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Certification Training

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Pork Quality Assurance (PQA) Plus®

Implementing PQA Plus® will help a producer maintain or create: A high quality pork product for the consumer from a food

safety standpoint A safe and productive environment for the swine, you and

your employees Increase profitability as an efficient and responsible

producer

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Ethical Principles: Produce safe food Protect and promote animal well-being Ensure practices to protect public health Safeguard natural resources Provide a work environment that is safe Contribute to a better quality of life in

our communities

We Care:

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10 Good Production Practices (GPPs)

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GPP # 1Use an Appropriate Veterinary/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR) as the Basis for Medication Decision Making

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Objectives for GPP#1 Describe how a veterinarian is vital to the medication

decision-making process

Identify the three categories of approved drug distribution

Define extra-label drug use (ELDU)

Distinguish examples of legal and illegal ELDU

Define drug compounding and who can compound drugs

List examples of residue avoidance practices

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The veterinarian: Assumes the role of making medical

judgments for animals and owner Has sufficient access and knowledge of

the herd/animals Is responsible for providing continued

care

The owner/client/caretaker: Follows the veterinarian’s instructions Provides access and documentation

Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR)

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Key veterinary activities for a VCPR: Development of herd health plan to

include appropriate vaccination and treatment recommendations Direct use of pharmaceutical products Extra-Label Drug Use Appropriate vaccination use

Participate in record keeping Provide information and support in the

case of an adverse event Be available to address herd health

changes

Veterinarian/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR)

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Federal Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) of 1994 Permits extra-label drug use by

veterinarian with a VCPR Risks are increased, extended withdrawal

times may be necessary Treatment records should be kept by the

producer for 1 year after the animal is treated

Does not include medicated feeds, including VFD feeds

Extra-label Drug Use - AMDUCA

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Examples of extra-label use include:1. Increasing the dosage2. Changing the frequency or route of

administration3. Changing the duration of treatment4. Treating a disease or condition not on the

label5. Changing species or life stage on the

label

Extra-label Drug Use - Situations

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What is required of producers for extra-label use of medications? An established VCPR for the herd must

exist Records showing the instructions from

the veterinarian directing the extra-label drug use

Documentation in the treatment records showing the application of the veterinarian’s instructions

Extra-label Drug Use – Keys to Remember

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Animal Drug Distribution Methods Over-The-Counter (OTC) Prescription (Rx) Veterinary Feed Directive (VFD)

Distribution and Use of Approved Animal Drugs

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Compounding is the mixing of two or more FDA-approved drugs

Withdrawal times are difficult to estimate AMDUCA also allows a veterinarian with

a VCPR to compound drugs for the client Veterinarian assumes responsibility for

safety, efficacy and withdrawal time of compounded drug

Producers and distributers of animal health product may NOT compound drugs

Issues with Compounding Drugs

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Residue Avoidance – follow all label instructions on withdrawal periods and dosage.

If the residue status of an animal or group is in doubt, conduct a residue test.

This may be due to: ID tags or markings missing Accidental animal access to medicated

feed Lost or damaged records

Be prepared with a service provider’s information and emergency response plan

Residue Avoidance and Testing

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“Local News at 5” – Interview Activity

Answer the questions:

What is extra-label drug use?

What is required for legal extra-label use?

Why is the veterinarian vital in making extra-label use decisions?

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Sample Test Items for GPP#1 _____ medications can be purchased by anyone from places such as farm

supply stores, animal health salespersons, catalogs and veterinary clinics. A. Over-the-Counter B. Prescription C. Extra-label D. Veterinary Feed Directive

Using a veterinarian as the basis for medication decision making is part of a(n) _______. A. FIFRA B. AMDUCA C. VCPR D. USCFR

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GPP #2 Establish and Implement an Efficient and Effective Health Management Plan

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Objectives for GPP#2 Identify the four components of a health management plan Identify the value of a VCPR Summarize the purpose of a herd health plan Define biosecurity Using an example, examine both external and internal

biosecurity measures Recognize effective measures of rodent and pest control Identify the plans that should be developed for foreign animal

disease and agroterrorism awareness, reporting, and prevention

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Four components of a health management plan1. Development of and maintenance of a

Vet-Client Patient Relationship (VCPR)2. Development of an individualized herd

health plan3. Development of a herd-level biosecurity

plan4. Foreign animal disease and agro-

terrorism prevention

Health Management Plan

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Benefits to the producer Active involvement in herd health Provide a professional outside view Opportunity to plan and make informed

management adjustments.

1. Development of and Maintenance of a Vet/Client/Patient Relationship

(VCPR)

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Two major purposes Address potential and current health

challenges Help prevent diseases from entering into

your herd

Plans may: Include periodic health checks Be tailored for a herd and/or specific

diseases of interest

2. Development of an Individualized Herd Health Plan

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Biosecurity is a management measure used to prevent the transmission of diseases and disease agents on the farm.

External Biosecurity: keeping disease out of the herd

Internal Biosecurity: preventing disease movement within the herd

Rodent and Pest Control: preventing compromise of external and internal biosecurity measures

3. Development of a Herd-level Biosecurity Plan

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FADs are a very serious concern for the entire industry and food supply

Contact your herd veterinarian if you have questions or concerns

Know and follow the plans your operation should have in place to prevent and report FADs

4. Foreign Animal Disease (FAD) & Agro-terrorism Awareness, Reporting, and Prevention

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“Call and Answer” Review What are the 4 components of a health management

plan?

Why is a VCPR valuable?

What is the difference between external and internal biosecurity? Give an example of each.

What is FAD and why is it an important issue?

What are the four elements of rodent and pest control?

What is the benefit of a herd health plan?

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Sample Test Items for GPP#2 True or False? Through a VCPR, knowing the disease status of a

herd can help your veterinarian create a specific health plan to help minimize the impact of a disease. True False

A herd health plan is designed to address potential and current health challenges and to help prevent _________ from entering into your herd. A. low performers B. flies C. diseases D. stress

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GPP #3 Use Antibiotics Responsibly

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Objectives of GPP#3 Define the three purposes of antibiotic use in pork production.

Identify the five principles for responsible antibiotic use.

Recognize the components of each element.

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The basis for using antibiotics responsibly during pork production involves evaluating their use to protect animal health, optimize effectiveness and minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance, thereby protecting public health.

Responsible Use of Antibiotics

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Three antibiotic purposes:1. Treatment of Illness2. Control or Prevention of Disease 3. Improve Nutritional Efficiency

Antibiotic Purposes

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Take appropriate steps to decrease the need for the application of antibiotics.

Principles for Antibiotic Use

Principle I.

Principle II.

Principle III.

Principle IV.

Principle V.

Assess the advantages and disadvantages of all uses of antibiotics.

Use antibiotics only when they provide measurable benefits.

Fully implement the management practices described for responsible use of animal health products into daily operations.

Have a working veterinarian/client/patient relationship and follow the responsible antibiotic use guidelines.

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Preventive strategies can help decrease the need for antibiotics Biosecurity programs Appropriate animal husbandry Hygiene Routine health monitoring Vaccination programs

Principle 1Take appropriate steps to decrease the need for the application of antibiotics.Principle I.

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Other management options should be considered

Treat only as long as needed

Review the need for continuing preventative antibiotic therapy

Consider other impacts of using antibiotics

Principle 2Principle II. Assess the advantages and disadvantages of all uses of antibiotics.

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Assess measureable benefits of all uses of antibiotics

Assessing measureable benefits of use for nutritional efficiency should be based on scientific data

Principle 3 – Principle III. Use antibiotics only when they provide measurable benefits.

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Complete PQA Plus® and fully implement GPPs

Follow FDA Compliance Policy Guide 615.200 Provides regulatory guidance for the

development of cases resulting from the use of animal drugs contrary to label directions (“off label use") by non- veterinarians in food-producing animals

Also provides guidance on measures that can be taken by non-veterinarians to ensure proper drug use and avoid illegal residues

Principle IV - CompliancePrinciple IV.Fully implement the management practices described for responsible use of animal health products into daily operations.

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Guideline A. Use professional veterinary input as the basis for all antibiotic decision-making.

Guideline B. Antibiotics should be used for treatment only when there is an appropriate clinical diagnosis.

Guideline C. Limit antibiotic treatment to ill or at-risk animals, treating the fewest animals indicated.

Guideline D. Antibiotics that are important in treating antibiotic resistant infections in human or veterinary medicine should be used in animals only after careful review and reasonable justification.

Guideline E. Mixing together injectable or water medications, including antibiotics, by producers is illegal.

Guideline F: Minimize environmental exposure through proper handling and disposal of all animal health products, including antibiotics.

Principle VPrinciple V. Have a working veterinarian/client/patient relationship and follow the responsible antibiotic use guidelines.

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“Antibiotics Scenarios” Review Review the scenario on each card and

identify which principle best applies to the situation.

As a group be ready to discuss your response.

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Sample Test Items for GPP#3 The basis for using antibiotics responsibly during pork

production involves evaluating their use to protect animal health, optimize effectiveness, and: A. Minimize the risk of developing antibiotic resistance B. Elimination of all bacteria on the farm C. Decrease the effectiveness of future antibiotic use D. Improve meat color and firmness

True or False? The following is a principle for antibiotic use: Use antibiotics as often as possible to ensure maximum benefit. A. True B. False

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GPP #4Properly Store and Administer Animal Health Products

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Objectives of GPP#4 Identify the responsibilities of properly administering products

Determine the key components of drug labels and why this information is vital

Identify how to properly maintain drug inventory and usage records

Identify the three methods of administering medications

Distinguish between the five methods of injectable medication

Discuss the key elements for a needle standard operating procedure (SOP)

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1. Read, understand and follow label directions when giving any medication.

2. Devise a medication record and animal or group ID system that enables all caretakers to know the medication status of animals prepared for harvest.

3. Identify all treated animals.

4. Keep records for making judgments about marketing animals that have been treated.

5. Use medication records to determine that withdrawal times have been completed.

Responsibilities of Properly Administering Animal Health

Products

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1. Trade name 2. Active ingredient3. Indications4. Dosage and directions for use 5. Precautions6. Warnings7. Withdrawal times8. Manufacturer’s lot number9. Expiration date

Parts of a Drug Label

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Keep and maintain a drug inventory.

Follow drug storage instruction

Avoid the practice of withdrawing an injectable medication from the original glass vial and storing it in a syringe for later use

Drug Inventory and Storage

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Orally- Given through the mouth, and can be mixed with water and/or feed

Topically - Application to skin

Injection – Five possible options

Administering Medication

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In the muscle (intramuscular – IM) Under the skin (subcutaneous – SQ) In the abdominal cavity (intraperitoneal –

IP) In the vein (intravenous – IV) In the nasal passages (intranasal – IN)

Five Methods of Injectable Administration

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Needle breakage is an important issue for the industry.

You should have an SOP addressing this issue.

Considerations:1. Broken needle prevention plan2. Identification of animals that are at risk

or carrying a broken needle3. Communication with your packer4. Disposal of sharps

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

for Needle Breakage

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“Be the Trainer” Exercise Once assigned a group and SOP consideration,

read the practices in the GPP handbook and be ready to share three key points and an example with the other groups.1. Broken needle prevention plan

2. Identification of animals that are at risk or carrying a broken needle

3. Communications with your packer

4. Disposal of sharps

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Sample Test Items for GPP#4 Where can the producer readily locate precautions and

warnings related to antibiotic withdrawal times? A. Pork Safety Handbook B. All of the responses are correct C. The sow card D. The product label

_____ medications are those that are given through the mouth. A. Injectable B. Topical C. Oral D. Prescription

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GPP #5 Following Proper Feed Processing Protocols

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Objectives of GPP#5 Identify the goals of feed manufacturing Differentiate between the cGMP guidelines for medicated and

non-medicated feeds Explain the special consideration regarding the feeding of

ruminant-derived products Using an example, explain the considerations when calculating

the amount of medicated feed to add to the mixer

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Meets specifications for nutritional composition

Meets the desired medication level, if appropriate

Is free of contaminants, or contaminants are below established tolerances or action levels

Goals of Feed Manufacturing

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Provide reasonable assurance that the feed is manufactured accurately

There are cGMPs for all feeds and additional cGMPs for medicated feeds.

General Categories:1. Buildings and grounds2. Equipment3. Workspace and storage4. Quality control5. Labeling6. Recordkeeping7. Employee Training

Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP)

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Ruminant-derived products Measures must be taken to keep cattle,

sheep, goats and other ruminants from having access to hog feed if it might contain ruminant-derived products.

Mixing medicated feed Proper drug concentrations are important to:

Achieve desired benefits of the drug Prevent adverse health effects or violative

residues

Recordkeeping Producers retain records for two years from

date of order. Veterinarians keep VFD order 2 years after animal is treated.

Additional Keys on Feed Processing Protocols

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“Highlight the Differences” ReviewHighlight two additional requirements in the cGMPs for medicated feeds. Use the GPP handbook Work with a partner Research and report on the area(s) assigned to you by

the trainer:1. Equipment2. Workspace and storage3. Quality control4. Labeling5. Recordkeeping

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Sample Test Items for GPP#5 One goal of feed manufacturing is to meet the specifications for

______________ needed for animal growth and development. A. exercise requirement B. safe handling C. nutritional composition D. identification procedures

A set of guidelines for processing medicated feed is known as: A. cGMPs B. Linder Guidelines C. PTSDRs D. ABCs of Medicated Feed

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GPP #6 Establish Effective Swine Identification, Medication Records and Withdrawal Times

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Objectives of GPP#6 Determine the importance of having an effective identification

plan Identify the three key components of the Swine ID Plan Discuss why medication records are important Determine the key elements of maintaining mediation records

and the key information for tracking treatments Define withdrawal time Calculate a withdrawal time Determine additional sources, other than the label, of drug use

information

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Records are critical to ensuring animal health and integrity of food supply

Without identification, record keeping is nearly impossible

Swine ID Plan Initiative for industry standards with

three key components: Premises identification Animal identification Animal tracing

Swine Identification

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Registering a location of where livestock are: Raised Housed Pass through

during commerce

Locations are given a standardized 7-digit PIN number

Swine ID, Key Component #1: Premises Identification

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Animals must be identified individually or as part of a group or lot.

Breeding animals entering harvest channels must have individual ear tags bearing the location PIN

While on-farm, individual animals may be identified with: ID cards Paint marks Tattoos Ear tags Ear notches

Swine ID, key component #2: individual identification

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Accomplished by keeping and maintaining animal movement records animal's or group's identification

number PIN of the sending and receiving premises the date of movement number of head moved the reason for movement

Must be maintained three years after animal leaves premises consistent with 9CFR 71.19 and Swine

ID program standards

Swine ID, Key Component #3: Animal Tracing

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Primary reason: to make sure withdrawal times have elapsed before marketing animals. Provide documentation that

demonstrates a drug was used properly

Assure packers of proper procedures Can be a useful management tool

Records must be kept for 12 months following last day of treatment

Medication Records

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FDA Compliance Policy Guide (CPG 7125.37)

Minimum expectations of medical records, per FDA guidance

Suggested medical records with additional information

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The withdrawal time is the period required for the medication to be metabolized, broken-down, or excreted so that the level remaining in the body of the animal is below the level established as safe for humans.

With withdrawal times, consider: Calculating withdrawal time Other sources of drug information Medication information such as

compatibility

Withdrawal Times

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Scenario Review A drug with a 3-day withdrawal time is administered

to pen of pigs through medicated feed. You last filled the feeders with medicated feed at 7 a.m. on Tuesday. At 3 p.m. on Friday you are asked if that pen is cleared to be shipped for harvest. What is your response?

A drug with a 5-day withdrawal is administered by IM injection at 4 p.m. on Wednesday, September 10. You are completing the medical record. What is the date and time you enter in the field, “Withdrawal Time Completed?”

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Sample Test Items for GPP#6 A swine identification plan should include ___________.

A. Premises identification B. Animal identification C. All of the responses are correct D. Animal tracing

The minimum standards of medication and treatment records defined by the FDA require ______ to be documented. A. The date of administration B. The expected market weight of the animal treated C. From whom the drug was purchased D. All of the responses are correct

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GPP #7 Environmental Stewardship

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Objectives of GPP#7 Identify the key environmental management practices Discuss the key elements for each environmental

management practice

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The goal of environmental stewardship is to protect our natural resources (water, air and land) in all of our production practices.

General site conditions

Buildings

Manure Management

Mortality

Emergency action plan

Inspections

Implementation of Environmental Practices

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“Draw and Describe” Review Review the list of Environmental

Management Practices listed in GPP#7

Choose one and using the notecard on your table draw a picture that represents that practice

In small groups, go around and guess the practice depicted in each person’s drawing

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Sample Test Items for GPP#7 True or False? The goal of environmental stewardship is to

protect our natural resources (water, air and land) in all of our production practices. A. True B. False

Which of the following is an environmental management practice area? A. Employee performance management B. Manure management C. Feed manufacturing D. All of the responses are correct

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GPP #8 Workplace Safety

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Objectives of GPP#8 Determine how every individual involved in the operation is

responsible for a safe workplace Discuss the four steps to controlling on farm hazards. Identify the essential elements of an adequate emergency

action plan. Identify key prevention techniques for each major safety area Assess the safety procedures to determine if the plan is

adequate enough to prevent a workplace accident

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For a safety program to work, it has to be everyone’s responsibility. If any person does not take personal responsibility for working in and maintaining a safe work area, that person puts himself and others at risk.

Everyone working in the barn

Owners/operating managers

Production managers

Safety is Everyone’s Responsibility

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Four basic strategies, in order of preference: Eliminating the hazard from the method,

the material, the facility or the machine Abating the hazard by limiting exposure

or controlling it at its source Training personnel to be aware of the

hazard and to follow safe work procedures to avoid it

Prescribing personal protective equipment (PPE) for protecting employees against the hazard

Controlling hazardsM

ost

pref

erre

d

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An emergency action plan (EAP) will prepare producers to take immediate action when someone is hurt, a fire starts, tornados are imminent or other foreseeable crisis situations

At minimum, an EAP should include: Telephone numbers for owner,

veterinarian, electric power company, fire and police

Address of the facility

Emergency Action Plan (EAP)

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“Can I Get Your Attention?” Activity Review the list of safety procedures and plans in the

Training Manual (GPP #8) and identify three areas that should get more attention in your building.

Fire prevention and safetyHearing health and safetyLockout/Tagout programPersonal protective equipmentRespiratory health and safetyHazard communication planMachine guarding

Electrical safetySlips, trips and fallsSafe liftingPersonal hygieneNeedle sticks and cutsSafe animal handling

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Sample Test Items for GPP#8 True or False? An emergency action plan (EAP), at minimum,

must include the address of the facility. A. True B. False

The most preferred strategy for controlling workplace hazards is to __________ the hazard from the method, material, the facility, or machine. A. attempt to avoid B. maximize C. eliminate D. increase

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GPP #9 Provide Proper Swine Care to Improve Well-being

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Objectives of GPP#9 Identify the main types of recordkeeping to help ensure animal well-being Explain the main components of each Perform and document daily observations of animals in their care Describe the farms emergency action plan Operate the site’s emergency backup system Determine the thermal comfort of pigs in their care Explain the importance of good air quality for the health and well-being of

the animal Identify the maintenance required for pens, floors, alleyways, chute,

feeders, and waterers Describe the different body condition scores

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Objectives of GPP#9, cont. List the factors that constitute adequate body space Identify the main elements of animal evaluation Explain the main components of each Identify the key elements of a euthanasia plan Identify the practices/techniques for a humane euthanasia Define timely euthanasia Recognize common instinctive behaviors of swine Determine proper handling practices and techniques for various

size and stages of swine development Discuss the factors that constitute willful acts of abuse

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Every caretaker has an ethical responsibility to protect and promote the well-being of the pigs in his or her care by:

Providing feed, water and an environment that promotes the well-being of our animals.

Providing proper care, handling and transportation for pigs at each stage of life.

Protecting pig health and providing appropriate treatment, including veterinary care when needed.

Using approved practices to euthanize, in a timely manner, those sick or injured pigs that fail to respond to care and treatment.

Ethical Responsibility for Well-Being

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1. Veterinary/Client/Patient Relationship (VCPR)

2. Medication and treatment records (at minimum) The animal(s) that were treated – animals can be

identified as a group when multiple animals are treated.

The date(s) of treatment, including last date of administration.

The drug(s) administered. The route of administration. The name or initials of the person who

administered each drug. The amount of each drug administered. The withdrawal time prior to harvest.

Recordkeeping for Swine Well-being

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3. Caretaker training program including: Euthanasia Animal handling Husbandry

4. Documented Daily Observations: Feed and water availability Seriously ill, non-ambulatory or dead

animals Treatment Pen

Recordkeeping for Swine Well-being, cont.

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Written emergency action plan (EAP) Covers various emergencies – fire, weather, power

outage, etc… Should include: Address of facility and telephone

numbers for owner, veterinarian, electrical power company, fire and police

Emergency detection system Alarms for power failure, drastic temperature

changes Facility location may allow for visual detection

Emergency backup system Automated intervention in the event of a

mechanical ventilation failure Test backup system regularly

Emergency Support

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Air Quality Control contaminants: dust, ammonia and others

Temperature Control Pig behavior is a good indicator of thermal comfort Heating/cooling provisions should accommodate needs

Ventilation

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Should be in proper working order and not cause injury

If more than 1% of animals fall during handling, a problem needs corrected

Facilities

Pens, Floors & Alleys

Chutes Broken or missing cleats

should be repaired or replaced

Moving parts should be inspected and maintained regularly

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Both flow and quality are critical to well-being

Must be in good state of repair, not cause injury, and be readily available

Basic Needs-Feed & Water

Feeders

Waterers

Out-of-feed events can negatively impact pigs’ well-being

Feed should be readily available to reduce competition and fighting

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Key indicator of management and animal well-being

Body Condition Score (BCS)

1 2 3 4 5Score Condition Detection of ribs, backbone, “H”

bones, and pin bones

1 Emaciated Obvious2 Thin Easily detected with pressure3 Ideal Barely felt with firm pressure4 Fat None5 Overly fat None

Taken from “Assessing Sow Body Condition” by R.D.Coffey, G.R. Parker, and K.M. Laurent (ASC-158; 1999)

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Easily lie down fully on its side (full lateral recumbency) without having to lie on another pig and be able to easily stand back up.

Lie down without the head having to rest on a raised feeder.

A pig housed in a stall must be able to lie down fully on its side and easily stand back up without the head having to rest on a raised feeder and the rear quarters coming in contact with the back of the stall at the same time.

Body Space – Requirements

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Production Performance Average Daily Gain Farrowing Rate Mortality

Physical Evaluation Lameness Skin lesions (abscesses, wounds) Shoulder sores Rectal prolapses Hernias

Swine Behavior Tail Biting Fear in presence of people

Animal Evaluation

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Timely euthanasia Goal: minimize animal pain or distress Definitions of “timely” based on situation

No prospect for recovery after two days of intensive care Severely injured or non-ambulatory pigs with the inability to

recover Immobilized with body condition score of 1 Pigs with large hernias that touch the ground or cause difficulty

walking Requires trained personnel and functional equipment

Should have a written euthanasia plan that is easily accessible

Euthanasia

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Proven pig-handling and movement practices will contribute to good well-being of the pig and a safe work environment for the handler.

Many negative consequences when pigs are improperly handled Swine well-being Productivity Food product quality Worker safety

Know animal instincts and use proper handling procedures

Safe Animal Handling – Overview

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Flight Zone Point of Balance Blind Spot

Safe Animal Handling – Instincts: Flight Zone

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Pigs like to Stay in visual/physical contact Follow each other

An advantage when moving pigs Up or down ramp/chute Through hallway/alleyway Into or out of a pen or room

Safe Animal Handling – Instincts: Following & Herding

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Pigs typically slow, stop or change direction when they encounter something new or unfamiliar

Handler’s intentions are not instinctively understood

Pigs experiencing regular, positive interactions with people are typically Less fearful of handlers Easier to handle

Safe Animal Handling – Instincts: Reacting to Changes in the

Environment

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Handlers should: Act calmly Avoid sudden movement, loud noises, other

distractions Move pigs at their normal walking pace Avoid aggressive handling

Aggressive handling includes things such as: Overuse, or improper use, of electric prods Loud noises and yelling Moving pigs too fast Moving too many pigs per group Overcrowding them in chutes, ramps and alleyways Rough physical contact

Proper Handling

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Piglets should not be tossed or thrown, this is considered mishandling

Piglets should be picked up under the rib cage or by grabbing the rear leg above the hock

Pigs should be moved in groups large enough to be efficient for the system but small enough to be safe for pigs and handlers

Willful acts of neglect or abuse are unacceptable

Proper Handling Key Points

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“Handling Pigs of Various Types and Sizes” Activity

Find and list 3-5 additional key points that you think are critical for new hires to know.

Breeding Stock

Piglets

Nursery and Finisher Pigs

Group Sizes

Non-ambulatory Pigs

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Tools as Physical barrier (e.g., sorting board) Visual barrier (e.g., matador’s cape) Auditory stimulus (e.g., rattle/shaker paddle) Visual stimulus (e.g., nylon flag)

Use the right tool for the right situation

Electric prods should be a last resort Avoid or minimize use Never prod sensitive areas Should not be the primary handling tool

Tools and Equipment

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Willful acts of neglect or abuse are unacceptable and are not tolerable

Willful abuse and neglect are defined as acts outside accepted production practices that intentionally cause pain and suffering including, but not limited to: Intentionally applying prods to sensitive parts of the animal such

as the eyes, ears, nose, genitals, or rectum. Malicious hitting, kicking, or beating of an animal. Purposeful failure to provide minimal food, water, and care that

results in significant harm or death to animals.

Willful Acts of Abuse

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Sample Test Items for GPP#9 The best way to fully assess the pigs’ environment and health is to

____________. A. have a plan for medical treatments B. conduct annual performance reviews C. conduct daily observations D. ensure automatic monitoring systems are functioning

Keeping waterers and feeders in proper maintenance is key in allowing adequate space in order to ___________. A. decrease competition B. increase competition C. decrease body temperature D. increase body temperature

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GPP #10 Utilize Tools for Continuous Improvement

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Objectives of GPP#10 Determine the role caretaker training plays in animal well-

being and herd health Identify the steps of the PTSDR method Recognize the elements of documenting training Describe how the animal well-being assessment works State how an action plan is used to improve animal well-being

and production practices Summarize how the third-party evaluation process operates

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Continuous improvement Advances in science and technology Updated Good Production Practices

Caretaker training contributes to animal well-being . Examples from this session: Medical treatment records Animal evaluation Feed processing protocols Husbandry, handling and euthanasia

Many other benefits of training

Training Animal Caretakers

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Note: All training of animal caretakers should be documented

PTSDR: An Effective Training Method

repareP ell T howS oD eviewRShare the information needed to complete the task

Focus on the objectives to achieve with a training program

Demonstrate how to complete a specific taskAllow individuals to practice the task

Evaluate performance and give useful feedback

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Conduct a PQA Plus Site Assessment to set benchmarks and measure animal well-being

Review results with your veterinarian and/or PQA Plus Advisor

Complete a PQA Plus site assessment every three years

Complete an internal site assessment annually

Conducting Animal Well-being Assessments

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Once a site assessment occurs, develop an action plan to address areas needed for improvement/correction

For areas that can be addressed relatively quickly, document what action was taken to correct the issue.

For areas that require extra capital or time to correct, document a detailed description of how you plan to correct the issue and a timeline for expected implmentation.

Develop and Implement an Action Plan

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3rd Party evaluations (audits) Evaluator should have no conflict of interest Auditor role is not advisory

The PQA Plus third-party verification is anevaluation of theeffectiveness and implementation of the PQA Plus program principles

Verification

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Sample Test Items for GPP#10 True or False? Caretakers that are trained on how to look for

trends in medical records of animals can help identify strategies to improve herd health. A. True B. False

In which stage of the PTSDR method does the trainer discuss the information needed in order to complete the task? A. Prepare B. Show C. Do D. Tell

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Thank you!