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Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings

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Page 1: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings

Page 2: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Traffic Control Devices

1. Traffic Signs

2. Signal Lights

3. Pavement Markings

Page 3: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 4: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

8 SHAPES USED FOR TRAFFIC SIGNS

1. Octagon: Stop

2. Triangle: Yield

3. Vertical Rectangle: Regulatory

4. Pentagon: School

5. Round: Railroad Crossing

6. Pennant: No Passing

7. Diamond: Warning

8. Horizontal Rectangle: Guide

Page 5: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 6: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

8 COLORS USED FOR TRAFFIC SIGNS

Page 7: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 8: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 9: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

3. Guide – Provides information. Gives direction. (mark routes, intersections, service areas, and other points of interest)

Page 10: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Other Signs You May Encounter

Page 11: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

More Signs!!

Page 12: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 13: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

WHERE TO STOP AT A STOP SIGN

1. If Stop line stop behind it.2. If no stop line, stop before crosswalk.3. If no stop line or crosswalk, stop before sidewalk.4. If no stop line, crosswalk, or sidewalk, stop prior to entering the intersection.

Nothing says you have to stop behind the stopSign. Just somewhere before the intersection.

Page 14: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 15: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

APPROACHING STOP SIGNS1. You must recognize what kind of a stop it is.

2. 1 way? 2 way? 3 way? 4 way?

3. This dictates whose right of way.

4. Using the right of way means:

You accept the immediate use of the

roadway.

5. To yield means to:

You allow others to use the intersection

before you do.

*** When preparing to turn – you should check your mirror before you signal and before you break.

Page 16: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

2 WAY STOPCross traffic has the right of way. They are on the through street. ( A street where You do not have signs every block).

When two vehicles stop at the stop signs

Across from each other, whoever stops first has the right of way, regardless of who’s going straight and who’s turning.

If you stop at the same time, whoever is going straight has the right of way.

1 way stop - Driver at the stop sign must yield to everyone else.

Page 17: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

4 WAY STOP1. Come to a complete stop at the appropriate place.

2. The driver who stopped first should be allowed to proceed first. You take turns.

3. When vehicles stop to the right or left of each other at the same time, the driver on the right has the right of way.

4. When stopped across the intersection facing oncoming traffic, and you stop at the same time, the driver going straight has the right of way.

5. If you think its your turn begin to creep forward slowly. If no one moves, give it some gas and be on your way.

6. Scan traffic as you move through the intersection.

Page 18: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

3 WAY STOP

Follow same procedures as a 4 way stop.

You take turns.

Page 19: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

YIELD SIGNS1. Approach yield signs slow enough so you could stop normally if a

vehicle is approaching from the left or right.

2. Give the right of way to cross traffic when approaching a yield sign.

3. Act like there will be cross traffic approaching the intersection. Act like you will have to stop. This is how fast you should approach a yield sign.

4. When you are approaching a yield sign and there is a vehicle coming directly at you approaching their yield sign and one of you want to turn, whoever got there first would have the right of way.

5. If you get there at the same time, the driver going straight has the right of way.

Page 20: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

SPEED LIMIT REGULATIONS

1. Basic speed limit – May not drive faster than is safe for existing conditions.

2. Absolute speed limit – What is indicated on the sign.

3. Minimum speed limit – The slowest you are able to travel without impeding or blocking the normal flow of traffic.

4. Advisory speed limit – They indicate the maximum suggested speed.

** These signs are often posted below a warning sign, for special conditions such as sharp curves or exit ramps.

Page 21: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 22: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

SPEED LIMITS IN CERTAIN AREAS

In a rural area: 55 mph

In an urban area: 30 mph

In a school zone: 20 mph

In an alley: 15 mph

On an interstate: 55-65 mph

Page 23: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 24: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 25: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 26: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

COMPUTERIZED TRAFFIC LIGHTS

1. A computer coordinates traffic lights at several intersections in a row. This allows traffic to flow for several blocks at or near the speed limit without stopping.

2. Traffic lights also can be set to change when traffic approaches. A sensor in the road detects oncoming or stopped traffic and this activates the traffic light.

Page 27: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 28: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

FLASHING RED LIGHT

You treat the same as you would a stop sign

Look to see what kind of light cross traffic has

If they have a flashing red it’s a 4 way stop

If they have a flashing yellow it’s a 2 way stop

Page 29: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

FLASHING YELLOW LIGHTProceed with caution

Bad intersections, school zones, construction zones

Red X above your lane means your lane is not in use.

Yellow X above your lane means your lane is about to be closed to traffic (a red X is ready to come on).

Page 30: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

RIGHT ON RED RULE

1. Come to a full stop.

2. Proceed when traffic and the intersection is clear.

3. 2 places to look before going right on red

* To your left. Cross traffic might have a green light.

* Across from you. Oncoming traffic might have a green arrow wanting to turn your way.

4. Some areas prohibit turning right on a red light. There will be a sign that says ‘NO TURN ON RED’. If there is no sign the right turn is legal.

Page 31: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 32: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 33: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

LEFT TURN ON RED RULE

1. Come to a full stop.

2. Proceed when traffic and the intersection is clear.

3. You must be turning ONTO a ONE WAY FROM a ONE WAY.

4. Cross traffic to your right has a green light if you have a red light.

Page 34: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

WAITING TO TURN LEFT AT A RED LIGHT

Page 35: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 36: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 37: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD STOP BEHIND THE STOP LINE AT A RED

LIGHT

1. Activate the traffic light.

2. Give left turning vehicles room to turn.

3. Won’t block the crosswalk or cross traffic.

4. Won’t block the view of someone to your right wanting to go right on red.

Page 38: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 39: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

YELLOW LINE MARKINGS

1. Broken yellow line separates 2 way traffic

2. Solid yellow line – NO passing is allowed on the side of a road that has a solid yellow line.

Page 40: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

WHITE LINE MARKINGS

1. Broken white line separate lanes of traffic that are moving in the same direction.

2. Solid white lines indicate that you should not cross them.

Page 41: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 42: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 43: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Blind Spots

Page 44: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Blind Spots

Page 45: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

STATE LAW

1. All private driveways, alleys and parking lots are stop streets.

2. You must come to a complete stop before entering the roadway.

Page 46: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

SIGNALS REQUIRED BY LAW

1. Directional change – left or right turns

2. Lane changes – Anything laterally

Passing, merging, pulling to curb or away from curb.

3. Slowing or stopping – brake lights

Page 47: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

WHEN TO PUT TURN SIGNALS ON

1. In town – 100 feet before turn (about 2 houses)

2. In the country – 300-500 feet before your turn (at the warning sign)

Page 48: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

WHEN IS IT LEGAL TO PASS ON THE RIGHT?

1. When 2 or more lanes are traveling in the same direction.

2. When a vehicle in front of you is making a left turn.

* You cannot go off the road to pass on the right.

* It is legal to pass in town.

After you pass someone, return to the right hand lane when you can see at least 1 headlight in your rearview mirror. Maintain your speed.

Page 49: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

BEING PASSED

1. Keep to your right.

2. Maintain your speed.

Page 50: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

NO PASSING ZONES

1. Hills2. Curves3. 2 lane bridges4. Overpasses5. Tunnels6. 100’ before an intersection or railroad crossing7. Stopped school bus8. Stopped vehicle for pedestrian * Most passing should not require a driver to

exceed the speed limit.

Page 51: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Approaching Intersections

1. Identify the type of intersections

2. Search the intersection - right, left, and front.

3. Identify line of sight restrictions

4. Make sure your path is unrestricted. If it is restricted, then prepare to stop.

5. Once path is deemed clear – proceed through the intersection according to right of ways.

Page 52: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

INTERSECTIONS

Page 53: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Unprotected Turns

Page 54: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings
Page 55: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Checks to make on four lane streets while waiting

to turn left.

1. Traffic Light

2. Inside lane

3. Outside lane

4. Turn Path

Page 56: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

STOP LIGHTS

Page 57: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

RIGHT TURN CONFLICTS

1. Pedestrian conflicts.

2. Conflicts from behind.

3. Conflicts with oncoming left turning vehicles.

Page 58: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

BLOCKED VIEW

1. Look through windows of parked cars.

2. Creep forward until you can see that traffic from the left is clear.

3. From here, you will have a clear view to the right.

Page 59: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

GAP IN TRAFFIC1. This is the amount of space there is between vehicles.

2. To cross two lanes of traffic at a normal speed should take 4-5 seconds.

3. To make a right turn and get up to the speed limit should take about 6 seconds.

4. To make a left turn and get up to the speed limit should take about 7 seconds.

Page 60: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

CONTROLLED AND UNCONTROLLED RAILROAD

CROSSINGS1. A controlled crossing has red lights and possibly

crossing gates. It is illegal to drive around the gates.

2. An uncontrolled crossing doesn’t have any red lights or crossing gates. You must treat these as you would a yield sign.

Page 61: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

6 PARKING REGULATIONS1. CURB – Within 1 foot

2. R/R Crossing – 50 feet

3. FIRE HYDRANT – 15 feet

4. MARKED INTERSECTION – 30 feet ( with signs)

5. UNMARKED INTERSECTION – 20 feet

6. FIRE STATION DRIVE – 20 feet

Page 62: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

PLANNING A TURN1. Looking action.

2. Signal.

3. Lane position.

4. Speed at which you make your turn.

CHANGING LANES

SIGNAL

MIRROR

CHECK YOUR BLINDSPOT.

Page 63: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Traffic LightsBoth car are across from each other at the intersection.

1. If car #1 has a red light and a green arrow, what does car #2 have?

2. If car #1 has a green light what does car #2 have?

3. If car #1 has a green light and green arrow, what does car #2 have?

4. If car #1 has a red light what two things might car #2 have?

Page 64: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

Teen Crash Rates

1. 16 year old 3 times greater than 17 year old

2. 16 year old 5 times greater than 18 year old

3. 16 year old 2 times greater than 85 year old

Page 65: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings

TOP TEN FACTORS IN TEEN CRASHES

1. Speeding – 5 mph or greater

2. Improper Lane Usage

3. Driving Too Fast Through a Curve

4. Pulling in front of cross traffic

5. Lack of visual awareness

6. Following too closely

7. Reckless Driving

8. Drinking

9. Distracted Driving

10.Improper Evasive Actions

Page 66: Ch.2 Signs, Signals, and Roadway Markings Traffic Control Devices 1. Traffic Signs 2. Signal Lights 3. Pavement Markings