Chapter 4Chapter 4

Body Composition

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Student Learning OutcomesStudent Learning Outcomes

Define body composition & understand its relationship to healthy body weight.

Identify the differences between essential & storage fat.

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Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes

Explain various techniques used to assess body composition.

Be able to determine recommended weight, and understand the importance of waist-to-hip ratio & BMI.

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Body CompositionBody Composition

Two components

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Essential & Storage FatEssential & Storage Fat

Essential fat

Storage fat

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Essential FatEssential Fat

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Storage FatStorage Fat

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Fat serves 3 basic functionsFat serves 3 basic functions

1.

2.

3.

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IntroductionIntroduction

Assessment of body composition

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Overweight & ObesityOverweight & Obesity

An adult who has a BMI between 25 & 29.9

An adult who has a BMI of 30 or higher is considered obese

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OverweightOverweight

The CDC defines overweight as

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ObesityObesity

According to the CDC, obesity is defined

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Morbid ObesityMorbid Obesity

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OverweightOverweight//ObesityObesity//Morbid ObesityMorbid Obesity

10%More than 100 poundsBMI>30>50% of weightBMI 25 – 29.9>30%

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Typical Body Composition of an Typical Body Composition of an Adult Man and WomanAdult Man and Woman

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body Composition Composition Dual Energy X-

Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)– Low-dose x-ray

beams– Measurements – SEE is ± 1.8%

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body CompositionCompositionAir

displacement– Person sits

inside chamber

– Body volume is determined

– SEE is ± 2.2%

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body CompositionComposition

Hydrostatic Weighing– For decades has

been the most precise technique used.

– A person’s “regular” weight is compared with weight taken underwater.

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body CompositionComposition

Hydrostatic weighing– “Regular”

weight vs. underwater weight

Fat buoyancy

– SEE is ± 2.5%– Drawbacks

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body CompositionComposition

Skinfold thickness– Subcutaneous fat– SEE is ± 3.5%– Use pressure

calipers– Measure 3 to 7

sitesRight side of

body

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Skinfold ThicknessSkinfold Thickness

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body CompositionCompositionGirth measurements

– Limited equipment necessary– SEE is ± 4%– Three measurements for women

Upper arm, hip, and wrist

– Two measurements for menWaist and wrist

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Bioelectrical ImpedanceBioelectrical Impedance

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Techniques to Assess Body Techniques to Assess Body CompositionComposition

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Disease Risk According to Body Disease Risk According to Body Mass Index (BMI)Mass Index (BMI)

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Mortality Risk Versus Body Mass Mortality Risk Versus Body Mass Index (BMI)Index (BMI)

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Disease Risk According to Disease Risk According to Waist CircumferenceWaist Circumference

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Starting at age 25Starting at age 25

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Is it all about weight?Is it all about weight?

What other factors should you consider?

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1. Accumulate how many minutes/steps of exercise?

2. Exercise at what type of pace?3. What type of training is recommended 2-

3 times per week?4. Use moderation when it comes to…5. Regularly monitor your…6. Do not allow drastic increases in…

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Body weight

Brisk/ fast

Muscular strength

Daily diet

10, 000 steps or 60 min.BP/HDL/LDP &

% body fat

Assess your knowledgeAssess your knowledge

1. Essential fat in women is?2. How many sites are used to

assess body composition?3. An acceptable BMI is

between?4. When a previously inactive

person starts an exercise program, the person may…

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11-14% 27/31%

3 - 7 19 -24

Gain Weight 12-17%

Die

General Body Fat % CategoriesGeneral Body Fat % Categories

1. Essential fat for men?2. Men Athletes?3. Fitness Category for men and

women?4. Acceptable category for men

and women?5. Obesity for men?

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2-4%6-13%

14-17% & 21-24% 18-25% & 22-28%

Plus 25%

Answer questions from chapter 4Answer questions from chapter 4

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