chapter 2 square square roots cubes & cubes roots

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Module PMR CHAPTER 2 SQUARES,SQUARE ROOTS.CUBES AND CUBE ROOTS A. SQUARES - a number multiply by itself - a 2 = a × a - examples : a). 2 2 = 2 × 2 = 4 b). ( - 4 ) 2 = ( -4 ) × ( -4 ) = 16 c). ( 2 = ( ) × ( ) = d). ( 0.3 ) 2 = 0.3 × 0.3 = 0.09 - the square of any number is greater than zero and is always positive. B. SQUARE ROOTS - the square roots of any number is the number when multiplied by itself, equals to the given number. (inverse operation of squaring that number) - If = a 2 , then - examples : a). b). c). - some fractions are required to reduce to the lowest terms in order to find the square roots. - examples: a). Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 10

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Page 1: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

CHAPTER 2 SQUARES,SQUARE ROOTS.CUBES AND CUBE ROOTS

A. SQUARES

- a number multiply by itself- a2 = a × a- examples :

a). 22 = 2 × 2 = 4

b). ( - 4 )2 = ( -4 ) × ( -4 ) = 16

c). ( 2 = ( ) × ( ) =

d). ( 0.3 )2 = 0.3 × 0.3 = 0.09

- the square of any number is greater than zero and is always positive.

B. SQUARE ROOTS

- the square roots of any number is the number when multiplied by itself, equals to the given number.(inverse operation of squaring that number)

- If = a2, then - examples :

a).

b).

c).

- some fractions are required to reduce to the lowest terms in order to find the square roots.

- examples:

a).

- to find the square roots of a mixed number, change the mixed number into an improper fraction.

- example :

a).

- The square root of negative numbers do not exist

SQUARES SQUARE ROOTS

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 10

Page 2: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

12 = 1 = 1

22 = 4 = 2

32 = 9 = 3

42 = 16 = 4

52 = 25 = 5

62 = 36 = 6

72 = 49 = 7

82 = 64 = 8

92 = 81 = 9

102 = 100 = 10

112 = 121 = 11

122 = 144 = 12

132 = 169 = 13

142 = 196 = 14

152 = 225 = 15

162 = 256 = 16

172 = 289 = 17

182 = 324 = 18

192 = 361 = 19

202 = 400 = 20

C. CUBES

- a number multiply by itself twice- a3 = a x a x a - examples :

a). 33 = 3 x 3 x 3 = 27

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 11

Page 3: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

b). ( )3 =

c). ( 0.2 )3 = 0.2 x 0.2 x 0.2 = 0.008

d). ( - 5 )3 = ( - 5 ) x ( - 5 ) x ( - 5 ) = - 125

- The cube of a positive number is positive- The cube of a negative number is negative.

D. CUBE ROOTS

- a number when multiply by itself twice, equal to the given number.-- examples :

a).

b).

c).

d).

- The cube root of a positive number is positive, the cube root of a negative number is negative.

CUBES CUBE ROOTS

13 = 1 = 1

23 = 8 = 2

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 12

Page 4: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

33 = 27 = 3

43 = 64 = 4

53 = 125 = 5

63 = 216 = 6

73 = 343 = 7

83 = 512 = 8

93 = 729 = 9

103 = 1000 = 10

QUESTIONS :

A. Find the value of the following.

1). 32 = 2). 62 =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 13

Page 5: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

3). 82 = 4). 92 =

5). 112 = 6). 122 =

7). ( - 2 )2 = 8). ( - 4 )2 =

9). ( - 5 )2 = 10). ( - 7 )2 =

11). ( - 9 )2 = 12). ( - 10 )2 =

13). = 14). 2

5

2

=

15). = 16). =

17). = 18). =

19). = 20). =

21). ( 0.4 )2 = 22). ( 1.2 )2 =

23). ( - 0.3 )2 = 24). ( - 0.05 )2 =

B. Find the value of the following.

1). = 2). =

3). = 4). =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 14

Page 6: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

5). = 6). =

7). = 8). =

9). = 10). =

11). = 12). =

13). = 14). =

15). = 16). =

17). = 18). =

19. = 20. =

21. = 22. =

C. Find the values of the following:

1). 23 = 2). 43 =

3). 73 = 4). ( - 5 )3 =

5). ( - 3 )3 = 6). 103 =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 15

Page 7: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

7). = 8). =

9). = 10). =

11). = 12). =

13). ( 0.1 )3 = 14). ( 0.6 )3 =

15). ( - 0.2 )3 = 16). ( - 0.03 )3 =

17). ( 1.2 )3 = 18). ( - 0.4 )3 =

D. Find the value of the following.

1). = 2). =

3). = 4). =

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 16

Page 8: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

5). = 6). =

7). =8). =

9). = 10). =

11). = 12). =

13). = 14). =

15). = 16). =

Common Errors.

Questions Errors Correct Steps

1. a). Find the value 0f .

b).Calculate the value of

a). (-5) x (-5) x (-5) or 5 P 0

b).

a). – 5 1m

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 17

Page 9: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

2 . = K 0

=

= N 0

b).

= 1m

=

= 1m

2. a). Find the value of .

b).Calculate the value of

.

a). 0.006 P 0

b).

=

= K 0

= N 0

a). 0.6 1m

b).

= 3

4

4

4

5

= 1m

= 1m

3. a). Find the value of

.

b). Calculate the value of

a).

or

P 0

b). 8 x K 0

=

a). 1m

b).

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 18

Page 10: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

=

N 0

= 1m

= – 6 1m

Questions based on PMR format

1. a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

2. a). Find the value of .b). Calculate the value of 16 – .

3. a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 19

Page 11: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

4. a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

5. a). Find the value of .b). Calculate the value of 15 – .

6. a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 20

Page 12: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

7. a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

8. a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

9. a). Find the value of (- 0.4)2 .b). Calculate the value of .

10.a). Find the value of .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 21

Page 13: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

b). Calculate the value of 52 x .

11.a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of 102 – .

12.a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of .

PMR Past Years Questions

2004

a). Find the value of .Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 22

Page 14: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

b). Calculate the value of 42 x . ( 3 marks )

2005

a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of . ( 3 marks )

2006

a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of ( 3 marks )

2007

a). Find the value of .

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 23

Page 15: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

b). Calculate the value of . ( 3 marks )

2008

a). Find the value of .

b). Calculate the value of . ( 3 marks )

CHAPTER 2 : SQUARES ROOTS,CUBES,&CUBE ROOTSANSWERS

A.

1). 9 2). 36

3). 64 4). 81

5). 121 6). 144

7). 4 8). 16

9). 25 10). 49

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 24

Page 16: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

11). 81 12). 100

13). 14).

15). 16). =

17). 18). =

19). 20).

21). 0.16 22). 1.44

23). 0.09 24). 0.0025

B.

1). 2 2). 5

3). 8 4). 9

5). 10 6). 12

7). 15 8). 14

9). 10).

11). 12).

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 25

Page 17: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

13). 14).

15). 16).

17). 18).

19). 0.8 20). 0.05

21). 1.1 22). 1.5

C.

1). 8 2). 64

3). 343 4). – 125

5). – 27 6). 1000

7). 8).

9). 10).

11). 12).

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 26

Page 18: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

13). 0.001 14). 0.216

15). – 0.008 16). – 0.00027

17). 1.728 18). – 0.064

D.

1). 2 2). 3

3). 6 4). – 5

5). – 8 6). 7

7). – 108).

9). 10).

11). = 2 12).

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 27

Page 19: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

13). 0.7 14). 0.5

15). – 0.4 16). – 0.5

No. Marking Scheme Marks1.

a).

b). ( - 2 )3

- 8

1

1

1 = 3

2.a). 0.2

b). 16 + 3

19

1

1

1 = 3

3. a). – 0.6

b).

1

1

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 28

Page 20: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

1 = 3

4.a). 0.9

b). ( 1.5 )2

2.25

1

1

1 = 3

5. a). 7

b). 15 + 4

19

1

1

1 = 3

6. a).

b).

1

1

1 = 3

7.

a).

b).

15

1

1

1 = 3

8.a).

b). 152

225

1

1

1 = 3

9.a). 0.16

b). ( 1.1)2

1.21

1

1

1 = 3

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 29

Page 21: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

10. a).

b).

- 30

1

1

1 = 3

11. a).

b). 100 + 10

110

1

1

1 = 3

12.a). 0.6

b). ( 1.2 )2

1.44

1

1

1 = 3

2004a). 0.8

b).

- 24

1

1

1 = 3

2005a).

b). ( 1.4)2

1.96

1

1

1 = 3

2006a). 0.7

b).

1

1

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 30

Page 22: Chapter 2 Square Square Roots Cubes & Cubes Roots

Module PMR

1 = 3

2007a). – 4

b). ( 3 )3

27

1

1

1 = 3

2008a).

b). 72

49

1

1

1 = 3

Squares, Square Roots,Cubes & Cube Roots 31