chapter 1 sponges, cnidarians, & worms

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Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

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Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms. Section 1 What is an Animal?. Characteristics of Animals. All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place Term to know: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Chapter 1Sponges, Cnidarians, &

Worms

Page 2: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms
Page 3: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Characteristics of Animals

• All are: multicellular & eat other organisms to obtain energy

• Most: Reproduce sexually & can move from place to place

Term to know:Species: group of organisms that

can mate with each other & produce fertile offspring

Page 4: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

- What Is an Animal?

Structure of Animals• The cells of most animals

are organized into higher levels of structure, including tissues,

• organs, and systems.

Page 5: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

How they obtain food• Terms to know• Heterotroph: can NOT make their

own food; must obtain food by eating other organisms (ALL animals)– Food taken in through some cavity

• Autotroph: organism that makes its own food (ex. Plants)

Page 6: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Reproduction• Sexual reproduction: new

organism formed from joining of 2 sex cells– Characteristics of both parents (unique)

• Fertilization: joining of egg & sperm cells

Asexual reproduction: single organism produces a new organism identical to itself

-Parent may divide or buds may grow off Ex. Hydra

Page 7: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Movement• For: obtaining food, reproducing,

escaping danger• Some are sedentary (do not move), but

may have moved at some point

Ex. Oysters, barnacles, sponges, coral

Page 8: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Animal Needs

1. Water2. Food3. Oxygen• All obtained from environmentTerm to know:Adaptation: characteristic that helps

organisms survive in its environment & reproduce

Page 9: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Adaptations for obtaining food

• Herbivores: eat ONLY plants– Ex. Grasshoppers, termites, cows– Teeth are broad & flat for grinding

• Carnivores: eat ONLY other animals– Predators-hunt & kill other animals (prey)– Teeth sharp, pointed for cutting/stabbing– May adapt through-speed, good hearing, or even

camouflage

• Omnivore: Eat both plants & animals– Ex. Humans & bears

Page 10: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Adaptations for escaping predators

• “Playing dead”• Stingers• Claws• Bitter taste• Smelly sprays

Page 11: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Classification of Animals

• This branching tree shows how the major animal groupsare related.

Page 12: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Classification• 35 phylum: major groupings• Based on:

– Body Structure-what they look like

– Embryology-what they looked like early on

– DNA-chemical in cells that controls organisms inherited traits

– Backbone (Vertebrate) vs. No backbone (Invertebrate)

Page 13: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

The Animal Kingdom

• Click the Video button to watch a movie about

the animal kingdom.

- What Is an Animal?

Page 14: Chapter 1 Sponges, Cnidarians, & Worms

Invertebrates

• Click the Video button to watch a movie about invertebrates.

- What Is an Animal?