Chapter 16Atlantic South America

6th Grade Social Studies

Hodnicki

Maps of South America

Political Physical

Section 1: Physical Geography

Amazon River / Basin Brazilian Highlands Brazilian Plateau Gran Chaco Patagonia Andes Parana River Paraguay River Rio de la Plata Tierra del Fuego

South America Map

Section 1 Objectives

Identify the landforms and rivers found in Atlantic South America.

Describe the region’s climates, vegetation, and wildlife.

Name some of the region’s important resources.

Section 1: Vocabulary

Pampas - A wide, grassy plains region in central Argentina

Estuary - A partially enclosed body of water where salty seawater and freshwater mix

Soil exhaustion - The loss of soil nutrients needed by plants

Questions

What are the region’s major landforms and rivers?

What are the climates of the region? How have humans modified the region’s

environment?

4:37

SECTION 1

Physical Geography

Question:What are some of the important natural resources of Atlantic South America?

SECTION 1

Physical Geography

Resources of Atlantic South AmericaResources of Atlantic South America

rain forest—for food, wood, rubber, medicinal plants; gold, other minerals

oil

hydroelectric power; minerals

Area of Atlantic South America Resource

oil, natural gas

hydroelectric power

Amazon River basin

Brazilian Highlands

Brazilian Plateau

Patagonia

Gran Chaco

Pampas oil, natural gas, minerals

Main Ideas

What major landforms lie between the Amazon River basin and Patagonia?

The Brazilian Highlands, the Pampas, and Gran Chaco are the major landforms that lie between the Amazon River and Patagonia.

Main Idea

What sets the Amazon River apart from all of the world’s other rivers?

The Amazon River drains the largest area and carries more water than any other river in the world.

Main Idea

Why is the Patagonia desert dry?

The Patagonia is dry because the Andes prevent the Pacific Ocean’s rain-bearing storms from reaching the area.

Tropical Rainforests:Where Are Rainforests Located?

Tropical rainforests are located near the equator

One third of the world's tropical rainforests are in Brazil.

What makes the Tropical Rainforest special?

Forest People Causes of Destruction Worksheet Video and Quiz to follow

27:00

Rainforest

Section 2: Brazil

Section 2 Objectives

Describe the history of Brazil. Identify the important characteristics of

Brazil’s people and culture. Describe what Brazil’s four major regions

are like today.

Brazil

VocabularyFavelas – huge slums that surround some

Brazilian cities

Questions

How have different people influenced Brazilian history?

How has cultural borrowing affected Brazilian culture?

What are Brazils four main regions?

4:51

SECTION 2

Brazil

Question:What are some important characteristics of Brazil’s various regions?

SECTION 2

Brazil

The Amazon

The Interior

The Northeast

The Southeast

dense rain forest; isolated Brazilian Indian villages; Manaus—major city; Belém—Atlantic port; large mining district; tensions among Brazilian Indians, settlers, miners

savannas and dry woodlands, could become

agricultural area, Brasília, the

national capital

old colonial cities like Salvador,

suffers from drought, poorest region,

favelas

coffee-growing area, Rio de Janeiro, richest region, most people,

São Paulo

BrazilBrazil

Main Ideas

From what major immigrant groups are many Brazilians descended?

Many Brazilians are descended from Africans, Portuguese, Spaniards, Germans, and Italians, and Poles.

Main Idea

What is Brazil’s poorest region? What is its richest and most populated region?

Brazil’s poorest region is the northeast and its richest and most populated is the southeast.

Google Earth

BrazilBrasiliaManaurs

ArgentinaCordobaCosquin

20:21

Brazil

Section 3: Argentina

Section 3 Objectives

Describe the history of Argentina. Identify the important characteristics of

Argentina’s people and culture. Describe what Argentina is like today.

Section 3: Argentina Vocabulary:

Encomienda - A system in which Spanish monarchs gave land to Spanish colonists in the Americas; landowners could force Indians living there to work the land

Gauchos - Argentine cowboysMercosur - A trade organization that includes

Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and two associate members (Bolivia and Chile)

Questions

How was Argentina’s government organized during much of the 1900s?

Why are so many languages spoken in Argentina?

What is Argentina like today?

3:54

SECTION 3

Argentina

Question:What is the ethnic makeup of Argentina’s population?

SECTION 3

Argentina

Ethnic makeup of ArgentinaEthnic makeup of Argentina

Descendants of Spanish, Italian, or other European settlers97%

Argentine Indians and mestizos

3%

Main Ideas

What happened to Argentine Indians in the Pampas in the 1800s? How did that affect Argentine society?

Argentine Indians were killed in wars with the Argentine government. There are few Indians today.

Main Idea

Where is much of Argentina’s industry located? Why?

Most of Argentina’s industry is located in the Buenos Aires area because of its beneficial position in the country.

2:49

Argentina

Buenos Aires

Locate Buenos Aires

Where is Buenos Aires located?

What would you expect to find in Buenos Aires? (notebook)

Lets go to Buenos Aires (Google Earth)

Section 4: Uruguay and Paraguay

Section 4 Objectives

Describe what the people and economy of Uruguay are like today.

Describe what the people and economy of Paraguay are like today.

Section 4: Uruguay and Paraguay

VocabularyLandlocked - Completely surrounded by land,

with no direct access to the ocean

Questions

What geographic factors support agriculture in Uruguay?

How is Paraguay’s economy organized?

4:00

20:03

Paraguay and Uraguay

SECTION 4Uruguay and Paraguay

Question:In what ways do the people and economies of Paraguay and Uruguay differ?

SECTION 4Uruguay and Paraguay

The People and Economy of Paraguay and UruguayThe People and Economy of Paraguay and Uruguay

Uruguay

People

Economy

Paraguay

People

Economy

88% European; most Roman Catholic; Spanish, Portuguese (lang.) ; 90% urban; high literacy rate

led by Brazil and Argentina; agriculture, livestock; hydroelectric power

95% mestizo; Spanish (lang.), Guaraní, most Roman Catholic

controlled by few families and companies; surplus hydroelectricity; agriculture; not much industry

Main Ideas

When and from what country did Uruguay win independence? What about Paraguay?

Uruguay gained independence from Spain in 1825 and Paraguay from Spain in 1811.

Main Idea

Where is Paraguay’s most productive agricultural land?

Paraguay’s most productive land is located east of the Paraguay River.

Main Idea

How has Paraguay used the natural resources for economic development?

Paraguay has erected hydroelectric projects on the Parana River to create more power, surplus power is sold to Brazil and Argentina.

South America Today (20:00)

Chapter Wrap-Up

1. Which country in Atlantic South America was a Portuguese colony? What colonial power controlled the other countries before they became independent?

2. What major river systems drain much of northern and central Atlantic South America? What economic roles do they play?

3. Which is the richest region in Brazil? Which is the poorest?

4. What and where is the Rio de la Plata?5. What is the most important agricultural area in

Argentina?

1. Which country in Atlantic South America was a Portuguese colony? What colonial power controlled the other countries before they became independent?

2. What major river systems drain much of northern and central Atlantic South America? What economic roles do they play?

3. Which is the richest region in Brazil? Which is the poorest?

4. What and where is the Rio de la Plata?5. What is the most important agricultural area in

Argentina?

CHAPTER 16

Review

Jeopardy Game

Credits

All information and activities borrowed from Holt, Rinehart, and Winston; People, Places, and Change