chapter 1 sponges, cnidarians, & worms
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Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms. Section 1 What is an Animal?. Characteristics of Animals. All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place Term to know: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1Sponges, Cnidarians, &
Worms
Characteristics of Animals
• All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy
• Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place
Term to know:Species: group of organisms that
can mate with each other & produce fertile offspring
- What Is an Animal?
Structure of Animals• The cells of most animals
are organized into higher levels of structure, including tissues,
• organs, and systems.
How they obtain food• Terms to know• Heterotroph: can NOT make their
own food; must obtain food by eating other organisms (ALL animals)– Food taken in through some cavity
• Autotroph: organism that makes its own food (ex. Plants)
Reproduction• Sexual reproduction: new
organism formed from joining of 2 sex cells– Characteristics of both parents (unique)
• Fertilization: joining of egg & sperm cells
Asexual reproduction: single organism produces a new organism identical to itself
-Parent may divide or buds may grow off Ex. Hydra
Movement• For: obtaining food, reproducing,
escaping danger• Some are sedentary (do not move), but
may have moved at some point
Ex. Oysters, barnacles, sponges, coral
Animal Needs
1. Water2. Food3. Oxygen• All obtained from environmentTerm to know:Adaptation: characteristic that helps
organisms survive in its environment & reproduce
Adaptations for obtaining food
• Herbivores: eat ONLY plants– Ex. Grasshoppers, termites, cows– Teeth are broad & flat for grinding
• Carnivores: eat ONLY other animals– Predators-hunt & kill other animals (prey)– Teeth sharp, pointed for cutting/stabbing– May adapt through-speed, good hearing, or even
camouflage
• Omnivore: Eat both plants & animals– Ex. Humans & bears
Adaptations for escaping predators
• “Playing dead”• Stingers• Claws• Bitter taste• Smelly sprays
Classification of Animals
• This branching tree shows how the major animal groupsare related.
Classification• 35 phylum: major groupings• Based on:
– Body Structure-what they look like
– Embryology-what they looked like early on
– DNA-chemical in cells that controls organisms inherited traits
– Backbone (Vertebrate) vs. No backbone (Invertebrate)
The Animal Kingdom
• Click the Video button to watch a movie about
the animal kingdom.
- What Is an Animal?
Invertebrates
• Click the Video button to watch a movie about invertebrates.
- What Is an Animal?