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Chapter 13.2 The Rise of the City-States

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Anticipatory Set When I was little, I always used to play pretend. In my pretend world I always was the ruler of a huge empire or city. I would do anything to make my citizens happy and the world would be bliss City-states arose in Greece where the thoughts of the people became important

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Standards H-SS 6.4.1 Discuss the connections between geography and the development of city-states in the region of the Aegean Sea, including patterns of trade and commerce among the Greek city-states and within the wider Mediterranean region. E-LA Reading 6.1.3 Recognize the origins and meanings of frequently used foreign words in English and use these words accurately in speaking and writing.

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Language of the Discipline Monarchy Agamemnon Homer Politics Acropolis Aristocrat

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Early History of Greece (Input) Greek speaking people began to migrate into the Greek Peninsula from the north Over time small kingdoms began to arise cross Greece The most important of the new kingdoms was Mycenae on the Peloponnesian Peninsula. It was the first civilization in mainland Greece

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The Mycenaean's (Input) In 1600 B.C. the Mycenaean civilization developed and were ruled by monarchies, or governments headed by a king or queen. They left written records and preserved many. One of the leaders was Agamemnon, a great Mycenaean king. The people lived mainly by trade Fine bronze weapons Painted pottery

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Agamemnon (Input)

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The Mycenaeans (Input) Goods were traded for Copper Ivory Luxury goods They also raided other lands for gold and other goods Kingdoms eventually grew weak and Dorian invaders destroyed much of the Mycenaean cities

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The Dark Age (Input) The Dorians also spoke Greek but their culture was less advanced Under the Dorians the Greek went into the Dark Age and the Greeks were left without a strong government Not all Mycenaean culture was lost, but some of them fled to the shore of the Aegean Sea in a place called Ionia The effect of migration turned the Aegean Sea in to a transportation system

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The Trojan War The Greeks at Ionia preserved stories about the Mycenaeans The most famous legends were about the Trojan War The war began with a prince named Paris from the Ionian city of Troy Paris kidnapped a beautiful queen from Sparta known as Helen of Troy This angered the Greeks and Agamemnon led a 10 year war against Troy Legends of this war were kept alive by Homer, a blind poet. He traveled from town to town, singing ancient stories that were written down in the Iliad and the Odyssey.

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Tales of Troy (Input) Homers Iliad tells the story of Achilles. A Greek hero who was almost destroyed the Greek cause when he was treated unfairly and refused to to fight. Other poets tell about the Trojan horse A huge wooden horse built by the Greeks to trick the Trojans The Greeks pretended to sail away from Troy leaving the horse behind as a gift. The Greek soldiers were hiding in the horse while Troy slept They crept out, opened the city gates, and destroyed Troy The Odyssey describes the adventures of Odysseus on his journey after the war.

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The Trojan War (Input)

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The Impact of Homer (Input) The Iliad and the Odyssey has a huge impact on Greek culture The values of the stories became a part of Greek identity Greek values include Courage Honor Family Loyalty Cleverness Ambition Bravery Strength

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The Greek City-States (Input) When Homers poems were written down, Greece came out of the Dark Age New city-states were emerging and kings were lost after people migrated to Ionia. Independent cities began to be run by ordinary citizens The Greek city-state was called polis (derives from politics) Politics is the art of practice of government It is based of off the Greek notion that the people who live in a place can work together and make decisions on key issues that affect them This made Greek society unique

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The Greek City-States (Input)

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Features of the Polis (Input) The polis consisted of a main city and its surrounding villages and countryside The area and population of polis was definitely small which helped made group decisions possible The Polis was built on two levels On the high hill stood the acropolis, or upper part of the city Public buildings and marble temples were located here People gathered to discuss Public affair Protection during attack

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Features of the Polis (Input) The government was based on a code of laws from the community Not everyone participated in making laws but women, slaves, and foreigners, were all excluded from decision making. Wealthy aristocrats held the most power At first the ruler of a polis was a king but power began to move to the aristocrats Aristocracy means rule by the best people Aristocrats who ran the city-states were mostly upper class, wealthy landowners.

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Power in the Polis (Input) The pride and loyalty that citizens felt toward their city Greek identity reflected the values of honor and manhood The Greek believed that a good man should be willing to sacrifice for his city, defend its interest, and die for polis if necessary. Greeks identified themselves with their city. The polis was the framework of Greek life

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Check for Understanding Please determine the BEST answer for the following question. Please write your answer on your white boards and wait for the teachers signal. On the teachers signal, hold up your white boards.

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Checking for Understanding #1 What type of government did the Mycenaean's kingdoms rule by? Monarchies

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Checking for Understanding #2 What is the name of the famous war the Ionians preserved as a legend? The Trojan War

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Checking for Understanding #3 What was different in a polis than a monarchy? The citizens came together and made decisions

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Guided Practice/Independent Practice Guided Practice Complete questions 1 - 3 on the reading comprehension worksheet. Raise your hand and wait to get stamped. If you received an R go to the back table with Ms. Graham. Independent Practice Once you have been stamped moved to independent practice and complete numbers 4 and 5 on the reading comprehension worksheet. Homework Note-taking guide on the reverse side.