CH0302 Process Instrumentation

Department of Chemical Engineering School of Bioengineering SRM University Kattankulathur 603203

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Lecture 1 – Introduction

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Introduction - outline

Anatomy  of  chemical  produc;on  process    

Block  diagram  for  a  chemical  produc;on    

Process  flow  diagram    

Process/Piping  and  Instrumenta;on  diagram    

Symbols  used  in  instrumenta;on  diagram    

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Introduction - Chemical production process

General  anatomy  of  chemical  produc;on  process  

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Introduction – Block Diagram in Chemical production process

-­‐  A  block  diagram  is  the  simplest  form  of  presenta;on.  

-­‐  Each  block  represent  a  single  piece  of  equipment  or  complete  stage  of  

 process.    

-­‐  Block  diagrams  are  useful  for  represen;ng  a  process  in  a  simplified  form    

           in  reports  and  text  books,  but  only  have  limited  use  in  engineering  

           document        

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-­‐  A    process  flow  is  one  in  which  all  incoming  and  out  going  materials  and    

           u;li;es  are  shown.  

-­‐          Arrangement  of  major  pieces  of  equipment’s  and  their  interconnec;ons    

           opera;ng  condi;ons  of  each  streams,  such  as  temperature,  pressure  and            

           composi;on.  

-­‐        Heated  added  or  removed  in  a  par;cular  equipment    

-­‐        Any  specific  informa;on  which  is  useful  in  understanding  the  process.  

Introduction – Process Flow Diagram in Chemical production process

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-­‐  Piping/Process  and  instrumenta;on  diagram  shows  the  engineering  details  

of  the  equipment,  instruments,  piping,  valves  and  fiSngs;  and  their  

arrangement  

-­‐  P  &  I  also  shows  the  arrangement  of  the  process  equipment,  instruments,  

valves,  control  loop  and  other  fiSngs.  

-­‐  For  simple  process,  the  u;lity  (or  service)  lines  can  be  shown  on  the  P&I    

         diagram.  For  complete  process,  separate  diagrams  should  be  used  to  show    

         service  line.  

Introduction – P&I’D- Process/ Piping and Instrumentation Diagram

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Introduction – Schematic representation

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Introduction – Codes Used

Design  codes  followed  in  the  schema;c  representa;on  of  equipments  in  process  flow  diagrams  are:    

-­‐        Bri;sh  Standard,  BS1553  “Graphical  symbols  for  general  engineerng”  

-­‐        American  Na;onal  Standard  Ins;tute,  ANSI  

-­‐        German  Standard,  DIN  28004          

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Introduction - Block Diagram

Rising  par;cle  _  Cond.  _II      

Manufacture  of  Sod

ium  dod

ecyl  ben

zene

 

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Introduction - PFD Manufacture  of  Sod

ium  dod

ecyl  ben

zene

 

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Introduction - PFD Manufacture  of  P

henyl  ethyl  alcoh

ol  

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Introduction – P&ID

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Introduction – P&ID

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Introduction – P&ID

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References

1.  Warren  L.  Mc  Cabe,  Julian  C.  Smith,  Peter  Harriot  (1997)  Unit  Opera+ons  of  Chemical  

Engineering  ,  5th  Edi-­‐on,  Mc.  Graw  Hill,  Pp.  3-­‐5.    

2.  Max  S.  Peters,  Klaus  D.  Timmerhaus,  Ronald  E.  West,  (1997)  Plant  Design  and  Economics  for  

Chemical  Engineers,  5th  Mc.  Graw  Hill,  Pp.  1-­‐2.    

3.  David  M.  Himmelblau,  James  B.  Riggs.  (2009),  Basic  Principles  and  Calcula+ons  in  Chemical  

Engineering  ,  7th  Pren-­‐ce  Hall  India,  Pp.  XXV.  

4.  Sinnot  R.  K,  (1999)  Coulson  and  Richardson’s,  Chemical  Engineering  Design,  Vol.  6,  3rd  

Edi;on,  Elseveir,  Pp.  5.  

5.  BhaJ.  B.  I  and  Vora,  (1999)  Stoichimetry,  Vol.  6,  4th  Edi-­‐on,  Tata  Mc  Graw  Hill,  Pp.  130.  

6.        Instrumenta;on  Systems  and  Automa;on  society  ISA-­‐5.1-­‐1984            

             Standards.