ch 4 study session. appositives vs. subject complements remember, both rename the subject an...
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Ch 4 Study Session
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Remember, both rename the subject• An appositive is on the subject side of the verb– Usually identified because of the commas
• A subject complement is on the other side of the verb– Separated by a linking verb
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.– Nouns?
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.– Nouns?• Jason?
– Subject
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.– Nouns?• Jason?
– Subject
• friend?
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.– Nouns?• Jason?
– Subject
• friend?– Appositive! Jason = friend, and it’s separated by commas AND
it’s on the subject side of the verb!!
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.– Nouns?• Jason?
– Subject
• friend?– Appositive! Jason = friend, and it’s separated by commas AND
it’s on the subject side of the verb!!
• school?
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason, my best friend from high school, is coming to visit.– Nouns?• Jason?
– Subject
• friend?– Appositive! Jason = friend, and it’s separated by commas AND
it’s on the subject side of the verb!!
• school?– Object of preposition. “from” is a preposition, the whole
phrase is “from high school” and so “school” is the object!
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason is my best friend from high school, and is coming to visit.– Subject?
Appositives vs. Subject Complements
• Jason is my best friend from high school, and is coming to visit.– Subject?• Still ‘Jason’.
– But NOW, what is ‘friend’?!?• Jason = friend, BUT…• friend is on the opposite side of the linking verb (‘is’),
so ‘friend’ is now a…• SUBJECT COMPLEMENT!!!
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• Remember that MOST of the time, the indirect object will be a name/person!!
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
– Verb?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
– And for WHOM did I make the cookies?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made Sue cookies.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
– And for WHOM did I make the cookies?• Sue, indirect object
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?• I
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?• I
– Verb?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
– Now…the remainder of the sentence is a PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE!!
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?
• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
– Now…the remainder of the sentence is a PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE!!
– It starts with ‘for’, and ‘Sue’ is the…
Direct Objects vs. Indirect Objects vs. Objects of Prepositions
• I made cookies for Sue.– Subject?
• I
– Verb?• made
– I made what?• cookies, direct object
– Now…the remainder of the sentence is a PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE!!
– It starts with ‘for’, and ‘Sue’ is the…– OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION!!!