put his Fought when Louis XIV tries to put his

Grandson on the throne of Spain Grandson on the throne of Spain

Treaty of Treaty of UtrechtUtrecht

England gets :England gets : Nova ScotiaNova Scotia NewfoundlandNewfoundland Hudson Bay areaHudson Bay area limited trading rights limited trading rights

in Spanish Americain Spanish America

Clash of EmpiresClash of Empires

King George’s War—1744-48 (War of King George’s War—1744-48 (War of Austrian Succession in Europe)Austrian Succession in Europe) France and Spain against British (in North France and Spain against British (in North

America) America) Cape Breton Island.Cape Breton Island. Brits give it back in the peace treaty. (1748) Brits give it back in the peace treaty. (1748) New Englanders outraged.New Englanders outraged.

Background to French and Indian Background to French and Indian WarWar

Ohio Valley dispute Ohio Valley dispute Va. Governor Dinwitty sends militia and Va. Governor Dinwitty sends militia and

George WashingtonGeorge Washington Fort NecessityFort Necessity GW forced to surrender after 10-hour GW forced to surrender after 10-hour

siege siege Unofficial start of the French and Indian Unofficial start of the French and Indian

War (Seven-Years War).War (Seven-Years War).

French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War

In Europe, England and In Europe, England and Prussia against France, Prussia against France, Spain, Austria and Russia Spain, Austria and Russia

In America, French and In America, French and their Indian allies against their Indian allies against British, colonists and their British, colonists and their Indian alliesIndian allies

Albany CongressAlbany Congress

7 of 13 Colonies send 7 of 13 Colonies send reps.reps.

Short-range purposeShort-range purpose Long-range purposeLong-range purpose Ben Franklin’s Ben Franklin’s

Albany Plan

French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War

Fort Duquesne Fort Duquesne Battle of the Battle of the

Wilderness 7/9/55 Wilderness 7/9/55 BraddockBraddock Brits pummeledBrits pummeled Washington a heroWashington a hero SignificanceSignificance

French and Indian WarFrench and Indian War

William Pitt new William Pitt new Prime MinisterPrime Minister ““Great Commoner” Great Commoner” His policies toward His policies toward

warwar

Louisburg Louisburg James Wolfe –James Wolfe –

QuebecQuebec

Treaty of Paris Treaty of Paris 1763:1763: Canada seceded to Canada seceded to

Brit. Brit. French forced to give French forced to give

Louisiana to Spain.Louisiana to Spain. Spanish give Florida Spanish give Florida

to the Brits.to the Brits. France completely France completely

out of N.A.out of N.A.

Affects of WarAffects of War

20,000 Americans fight in the war. 20,000 Americans fight in the war. Colonies emerge with renewed confidence Colonies emerge with renewed confidence

in their military abilities. in their military abilities. Myth of invincible Brit. troops shattered. Myth of invincible Brit. troops shattered. Brits have contempt for colonial militias.Brits have contempt for colonial militias. Some colonists had not supported the war. Some colonists had not supported the war. Greater Colonial UnityGreater Colonial Unity

Impact of War on ColonistsImpact of War on Colonists

New sense of Freedom-French GoneNew sense of Freedom-French Gone Feel less dependent on BritsFeel less dependent on Brits Want to spread into Ohio ValleyWant to spread into Ohio Valley Indian threat reducedIndian threat reduced Pontiac’s RebellionPontiac’s Rebellion

SignificanceSignificance

Proclamation of Proclamation of 17631763

What did it do?What did it do? What was Britain’s What was Britain’s

objective objective How did the colonists How did the colonists

react to it?react to it?

End of ChapterEnd of Chapter