catalog protection against nuisance tripping voltage surge

Electrical Installation Continuity of supply

Protection against nuisance tripping and voltage surge

A range for sensitive installations bringing you peace of mind

Catalogue 2007

� november 2006

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Content

PAGE1. Nuisance tripping and continuity of supply 5

�. Disturbances in distribution systems 6-11

�. The different technologies 12-183.1. Standard RCD and RCCB 123.2. Super Immune RCD and RCCB, Si and SiE 133.3. Type B RCD 143.4. Automatic Recloser 153.5. Advanced earth leakage protection: Vigirex 16-18

4. The Applications 19-23 4.1. Lighting and priority loads 19

4.2. People safety in low temperature conditions 19 4.3. Computer and nuisance tripping 20 4.4. Lighting and nuisance tripping 21 4.5. Variale speed controllers and nuisance tripping 22 4.6. Continuity of supply in hazardous environment 23 4.7. Remote sites and transient faults 23 4.8. Advanced earth leakage protection 23

5. Which protection to use? 24-25

6. Catalogue numbers 26-57 6.1. Si and SiE ranges 26-29

6.2. Type B range 30-32 6.3. RED range 33-37 6.4. REDs range 38-41 6.5. REDtest range 42-46 6.6. Vigirex range 48-57

7. Voltage surges 58-62

8. Lightning risk 63-66

9. Overvoltage protection devices 67-73

10. Surge protection selection guide 74-75

11. Chosing surge arresters for LV networks 76-89

1�. Catalogue numbers surge arresters 90-104 12.1. Fixed type 2 LV surge arresters 90-93

12.2. Withdrawable type 2 LV surge arresters 94-97 12.3. Type 1 surge arresters 98-101 12.4. Telecommunication and computer equipments surge arresters 102 12.5. Connection kit for surge arresters 103-104 12.6. Dimensions surge arresters 105-107

Index 108

Low voltage electrical networks are increasingly subject to disturbances which deform the distributed sine wave.

These disturbances can be:b External, coming from the medium or low voltage upstream network.b Internal, on the low voltage network.

These disturbances interfere with the operation of devices connected to the network, especially electronic devices, but also standard residual current devices (RCD).Residual current devices are an efficient means for ensuring people’s protection against low voltage electrical risks resulting from direct or indirect contact.

The disturbances can have two effects on the residual current devices:b Nuisance tripping, when people’s safety is not threatened: deterioration in continuity of supply b Blinding, that is residual current devices failing to trip when there is a danger to

people’s safety downstream: people’s safety is no longer guaranteed

In the face of these relatively new risks, users are increasingly demanding. As blinding is obviously critical, since it affects people’s lives, nuisance tripping can have major consequences.

Example: stoppage of industrial processes, motors, cold rooms, etc.

1. Nuisance tripping and continuity of supply

Disturbances on low voltage electrical networks and earth leakage protection

Data center

Industrial plant

Hospital

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Residual current devices detect earth leakage currents. Earth leakage currents can be caused by different types of disturbances which make the residual current devices sensitive:

b External disturbances, essentially surges and harmonics, such as: v lightning surges, the amplitude of which is among the greatest. v switching surges, linked to the opening and closing of capacitive circuits

(capacitor banks) or inductive circuits (motors) located on other installations. v power frequency surges, such as:

- phase-to-phase insulation faults, - cable breaks, - flashover of an MV spark-gap,

v harmonic voltages produced by the devices connected to the MV network, such as: - arc furnaces, - saturated reactors, etc..

b Another external disturbance: v very low temperature (-25°C) causing the desensitisation of the residual

current devices.b Internal disturbances, on the LV network are the cause of earth leakage cur-

rents: v switching surges, such as: short-circuit current breaking and the opening and

closing of RLC circuits cause transient surges. v constant load leakage currents, both at power frequency and high frequency,

in the presence of high frequency generators. v harmonic currents and voltages generated by an increasing number of loads.

Example of loads and environments causing disturbances:b Some loads generate: v 50 Hz constant leakage currents: standard fluorescent lighting or with electro-

nic ballast, household appliances, convectors, Hi-fis, videos, computers, etc. v high frequency transient leakage currents: fluorescent lighting with electronic

ballast, luminous signs, computers, etc., v leakage currents with pulsed DC type component:

variable speed, lighting and power controllers, power electronics, etcb Lightening and the operation of upstream power devices generate transient

surges.Loads generating high frequency currents (higher than several kHz) do not in themselves present any electrocution risk for people. However, they can cause the blinding of the residual current device and prevent it from working when there are other faults, which can then call people’s safety into question.These disturbances cause risks:b Of nuisance tripping deteriorating continuity of supply.b Of non-tripping which means that people’s safety can no longer be guaranteed.

Disturbances Nuisance tripping Blinding (non tripping) 50 Hz constant leakage currents n

HF transient leakage currents n n

Leakage currents with pulsed DC component n n

Lightening surges n

Switching surges n

Very low temperatures n

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�. Disturbances in distribution systems

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Cable leakage capacitanceThe stray capacitance of the cables is the cause of a continuous leakage current, called the “natural leakage current”, because a part of the current in the capacitors does not return to the source in the live conductors.

This leakage current “spreads” throughout the entire installation.The general level of the capacitance between a cable and earth is 150 pF/m.For three-phase equipment, any dissymmetry between the phases reinforces these phenomena.

Load leakage capacitanceNon-linear loads, primarily those with static rectifiers, draw low-frequency and high-frequency harmonics. To limit the electromagnetic disturbances and comply with the EM requirements contained in the IEC 61000 standards, these loads are equipped with RFI filters that are directly earthed. These filters increase the continuous earth-leakage current. This leakage current is called the “intentional leakage current”.Note: this phenomenon is amplified by the presence of low-frequency harmonic voltages which increase the flow of common-mode currents.

Disturbances in distribution systems

Earth-leakage current

Continuous leakage current due to stray capacitances of conductors (dotted lines).

Capacitances between live conductors and earth.

The capacitors installed at the input of electronic equipment have a capacitance of approximately 10 to 100 nF.Note: in the IT system, additional precautions must be taken when installing RFI filters.

Leakage capacitance / approximate values

Component Differential-mode Common-mode capacitance capacitance

Standard cable (not shielded) 20 pF/m 150 pF/m

Shielded cable 30 pF/m 200 pF/m

Shielded cable 30 pF/m 200 pF/m

Frequency converter x 100 µF 10 to 100 nF (with rectifier)

PC, printer, cash register x 10 µF 10 nF (with rectifier)

Fluorescent lighting 1 µF /10 W 1 nF (compensation capacitor) (electronic ballast)

Overvoltages / approximate values

Type Amplitude (xUn) Duration Frequency or kV or rise time

Insulation fault y 1.7 30 - 1000 ms 50 Hz

Switching 2 - 4 1 - 100 ms 1 - 200 kHz

Lightning 2 to 8 kV (1) 1 - 100 µs 1 µs

Electrostatic 8 kV 1 - 10 µs 25 µs

The environment and the loads of a low-voltage electrical distribution system generate three major types of disturbances that impact on the earth-leakage currents in the system.

n OvervoltagesLightning, switching overvoltages

Harmonic spectrum of the current.

Residual current following operation of a switch.

Example of a common-mode disturbance.

(1) Depending on the position in the installation.

These overvoltages, via the natural leakage capacitance of the system, cause more or less high transient leakage currents.

n Harmonic currentsThese low and high-frequency currents may reach high values (see the harmonic spectrum in the diagram opposite). These harmonic currents must be taken into account when calculating the natural and/or intentional earth-leakage current and setting a threshold for RCDs that does not provoke malfunctions.

n Waveform of the fault currentsIn addition to the earth-leakage current problems, fault currents with a DC component may arise if an insulation fault occurs. The RCD must not be “disturbed” or “blinded” by this type of fault.

Consequences for use of RCDsThese phenomena create considerable earth-leakage currents (transient or continuous). The RCD must not react to these leakage currents when they are not dangerous.It is necessary to adjust the protection setting for people for indirect contacts, taking into account the prospective leakage current.

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Disturbances in distribution systems

RCD-device settings in installations with high leakage current.TT systemn maximum current setting I∆n1It is first necessary to check the earthing resistance (RT) of the exposed conductive parts of the connected loads. The maximum setting value for RCD I∆n1 is provided by UL/RT (where UL is equal to 50 V for standard environments and 25 V for humid environments).

n minimum current setting I∆n�It is then necessary to determine for the various parts of the installation protected by a given RCD the natural leakage current (low because the leakage capacitances are balanced) and the intentional leakage current (caused by the load filters). The table below provides typical values for the leakage currents of loads causing particularly high levels of disturbances.If II is the value in question, the minimum setting I∆n2 of the RCDs is 2 II.Note: with the specific factory setting and the operating tolerances under worst-case conditions (temperature, auxiliary-source voltage, etc.), Vigirex can be used with a guaranteed non-operating threshold of 0.8 I∆n . The minimum setting for a Vigirex devices can be as low as II /0.8, i.e. 1.25 x II .

n table for leakage currents

Electrical equipment Measured leakage current (mA)

Fax machine 0.5 to 1

Printer <1

Workstation 1 to 3(UC, screen and printer)

Photocopy 0.5 to 1.5machine

Floor heating 1 mA / kW

Single-phase and three-phase filters 1 mA / load

Electrical equipment Measured leakage current (mA)

Class II All equipment 0.25

Class I Portable 0.75

Class I A-type fixed or mobile 3.5

Class I B-type fixed 3.5 or 5 % In

n I∆n2 << I∆n1 (slightly disturbed system)There are no problems with malfunctions if the discrimination rules are observed.n I∆n2 ≈ I∆n1 to avoid nuisance tripping. There are three possible solutions: v segment the installation to reduce the leakage currents in each part v install an isolating transformer for sets of loads causing particularly high levels

of disturbances v set up the TN-S system for all or a part of the installation. This is possible if the

disturbing loads can be identified and located (the case for computer equipment).

IT systemThe major characteristic of the IT system is its capacity to continue operation after a first insulation fault. However, this insulation fault, though not dangerous, causes a leakage current in the natural capacitances (high because unbalanced) and intentional capacitances. This current may reach or exceed 1 A. If RCDs are required, they must imperatively be set to a value double that of the leakage current (see § 531.2.5 of standard IEC 60364-553).

n table for leakage currents depending on system capacitance

Table drawn from figure 5 in the Cahier Technique document 178.

Note: 1 ∆F is the typical leakage capacitance of 1 km of four-core cable.

For a load causing high leakage currents, the installation segmenting technique mentioned above is often used.

System leakage capacitance (mF) 1st fault current (A)

1 0.07

5 0.36

30 2.17

Distribution system in a factory with a TNS segment for the management IT system.

IMD: insulation-monitoring device.

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�. The different technologies

�.1. Standard residual current devicesOperationn Principle: v measurement of the sum of currents flowing through the conductors in a

circuit, v opening the contacts on the residual current device if this vector sum goes

over a pre-determined value: sensitivity I∆n = 30 mA, 100 mA, 300 mA, etc.

Technical dataThe majority of the residual current devices in the multi9 range have their own cur-rent technology, with the power of the fault causing the tripping. This is a safer solution which does not depend on an external source likely to fail.

n RCDs are made up of three main parts: v The toroid, in ferromagnetic material, detects and senses the power and

determines the fault current. Its primary winding is made up of one or several phases and the neutrol phase to be protected. It works as follows: In normal mode, the vector sum of the currents in this circuit is zero. If there is a fault, it ceases being zero, a current is induced into the secondary coil and acts on the tripping relay if it is higher than the sensitivity threshold.

v An eventual interface which deals with the recovered image of the fault current.

v An electromechanical relay which allows the tripping and therefore the opening of the contacts.

n Standard RCD toroidsThese only detect classic alternating earth leakage currents. They are insensitive to rectified (pulsed) currents with or without DC component. These currents are as dangerous as alternating currents because they generate the same contact voltage.According to the Faraday law, any ∆Φ2 variations in the flux generated by the magnetic field causes an induced voltage:

The curve in figure 1 shows a leakage of alternating current (AC) generating a ∆Φ1 variation which creates a residual current high enough to activate the relay. A leakage of rectified DC current does not have a negative component. The to-roid’s hysteresis cycle is incomplete and ∆Φ2 too weak to generate a voltage high enough to activate the relay. n Protection against surges leading to overcurrents in common modeAll of Merlin Gerin’s standard residual current devices are protected against surges in accordance with the UNE-EN 61008 and UNE-EN 61009 standards, which request the following tests: v 0.5µ/100kHz type standardised dampened overcurrent wave corresponding

to the type of current which is leaking through the installation capacitors in the case of surges due to the connection of capacitive circuits.

v test of 8/20µs type standardised impulse current following surges caused by a 1.2/50µs type lightening stroke. In concrete terms, instantaneous standard devices withstand tests involving current peaks from 250 A 8/20µs type to 3,000 A (selective).

E = -N dφdt

The hysteresis curve It represents the energy which can be generated within the magnetic materials by the residual current. Each material has its own hysteresis curve. Each type of RCD has its own curve.

Principle of the standard range

PhN

relay

actuator

NC contact

toroid

IH

AC

DCB

∆Φ2

∆Φ1

t

leak

Mono half wave

Standard RCD toroid curve

FIGURE 1

�.�. Super immune type residual current devicesOperationn Principle:

The technology of the "Si" and "SiE" range, based on the same operating prin-ciple as the technology of the standard range, is specially designed to withs-tand increasingly frequent disturbances.

Technical datan "Si" and "SiE" type RCD toroidsThese solve the problem of non-activation of the relay in the case of a leakage of pulsated DC current. Figure 2 shows an operating diagram for a magnetic toroid core with a flat, longer hysteresis curve, which increases the following ratio:

In this case, the residual current generated is high enough to activate the relay. This is one of the features of the "Si" and "SiE" type residual current devices.Variations close to the alternating or pulsed residual current are high enough to generate the same amount of power. n Electronic filteringMajor upgrading of the electronic filtering system for the treatment of the electrical signal in the range of Merlin Gerin "Si" and "SiE" type residual current devices has improved performance compared with standard products in the following areas:

v Influence of surges The new instantaneous residual current devices in the "Si" and "SiE" range

can withstand levels much higher than those defined in the IEC 61008 and IEC 61009 standards and can withstand the majority of transient overcurrents caused by lightening discharges without tripping. This circuit means that the most common types of nuisance tripping, caused by operations on the network which, like the preceeding operations, are transmitted by the line capacitors and load filters, can be avoided.

v Influence of high frequencies These are generated and sent to earth by the filters on some loads, such as

fluorescent lighting electronic reactors, motor variable speed controllers, elec-tronic dimmers, etc. Two problems may arise with standard residual current devices, depending on the number of loads installed: - nuisance tripping, - non-tripping through blinding.

The high frequency filters in the new "Si" and "SiE" range mean that nuisance tripping can be avoided. The EMC design of the interface means that blinding in the presence of high frequencies can be avoided.

v Tripping relays The tripping relay on the residual current device continuously receives an

electrical signal from the toroidal transformer which presents a continuous risk of nuisance tripping or blocking.

In the "Si" and "SiE" range, the signal will not reach the relay unless all of the filters "authorise" the tripping. The final tripping action is managed by the verification and tripping circuit.

v The stability of the trip threshold in relation to low temperatures is guaran-teed by the choice of the toroid’s magnetic material as well as an appropriate electronics/relay configuration.

"Si" and "SiE" type RCD toroid curve

Principe of the "Si" and

∆Φ1

∆Φ2

The technology of the "Si" and "SiE" range presents significant advantages in terms of withstanding disturbances thanks to its main developments on toroids and electronic filtering. It therefore reaches higher performance levels than those defined in standards.

PhN

relay

interface

NC contact

toroid

Clean room, electronics, etc.

H

B

∆Φ1

t

∆Φ2

∆Φ2

∆Φ1∆Φ2

: under single-alternating current

: under alternating fault current

FIGURE 2

The different technologies

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v "SiE" type RCD range The live parts of the relay are insensitive to corrosion thanks to a dual pro-

tective barrier: - a patented anti-corrosion coating (amorphous carbon) on the live parts of

the relay ensures reliable products irrespective of the polluting or corrosive substances present in the environment,

- a seal for tightness protects the relay from aggressive environments. After tests conducted as per standard IEC 68-2-60 (gas mixtures - industrial

environment), chloramine tests (swimming pool environment) and damp heat tests (greenhouse environment), the SiE RCDs have a withstand that is 100 times greater than conventional solutions.

�.�. Type B RCD technology:n Fault with a DC component: B type earth leakage protectionConventional protection devices are suitable for measuring AC fault currents. However, fault currents with a DC component may arise if an insulation fault occurs with three-phase rectified current . The RCD must not be "disturbed" or "blinded" by this type of fault.

The main difficulty is to measure the fault current with a DC component, as this can saturate the magnetic circuit and reduce the sensitivity of measurements. In this case, there is the risk that a dangerous fault current might not be detected. To avoid this problem and ensure that the toroid provides an accurate output signal, it is necessary to use a magnetic material that does not have a horizontal saturation curve, with low residual induction. With such a technology, RCD device will not be blinded by this DC component : this is the B type earth leakege protection.

These devices are suitable for all types of current and are required, in particular, for rectified three-phase currents.

Those currents can be created by :– regulators and variable speed drives– UPS and battery chargers

And the main applications for B type RCDs will then be :– mobile installations (cranes) – chargers, UPS, machine tool, equipments laboratory– elevators, escalators– buildings for medical care (ex: x-ray equipment)


Leakage current between 1 phase and earth

3-phase Leakage current between 1 phase and earth - linked to a D C leakage current, this explaining why it is not crossing the zeroline

�.4. Recloser Automatic Device: the RED technology Increasingly more installations are isolated and do not have any supervisory per-sonnel (telecom relay, cold room, second home). Should a protection device trip, downtime is lengthy and maintenance costs high.

A large number of trippings are due to transient faults. The RED provides a solution to quickly put the installation back into operation, in optimum safety conditions

Transient faults are often due to environmental conditions that damage insulation on a temporary basis (humidity, arcing due to dust, nuisance animals, etc.)At the time of the fault there is a real danger. Tripping is thus normal (when the fault has disappeared, the danger also disappears).However, tripping of the earth leakage protection device and the power sup-ply breaking that follows appearance of this fault may be a problem if it is not detected quickly enough or in the absence of human presence. Automatic reset-ting allows reclosing of the earth leakage protection device and restoration of the power supply without operator action.

Prior to any attempt to put back into operation, the RED tests insulation. Safety conditions are thus optimum.If the fault has disappeared, the installation can be put back into operation.If the fault persists, the circuit remains open and an alarm indicates this fact.

Automatic reset operating principle

1. Tripping of the earth leakage protection further to a fault.2. Checking leakage current absence (setting to faulty status if permanent fault).

Most rival offers do not perform such preliminary insulation monitoring. The RED calculates downstream circuit insulation resistance. This value must be greater than the critical threshold:

• RED 30 mA : 120 kOhm• REDtest 30 mA: 120 kOhm• REDs 30 mA: 10 kOhm• REDs 300 mA: 2 kOhm 3. Automatic resetting if the fault has disappeared.

RED set to faulty status and alarm after 3 unsuccessful resetting attempts. The circuit then remains open.

4. Installation put back into operation without human intervention.

Check

2. Insulation monitoring

No fault

3. Resetting

4. Resumption of operation

1. Tripping on an insulation fault After 3

unsuccessful attempts

OFF + indication OFF + indication

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�.5. Advanced earth leakage protection: the Vigirex technologyVigirex residual-current devices (RCDs) with appropriate settings provide effective protection of life and property. The characteristics of the relay / toroid combination ensure reliable measurements.Schneider Electric guarantees the safe clearing of faults by Vigirex relays set to 30 mA and combined with any of its circuit breakers rated up to 630 A. The reinforced insulation of Vigirex relays (overvoltage category IV, the most severe) makes direct connection possible at the head of the installation or on the upstream busbars without any additional galvanic isolation.Vigirex has a self-testing capabilities. Failure of the detection circuit is signalled and may be used to trip the circuit breaker. The LEDs in front can also be used to check operation at any time.

Vigirex also come with advance feature that can greatly improve electrical continuity of service:

Reduced tripping tolerancesVigirex relays trip between 0.8 and 1 x I∆n, thus increasing immunity to nuisance tripping by 60 % compared to the residualcurrent protection requirements of standard IEC 60947-2 annex M.

The standards indicate the preferred values for the residual operating current settings.Operating current I∆n in A:0.006 – 0.01 – 0.03 – 0.1 – 0.3 – 0.5 – 1 – 3 – 10 – 30.To take into account the tolerances (temperature, dispersion of components, etc.), the standards indicate that an RCD device set to an I∆n value must:v not operate for all fault currents y I∆n/2v operate for all fault currents u I∆n.

The technologies employed for Vigirex devices guarantee dependable non-operation up to 0.8 I∆n.Standard IEC 60947-2 annex M allows manufacturers to indicate the level of non-operation if it differs from the general rule.

Filtering of harmonic frequenciesFrequency converters, such as variable speed drives, generate high levels of high frequency leakage currents. During normal operation, these leakage currents are not a danger to users. Frequency filtering by Vigirex residual current relays ensures maximum protection against insulation faults and a particularly high level of conti-nuity of service.

n non-dangerous leakage currents v frequency converters cause the most specific leakage currents to analyse.

The voltage waveform generated by the frequency converter and in particular the voltage fronts caused by IGBT switching result in the flow of high-frequency leakage currents in the supply cables.

These currents may reach levels of several tens or hundreds of milliamperes (rms value).n dangerous faultsStandard IEC 60479 indicates the sensitivity of the human body depending on the frequency. Consequently, the table in question shows that: v protection for people at the power frequencies 50/60 Hz is the most critical

case v the use of filters corresponding to the “desensitisation curve” ensures perfect

safety.The figure below shows the result of the filters on Vigirex in reducing the effects of the harmonic currents and malfunctions due to transient currents.

Flow of leakage currents in a frequency converter.

Frequency factor for the fibrillation threshold (IEC 60749-2).

Limiting values of the natural leakage currents downstream of a rectifier.

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Rms measurementsVigirex devices carry out rms measurements on the zero-sequence currents. This is the means to: n accurately measure the harmonic currents and avoid nuisance tripping due to

non-dangerous currents with high crest factorsn correctly calibrate the energies of the fault currents because, for both fire

hazards and the protection of property, it is the energy of the fault current that must be taken into account.

Inverse-time tripping curveDuring circuit energisation, the inverse-time tripping curve makes it possible to avoid nuisance tripping of the residual-current protection system by false zero phase sequence currents caused by: n high transient currents of certain loads (e.g. motors, LV/LV transformers, etc.) n the charging of capacitances between active conductors and earth.

Protection for people requires the use of non-delay type relays. These relays must comply with standards to ensure safety. Standards IEC 60947-2 annex M and IEC 60755 indicate the preferred values for the operating-current setting.They stipulate the maximum break time depending on the residual fault current.See table B in B.4.2.4.1 in standard IEC 60947-2 annex M.

If = I∆n 2 I∆n 5 I∆n 10 I∆nTime Tps 0.3 s 0.15 s 0.04 s 0.04 s

Key: Time Tps: total time required to break the current (including the time for the associated protection device to open) If: leakage current I∆n: residual operating current setting

For devices set to 30 mA, 5 I∆n can be replaced by 0.25 A, in which case 10 I∆n is replaced by 0.5 A.

Vigirex uses this type of response curve to manage the false fault currents caused by switching in of loads (transformers, motors).

Schneider guarantees all the above break times for a Vigirex combined with its circuit breakers rated up to y 6�0 A, particularly when set to �0 mA.

Guaranteed non-operation up to 0.8 I∆nThis function equipping Vigirex relays significantly increases (from 0.5 I∆n to 0.8 I∆n) the immunity of relays to continuous leakage currents, both natural and intentional.

Standardised RCD response curve as per the table.

Leakage-current curve for switching in of a load with leakage capacitance.

4. The applications

4.1. Lightning and priority loads

Protect your priority loads (freezer, PC, etc.) from tripping linked to lightening.

Comfortable operation and peace of mind

n Extreme atmospheric conditions When lightening falls close to a block of flats or building, the network is subjected to a voltage wave which generates transient leakage currents through cables or filters. These leakage currents can cause nuisance tripping, depending on the intensity, the closeness of impact and the characteristics of the electrical installation.

n Solutions:To ensure continuity of supply on essential circuits, while at the same time ensuring safety in the case of atmospheric disturbances, the following must be combined: v a surge arrester, which protects sensitive loads against lightening surges, v a circuit breaker with upstream selective s 300/500 mA RCD, to ensure

complete differential discrimination, v a downstream 30 mA Si type residual current device, which is insensitive to

this type of leakage.

Circuit breaker with selective 300/500 mA RCD

ID 30 mA ID 30 mA ID 300 mA

Surge arrester

Circuit breakers

Essential circuits (Freezer, PC, etc.)

Circuit breakers

Circuit breakers

Specialised circuits (washing machine, dishwasher, etc.)

Other circuits

4.�. Ensuring people’s safety in low-temperature conditionsSi range has been designed to ensure people’s safety by preventing the residual current device from blocking at low temperatures. n Extreme atmospheric conditions Examples: outdoor domestic enclosures and winter caravan camping, etc.. n Solutions: The residual current devices in the range work in temperature of up to -�5°C.This range therefore means more comfort and safety for users.

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4.�. Computing and nuisance tripping

Increasing the number of computer loads per circuit and avoiding information losses linked to power cuts.

In concrete terms:Thanks to "Si" type residual current devices, you can increase the number of computer stations connected from 2 to 5.

Economical installation and operating peace of mind

Installations including computers, printers or office workstations

n Phenomenon:In order to be in line with European directives on electromagnetic compatibility, several manufacturers have included interference filters in their computers. These filters generate constant leakage currents of 50Hz, of the order of 0.5 to 1.5 mA per device, depending on the type and brand. When there are several loads of this type on the same phase, the leakage currents add up vectorially.In the case of 3 phase loads, 2 phase leakages can be cancelled out depending on their balance and the leakages caused on each phase. n Consequences: nuisance trippingWhen the sum of the constant leakages reaches approximately 30% of the resi-dual current device’s rated sensibitivity threshold, any small surge or current peak (caused for example by the switching on of one or several computers on the same or another circuit) can cause nuisance tripping.

n Solutions: v dividing up the circuits Dividing up the circuits prevents a surplus of loads depending on the same conventional, single-phase residual current device. The figure of a maximum of 6 loads is achieved by starting from the following consideration: in the worst case, a leakage of 1.5 mA for each load, the total leakage is of 9 mA or 30% of the sensitivity threshold for the 30 mA residual current device. v using si residual current devicesThanks to its behaviour faced with transient currents, the "Si" range is specially recommended for installations with computer equipment.It means that a greater number of machines can be installed (a maximum of around 12 machines) with the same residual current device, without any nuisance

Circuit breaker with selective s 300/500 mA RCD

Standard

ID 30 mA

"Si" type 30 mA ID

Circuit breakers

Circuit breakers

2 computer stations max. Up to 5 workstations

Circuit

Recommended

The applications

Fluorescent lighting with electronic ballasts

4.4. Lighting and nuisance tripping

n Phenomenon:Electronic ballasts can be at the root of two types of problem: v high frequencies: Generating high-frequency currents injected into the network or escaping to

earth can cause the blinding of the relay which in turn can bring about: – a risk for people if there is a 50Hz fault at the same time. – nuisance tripping without any risks to people (no more continuity of supply). v switching peaks when switching on or off.If these high-frequency currents are weak (and do not block the residual current device), they will cause the tripping relay to be pre-sensibilised. If other ballast circuits are switched on, discharges occur between the capacitors of these circuits through frames connected to earth. A definitive sensitivity could then manifest itself which could cause nuisance tripping or the tripping of the residual current device. n Possible consequences (when conventional residual current devices are

used): v non-tripping There is a risk of non-tripping when a high level of high-frequency current is

reached for a single standard residual current device (corresponding to a large number of electronic ballasts, for example over 20 per single-phase circuit),

v nuisance tripping This occurs when the switching peaks or high frequency levels are high

(due to an overly large number of ballasts).

n Solutions: v using "Si" type residual current devices

These have been designed to prevent non-tripping and nuisance tripping in the case of high-frequency currents. The number of ballasts per residual current device is increased to 50 per phase.

v limiting the number of ballasts on each standard residual current device whenever necessary (less than 20 per phase).

Circuit breakers



ID "Si" 30 mAID 30 mA

20 ballasts max. up to 50 ballasts

Increase the number of lighting loads per circuit and prevent effects linked to lighting power cuts (panic, inconvenience, etc.)

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Standard Recommended

��

Loads and phenomena generating current peaks

n Switching on the low voltage networkSudden changes in voltage are caused by: v the switching on or off of conventional fluorescent devices (over 10 or 20

ballasts cause problems), v sudden operations on the network, v the tripping of an automatic device on another circuit, v a fuse blowing, v any electrical arc generated on the network (motor, contactor, switch, etc.).All of the capacities of an installation (loads’ electronic filters), associated with the cable capacities, convey a transient leakage current with each sudden change in voltage, thus giving rise to nuisance tripping. The residual current devices in the "Si" range are perfect for this type of instal-lation because they can withstand high levels of transient current and therefore avoid nuisance tripping.

n Starting up motorsThe high peaks generated when a motor is started up cause the nuisance tripping of the residual current device. We recommend that you use the "Si" range (when the start up peak is 6 times higher than the normal current) and that you increase the calibration of the residual current device (if the peaks are 10 times higher than the rated current).

Variable motor speed controllers, dimmers, etc.

n Phenomenon: v High frequencies in the installationHigh frequencies, sent to earth or transmitted onto the network, can be responsi-ble for the residual current device not tripping. They are also the cause of nuisance tripping when their RMS value is low and they are superimposed with constant 50 Hz leakages. Variable motor speed controllers are loads which can generate high-frequency current leakages and transmit them onto the network. Dimmers can give rise to the same phenomenon, especially when the power goes over 3,000 W in terms of light dimming. In some installations, several types of loads can cause high frequencies, even if the power of each load is not very high. The effects of each of the loads add up and lead to the residual current device’s inability to operate. v These loads bring about the risk of faults on pulsed DC currents.

n Possible consequences: v nuisance tripping,

v non-tripping.

n Solutions: v dividing up the circuit It is recommended that the circuit be divided up whenever possible. v "Si" or "B" type protectionThe "Si" and "B" ranges are the only ones designed to ensure safety and conti-nuity of supply at the same time while preventing the residual current device’s inability to operate and nuisance tripping.u

v put the "Si" or "B" type protection upstream from the controller

– "Si" type for single phase circuit – "B" type for three phase circuit

4.5. Choosing safety and operating peace of mind for your variable speed controllers

Motor circuit-breaker

Circuit breaker with selective 300/500

mA RCD

"Si"for 1P and "B" for 3P ID

IDID

Circuit breakers

Ventilator

Lighting

5612 KL 21

5612 KL 21

1151 TR 73

4887 KI 69

4887 KI 69

4887 KI 69

9978 VR 01

3335 YU 56

9978 VR 01

4131 BU 57

9978 VR 01

8910 AD 28

9978 VR 01

8910 AD 28

5123 CE 66

9978 VR 01

3335 YU 56

1151 TR 73

5612 KL 21

5612 KL 21

8951 GH 56

Controller Altivar

The applications

4.6. Continuity of supply in hazardous environmentExample of sites exposed External influencesIron and steel industry, Presence of sulphur,steel works. sulphur containing fumes, hydrogen sulphide.

Marinas, trading ports, salty environments,ships, seasides damp outside environments,dockyards. low temperatures.

Swimming pools, hospitals, Chlorinated compounds.food-processing.

Petrochemistry. Hydrogen, combustion gases, nitrogen oxides.

Breeding farms, dumps. Sulphur-containing hydrogen.

For such applications, the SiE type will provide safe protection to the people, while still being immune to nuisance tripping.

CONSEQUENCES

Corrosion

Standard residual current relay contact weiding

Non-tripping of the RCD

DANGER

The applications

4.7. Remote sites and transient faultsTransient faults affecting remote sites can cause serious electrical continuity problems, especially when those are not supervised. An automatic recloser RED will prove useful for :

Telecom relays Water or gas distribution Computer servers Secondary homes

RED can be a simple and efficient solution where power outage can not be accepted : Cold room and food store protection Lift protetion Public lighting, alarms Bank cash point ….

4.8. Advance earth leakage protection applicationsThe advance features of Vigirex allow perfect protection of people and goods while improving continuity of service. Its features can be useful for sensitive build-ing or process such as :

Hospitals Airports Pulp and Paper industry Steel plants Petrochemical plants Data centers Semiconductor plants

��

4

�4

Protection device Type AC A A si A SIE B RED Vigirex

ApplicationsCurrent uses b

Electronic loads, rectifiers, instruments, switch mode power supplies, variable speed controllers, etc... - b b b b b

EnvironmentDisturbed networks with: Risk of nuisance

tripping due to transient voltage surges

Lightning stroke, switchgear operating on the network...

b b b b b

High risk of nuisance tripping(*)

Close lightning strokes, IT earthing system, equipment incorporating interference filters (lighting, computer systems), variable speed controllers, frequency converters, electronic lighting ballasts

Enhanced continuity of supply

- - b b b b

Sources of blindness Presence of harmonics or high frequency rejections

Enhanced earth leakage protection

- - b b b (*)b

Presence of DC components: equipment incorporating diodes, thyristors, triacs (single phase)

- b b b b

Presence of DC components: equipment incorporating diodes, thyristors, triacs (three phase)

b

Low temperatures Use: -25°C - b b b b

Humid atmospheres and/or atmospheres polluted by aggressive agents

Swimming pools, marinas, agri-food industries, water treatment plants, industrial production sites, etc...

- - - b b

TrippingDue to sinusoidal AC residual currents

Whether they are applied quickly or increased slowly b b b b b b b

Due to continuous pulsed residual currents

- b b b b b b

Optimum contininuity of supply

Reduced tolerancesHospitals, Airports, Pulp and paper, Data centers, Petro Chemical plant, Steel industry Semi conductors

b

Inverse time monitoringb

Frequency filteringb

RMS measurementb

Which protection to use?

(*) Those nuisance tripping are an indirect efect of a close lightning stroke. However, direct effect of lightning which strokes directly on power lines can destroy equipment connected to it. In that case, only surge protection devices will protect the equipment.

Indirect effect of lightning --> nuisance tripping --> use of super-immune protection

Direct effect of lightning --> dangerous voltage surge --> use of surge protection device

Protection device Type AC A A si A SIE B RED Vigirex

ApplicationsCurrent uses b

Electronic loads, rectifiers, instruments, switch mode power supplies, variable speed controllers, etc... - b b b b b

EnvironmentDisturbed networks with: Risk of nuisance

tripping due to transient voltage surges

Lightning stroke, switchgear operating on the network...

b b b b b

High risk of nuisance tripping(*)

Close lightning strokes, IT earthing system, equipment incorporating interference filters (lighting, computer systems), variable speed controllers, frequency converters, electronic lighting ballasts

Enhanced continuity of supply

- - b b b b

Sources of blindness Presence of harmonics or high frequency rejections

Enhanced earth leakage protection

- - b b b (*)b

Presence of DC components: equipment incorporating diodes, thyristors, triacs (single phase)

- b b b b

Presence of DC components: equipment incorporating diodes, thyristors, triacs (three phase)

b

Low temperatures Use: -25°C - b b b b

Humid atmospheres and/or atmospheres polluted by aggressive agents

Swimming pools, marinas, agri-food industries, water treatment plants, industrial production sites, etc...

- - - b b

TrippingDue to sinusoidal AC residual currents

Whether they are applied quickly or increased slowly b b b b b b b

Due to continuous pulsed residual currents

- b b b b b b

Optimum contininuity of supply

Reduced tolerancesHospitals, Airports, Pulp and paper, Data centers, Petro Chemical plant, Steel industry Semi conductors

b

Inverse time monitoringb

Frequency filteringb

RMS measurementb

(*) Schneider Exclusivity: Type B additional coordination with Telemecanique variable speed drives to avoid nuisance tripping due to EMC problems

�5

5Vigi module

Vigirex module

�6

Level of RCDs’ electromagnetic compatibility- Protection against disturbances

test standard level test internal level required(IEC 6154�) required result Standard class Standard class Instantaneous type RCD approved instantaneous s type RCD RCD "Si" type "Si" type RCD

Voltage wave: 1.2/50µ (IEC 61000-4-5) Differential mode: 4 kV under 2 Ω 5.1.2 5 kV 5 kV 5 kV 5 kV Common mode: 5 kV under 2 Ω 8 kV 8 kV 8 kV 8 kV (T2.3)Rapid transient (IEC 61000-4-4) bursts (T2.2) 4 kV 5.1.2 4 kV 4 kV 4 kV 4 kVDampened current (IEC 61008-61009) sine wave (T2.4) 200 A 5.1.4 200 A 400 A 400 A 400 ACurrent wave (IEC 61008-61009) 8/20 µs for s type only 5.1.2 250 Â 3 kÂ 3 kÂ 5 kÂ 10/1,000 µs - 0 Â 10 Â 1.5 Â > 200 Â Electrostatic (IEC 61000-4-2) discharges in the air: 8 kV 5.1.3 8 kV 8 kV 8 kV 8 kV (T3.1) on contact: 6 kV 6 kV 6 kV 6 kV 6 kV

Technical dataThe Merlin Gerin range has characteristics which are highly superior to those of the standard range and is therefore more capable of withstanding disturbances.

6. The "Si" and "SiE" range

Product characteristics DPN N Vigi ID Vigi C60 Vigi C1�0 Vigi NG 1�5 "Si" and "SiE" "Si" and "SiE" "Si" and "SiE" "Si" and "SiE" "Si" ≤ 80A 100/125A

Electrical dataCurve C - - -IDm (A) residual breaking capacity 6,000 2,500 same as associated circuit-breaker Icn (A) rated breaking capacity 6,000 - same as associated circuit-breaker Icu ultimate breaking capacity in 7.5 - -accordance with IEC 60947.2 (KA) - Insulation voltage (kV) - - 2 (NF C-150) - 690Degree of protection - of terminal IP 20 IP 20 IP 20 IP 20B - of front face IP 40 IP 40 IP 40 IP 40DCurrent limiting class 3 3 - Test operating limit 115/264 (2P) 102/176 90 (V CA) (min./max.) 104/264 176/456 (4P) 115/240 Supply voltage tolerance -15% +10% -15% + 10% -15% +10% -20% +10% -20% +10%Operating frequency (Hz) 50… 60 50… 60 50 AC class: 50… 60 50… 60Electrical endurance ≤ 20 A: 20,000 10,000 20,000 - 10,000 10,000 (O/C cycles) 25 A: 25,000 32 A: 10,000 40 A: 6,000

s

CatalogueNumbers

Auxiliaries and accessories

Merlin Gerin offers you a whole range of add-on auxiliaries and accessories which can be simply and easily integrated into electrical systems:

Auxiliaries AccessoriesO/F auxiliary contact (open/closed) Comb busbarSD fault indicating switch Bars of clip-on markersMX + OF shunt release Padlocking facilityMN or MNs undervoltage release Terminal shield Screw shieldPlease contact your representative for more information.

Product characteristics (cont.) DPN N Vigi ID Vigi C60 Vigi C1�0 Vigi NG1�5 "Si" "Si" and "SiE" "Si" and "SiE" "Si" and "SiE" "Si" and "SiE" ≤ 80A 100/125A

Mechanical data

Tunnel terminals with guard -flexible cable 10 mm 35 mm2 50 mm2 1.5 to 35 mm2 35 mm2

≤ 25 16 mm2 ≤ 63 25 mm2 -hard cable 16 mm2 50 mm2 - 1 to 50 mm2 50 mm2

≤ 25 25 mm2

≤ 63 - 35 mm2

Tightening torque (N.m) 3.5 3.5 3.5 ≤ 25 A: 2 ≤ 63 A: - 3.5 -Mounting method: on 35 mm symmetrical rail n n on mounting plate n n on mounting plate

Self-extinguishing: - on insulating parts connected to a potential in accordance with IEC 60695-2-1 960°C, 30 s 960°C, 30 s 960°C, 30 s 960°C, 30 s- on insulating parts not connected to a potential in accordance with IEC 60695-2-1 650°C, 30 s 650°C, 30 s 650°C, 30 s 650°C, 30 s Mechanical withstand capacity IEC 60947-2 - against impacts: in accordance with IEC 60068-2-6 n n n - against shaking: in accordance with IEC 60068-2-6 n n n Mechanical endurance (O/C cycles) 20,000 - off-load, IEC 60947-1 20,000 20,000 5,000 20,000 - on-load, IEC 61008, In x 0.9 10,000 - by test action, NF C 61-150 20,000 - by fault current, NF C 61-150 20,000 Fast closing n n - n n Isolation with positive break indication n n n n Environment

Operating temperature -25°C to +60°C -25°C to +40°C -25°C to +40°C -25 °C to +60°C -10 °C to +60 °C Storing temperature -40°C to +70°C -40°C to +70°C -25°C to +60°C -40 °C to +70°C -40 °C to +70 °CDamp heat in accordance with IEC 61008 n n n n

Tropicalisation treatment 2 (95% of relative humidity at 55°C in accordance with IEC 60068-2-30)

�7

6

�8

"Si" and "SiE" type RCCB-ID

type voltage rating sensitivity cat. no. width (V CA) (A) (mA) (module: 9 mm)

"Si" "SiE" 2P 240 25 30 23523 23300 4 40 30 23524 23307 4 40 300 s - 23314 4 63 30 23525 23352 4 63 300 s 23363 23355 4 80 300 s 23372 4

4P 415 25 30 23526 23377 8 40 30 23529 23379 8 40 300 s - 23398 8 63 30 23530 23383 8 63 300 s 23392 23401 8 80 30 23390 8 80 300 s 23394 8

A class RCCB-ID

type voltage rating sensitivity cat. no. width (A) (mA) (module: 9 mm)

2P 230 16 10 23415 4 25 10 23353 4 30 23354 4 300 23356 4 40 30 23358 4 300 23360 4 300 s 23265 4 63 30 23362 4 300 23364 4 300 s 23370 4 500 s 23371 4 80 300 s 23272 4 100 300 s 23279 4 4P 230/400 25 30 23378 8 300 23380 8 500 23381 8 40 30 23382 8 100 23304 8 100 s 23490 8 300 23384 8 300 s 23399 8 500 23385 8 63 30 23386 8 100 s 23494 8 300 23388 8 300 s 23402 8 500 23389 8 80 300 23326 8 300 s 23284 8 500 s 23376 8 100 300 s 23294 8

R

N

N

1

2

T

R

N

N

1

2

T

R

N

N

1

2

T

3

4

5

6

6.1. Selection tables

R

N

N

1

2

T

3

4

5

6

type voltage rating sensitivity cat. no. width (V) (A) (mA) (module: 9 mm)

�P "Si" "SiE" C60 230… 415 ≤ 25 30 26747 26700 3 ≤ 40 30 26761 26701 3 ≤ 40 300 s - 26716 3 ≤ 63 30 26774 26702 4 300 s 26779 26706 4 1000 s 26806 4

C120 230… 415 120 30 18591 7 300 18592 7 300 s 18556 7 500 18593 7 1,000 s 18557 7

�P C60 230… 415 ≤ 25 30 26751 6 ≤ 40 30 26764 26691 6 ≤ 63 30 26789 26721 7 300 s 26794 7 1000 s 26807 C120 230… 415 120 30 18594 18676 10 300 18595 18677 10 300 s 18558 10 500 18596 10 1,000 s 18559 10 NG 125 220… 415 125 30 19100 9 adjustable 19106 9

4P

C60 230… 415 ≤ 25 30 26756 26703 6 ≤ 40 30 26767 26704 6 ≤ 40 300 s - 26730 6 ≤ 63 30 26799 26705 7 300 s 26804 26707 7 1000 s 26808 26708 7 C120 230… 415 120 30 18597 18602 300 18598 18678 10 300 s 18560 18600 10 500 18599 10 1,000 s 18561 18601 10

NG 125 220… 415 125 30 19101 9 adjustable 19107 9

C60, C1�0 and NG 1�5 "Si" and "SiE" type Vigi modules

1 3

2 4

T

T1 3

2

5

4 6

T1 3

2 4

5 7

6 8

1 3

2 4

T

T1 3

2

5

4 6

T1 3

2 4

5 7

6 8

18594

�6756

19004

�6747

1859�

�9

6

�0

RCCB-ID �5...1�5 A, B type

Protection of people against direct and indirect contacts. Protection of installations against insulation faults. Control and isolation of on-load electrical circuits already protected against overloads and short-circuits.

PB

1016

16-5

5-1

16766

6.�. Description B type

B type

The RCCB-ID B type residual current circuit-breakers provide specific protection of three-phase installations and people even in the presence of DC fault currents on the network generated by:n three-phase controllers and variable speed drivesn three-phase battery chargers and invertersn three-phase backed-up power supplies.They are a requirement for three-phase supplied applications, when class l equipment installed downstream from the RCCB-ID are likely to produce DC component fault currents (pure DC fault) .

They include and also guarantee protection against fault currents:n sinusoidal AC residual currents (AC type)

n pulsed DC residual currents (A type).

They can be adapted, without exception, to all the application cases defined in standards IEC 60364 and EN 50178.The B type RCCB-ID combination with variable speed drives of the Telemecanique brand has been successfully tested and validated.

InstantaneousIt ensures instantaneous tripping (without time delay).

Selective sIt ensures total discrimination with a non-selective RCD placed downstream.

RCCB-ID �5...1�5 A, B typeTechnical data

Compliance with standards IEC 61008, EN 61008, VDE 0664Voltage rating 230/400 V AC, +10%, -15%Frequency rating 50 HzCurrent rating (In) 25, 40, 63, 80 or 125 AMaking and breaking capacity, rated residual current (I∆m = Im) as per standard IEC 61008

10 In with 500 A minimum

Protected against nuisance tripping due to transient overvoltages (lightning stroke, device switching on the network, etc.)Level of immunity in 8/20 µs wave 3 kÂ

Tripping time I∆n: ≤ 300 ms

5I∆n: ≤ 40 msShort-circuit current withstand (I∆c = Inc)

See the circuit-breaker or fuse coordination table with B type RCCB-ID

Number of operating cycles (O-C) Mechanical: > 5 000Electrical: > 2 000

Releases with fixed sensitivitiesfor all ratings

Instantaneous releaseSelective release s: allows total vertical discrimination with the 30 mA RCDs placed downstream

Test button Checks proper operation of the tripping mechanism Working range: 185...440 V AC

Indication of RCCB-ID status By 3-position toggle and mechanical indicator on the front face: closed (red indicator) tripped on fault (red indicator)open (green indicator) By OFsp auxiliary switch (optional)

Tropicalisation Treatment 2 (relative humidity 95% at 55°C)Operating temperature -25°C to +40°CStorage temperature -40°C to +60°CWeight (g) 500Degree of protection IP40 on front face

IP20 at terminalsConnection by tunnel terminal Flexible or rigid cable: 1 x 1.5 to 50 mm2 or

2 x 1.5 to 16 mm2

Catalogue Numbers


16766

16940

16939

Catalogue numbers

Type Voltage(V AC)

Rating(A)

Sensitivity(mA)

Width in mod. of 9 mm

Cat. no.

RCCB-ID residual current circuit-breakers4P 230/400 25 30 8 16750

300 8 1675140 30 8 1675�

300 8 1675�300s 8 16754500 8 16755

63 30 8 16756300 8 16757300s 8 16758500 8 16759

80 30 8 16760300 8 16761300s 8 1676�

125 30 8 1676�300 8 16764300s 8 16765500 8 16766

OFsp auxiliaryElectrical indication: by OFsp auxiliary mounted to the left. It has a double changeover switch indicating the “open” or “closed” position of the B type RCCB-ID

Weight (g) 40Connection by tunnel terminal Flexible or rigid cable: 0.5 to 1.5 mm2

Type Voltage(V AC)

Contact(A)


Cat. no.

OFsp 230 V AC (AC15) 6 1 16940230 V DC (DC13) 122

21

14

11

1222

21

14

11

12

Accessory4-pole sealable screw shield Prevents contact with device terminal screwsDegree of protection IP40

Type Number of poles

Cat. no.

Screw shield (set of 10 parts) upstream/downstream 4 169�9

�1

6

��


Coordination tables, max. short-circuit current (kA rms)Circuit-breakers / B type RCCB-ID coordination (IEC 60947-�)Circuit-breaker multi 9 Compact

C60N C60H C60L NG1�5a C1�0NC1�0H

NG1�5N NG1�5HNG1�5L

NS100 NS160

RCCB-ID, B type400/415 V network

25 A 10 15 25 7 7 15 15 440 A 10 15 20 7 7 15 15 4 4

63 A 10 15 15 7 7 15 15 4 480 A 5 7 15 15 4 4125 A 5 5 10 4

Ut > 1000 V

d To perform the dielectric test, disconnect terminals �, 5, 7 and 4, 6, 8.

gl or gG fuse (A)

16 �5 �� 40 50 6� 80 100 1�5

RCCB-ID, B type400/415 V network

25 A 100 10040 A 100 100 100 8063 A 100 100 100 80 50 3080 A 100 100 100 80 50 30 20125 A 100 100 100 80 50 30 20 10 10

Fuses / B type RCCB-ID coordination (IEC 60947-�)

RED, REDs, REDtestSelection table

The RED, REDs and REDtest REsidual current Devices offer the following functions:n protection of people against direct and indirect contactsn protection of installations against insulation faultsn disconnection of on-load electric circuits, already protected against overloads

and short-circuitsn automatic restart after insulation monitoring of the downstream circuitn automatic and periodical test of the device, without breaking downstream

circuit (REDtest).

Selection table

Type RED REDs REDtest

PB

1017

79-5

0

PB

1017

80-5

0

PB

1017

81-5

0

Technical dataEarth leakage protection compliance with standards IEC 61008, EN 61008

b b b

Current rating (In) 25, 40, 63 A 25, 40, 63 A 25, 40 ASensibility 30 mA 30, 300 mA 30 mAType A A A

Recloserb b with prolonged insulation monitoring b

Autotest- - b

Power supplyFrom the top b b b

From the bottom

b b -

IndicationMechanical By O-l (open-closed) 2-position lever By O-l (open-closed) 2-position lever By O-l (open-closed) 2-position leverLuminous 1 LED 2 LEDs 2 LEDsRemote - 1 built-in auxiliary contact 1 built-in auxiliary contact

CatalogueNumbers

��

6

�4

RED �5...6� A, A type30 mA

6.�. Description RED typeThe RED, REsidual current Device recloser, is made up of a residual current device and a recloser.

A type

The RED phase-to-neutral residual current devices provide A type earth leakage protection: tripping due to sinusoidal AC residual currents as well as by continuous pulsed residual currents, whether they are applied quickly or increased slowly.

RED �5...6� A, A typeCommon technical dataPower supply From top and bottomVoltage rating (Ue) 230 V AC, +10 %, -15 %Frequency rating 50 HzCurrent rating (ln) 25, 40, 63 AImpulse withstand voltage (Uimp) 4 kVInsulation voltage (Ui) 500 V8/20 µs wave immunity level 250 ÂTropicalisation Treatment 2 (relative humidity: 95 % at 55°C)Operating temperature -5°C to +40°CStorage temperature -20°C to +60°CWeight (g) 350Protection class IP20 at terminalsConnection by tunnel terminal with guard 25 mm2 flexible cable or 35 mm2 rigid cable

Mounting On DIN rail

Residual current deviceCompliance with standards IEC 61008, EN 61008Making and breaking capacity, rated residual current (I∆m=Im)

630 A

Breaking capacity in association with protection device

10.000 A (gL 63 A)

Tripping time I∆n : ≤ 300 ms5I∆n : ≤ 40 ms

Short-circuit current withstand (I∆c = Inc)

See coordination table of circuit-breaker or fuse with A type RED

Number of cycles (O-C) Mechanical: 1,000Fixed sensitivity releases for all ratings Instantaneous releaseTest button min operating voltage 100 V

Recloser technical dataMax duration of a restart cycle 90 sNumber of restart operations 15/hourMaximum number of consecutive restart attempts (if no earth fault)

3

Min interval between 2 closings 180 sInsulation fault presence monitoring YesRestart in event of transient insulation fault

Yes

Stopping restart cycle if insulation fault present

Yes

IndicationRED status indication Mechanical:

by O-l (open-closed) 2-position leverElectrical: by 1 red indicator light on the front panel

18681

PB

1017

79-5

0

Catalogue numbers

Type Voltage(V AC)

Rating(A)

Sensitivity(mA)


Cat. no.

RED residual current devices2P 230 25 30 8 18681 40 30 8 18683

63 30 8 18685

Coordination table, max short-circuit current (kA rms)Multi 9 circuit-breaker, fuse / A type RED coordination

Multi 9 circuit-breakers FuseC�� K60 DT40 DT40N C60 C1�0 NG1�5 gL 6�

RED A typeNetwork 230 VL/N

�5 A 4.5 6 6 6 6 10 10 640 A 4.5 6 6 6 6 10 10 66� A - - - - 6 10 10 6

OperationRecloserThe built-in automatic recloser automatically recloses the residual current device after checking insulation of the downstream circuit. If the circuit is faulty, then RCD reclosing is prohibited.

Residual current deviceThe RED operates in the residual current device mode without automatic restart when the sliding cover is open, i.e. to the right in the Auto Off position (Fig. 1).

The automatic restart mode is activated when the sliding cover is closed, i.e. to the left in the Auto On position (Fig. 2).

Testb this is only possible in manual mode, i.e. sliding cover open in the Auto Off position. You can then manually test the device by pressing the Test key. The downstream installation is then temporarily broken. You must then manually reclose the RED, by activating the O-l lever to power supply the downstream circuit.


Fig.1

Fig.2

�5

6

�6

LED :

R

R

F = 1 Hz

OFF

OFFOFF

ON

Yes

No

No

No

No

R

Yes

Yes

+

FAULT

CHECK

FAULT

OK�END

R

FAULT R

Yes

3 min

?

FAULT

?

? ?

CLACK

RCD �reclosing �

OK3rd reclosing �

attempt

Healthy installation Faulty installation

Power contact

Installation test

Operating spring loading

LED (operating status)

Downstream voltage

Tran

sien

t trip

ping

�fa

ult

Res

tart

�cy

cle

star

t

Res

tart

Faul

t

Perm

anen

t fau

lt �

dete

ctio

n an

d �

bloc

king

Slid

ing

cove

r�op

enin

g

Monitoring phase

Flashing

RED �5...6� A, A type 30 mA

Operation (cont.)Recloser

Operating diagram of the recloser

Operating and indicating diagram of a restart cycle:


Dimensions

�7

6

�8

REDs �5...6� A, A type 30 mA and 300mA

Protection of people against direct and indirect contacts. Protection of installations against insulation faults. Disconnection of on-load electric circuits, already protected against overloads and short-circuits. Automatic restart after insulation monitoring of the downstream circuit.

6.4. Description REDs The REDs, REsidual current Device recloser, is made up of a residual current device and a recloser.

A type

The REDs phase-to-neutral residual current devices provide A type earth leakage protection: tripping due to sinusoidal AC residual currents as well as by continuous pulsed residual currents, whether they are applied quickly or increased slowly.

18688

PB

1017

8+-5

0 REDs �5...6� A, A typeCommon technical dataPower supply From top and bottomVoltage rating (Ue) 230 V AC, +10 %, -15 %Frequency rating 50 HzCurrent rating (ln) 25, 40, 63 AImpulse withstand voltage (Uimp) 4 kVInsulation voltage (Ui) 500 V8/20 µs wave immunity level 250 ÂTropicalisation Treatment 2 (relative humidity: 95 % at 55°C)Operating temperature -5°C to +40°CStorage temperature -20°C to +60°CWeight (g) 360Protection class IP20 at terminalsConnection by tunnel terminal with guard 25 mm2 flexible cable or 35 mm2 rigid cableMounting On DIN rail


630 A


10.000 A (gL 63 A)

Tripping time I∆n : £ 300 ms

5I∆n : £ 40 msShort-circuit current withstand (I∆c = Inc)

See coordination table of circuit-breaker or fuse with A type REDs


Recloser technical dataMax duration of a restart cycle 90 sNumber of restart operations 15/hourMaximum number of consecutive restart attempts (if no earth fault)

3

Min interval between 2 closings 180 sInsulation fault presence monitoring YesRestart in event of transient insulation fault YesStopping restart cycle if insulation fault present

Yes, during 15 minutes

IndicationREDs status indication Mechanical:

by O-l (open-closed) 2-position leverElectrical: by 2 indicator lights on the front panel:left: red LEDright: green LED

Remote: by 1 built-in auxiliary contact

Auxiliary contact technical dataVoltage rating (Ue) 5...230 V AC/DCInsulation voltage (Ui) 350 VCurrent rating (ln) Min: 0.6 mA

Max: 100 mA, power factor = 1Type Configurable : NO or NC or intermittent 1 Hz

Connection by tunnel terminal Flexible or rigid cable: max 2.5 mm2

Catalogue Numbers

REDs �5...6� A, A type �0 mA

Type Voltage(V AC)

Rating(A)

Sensitivity(mA)


Cat. no.

REDs residual current devices2P 230 25 30 8 18687 300 8 18688

40 30 8 18689300 8 18690

63 30 8 18691300 8 18692

Multi 9 circuit-breakers FuseC�� K60 DT40 DT40N C60 C1�0 NG1�5 gL 6�

REDs A typeNetwork 230 VL/N

�5 A 4.5 6 6 6 10 10 10 640 A 4.5 6 6 6 10 10 10 66� A - - - - 10 10 10 6

Catalogue numbers

Coordination table, max short-circuit current (kA rms)

OperationRecloserThe built-in automatic recloser automatically recloses the residual current device after checking insulation of the downstream circuit. If the circuit is faulty, then RCD reclosing is prohibited. After a 15-minute time delay, downstream circuit insulation is checked again.There are then two possibilities:

n the installation is still faulty: in this case a new check will be carried out in 15 minutes.

The sequence is locally reported by a 5-second intermittent red Led and remotely reported by the auxiliary contact.

n the fault was temporary and has disappeared: the recloser automatically recloses the RCD.

Residual current deviceThe REDs operates in the residual current device mode without automatic restart when the sliding cover is open, i.e. to the right in the Auto Off position (Fig. 1).

The automatic restart mode is activated when the sliding cover is closed, i.e. to the left in the Auto On position (Fig. 2).

Test

n this is only possible in manual mode, i.e. sliding cover open in the Auto Off position. You can then manually test the device by pressing the Test key. The downstream installation is then temporarily broken. You must then manually reclose the REDs by activating the O-l lever to power supply the downstream circuit.

DB

1098

06

Fig. 1

DB

1098

06

�9

6

40

REDs �5...6� A, A type 30 mA and 300mA

LEDs :

R

RG

F = 1 Hz

R

OFF

OFFOFF

ON

Yes

No

No

No

No

R

Yes

+

CHECK

FAULT

OK�END

G

R

Yes

3 min15 minYes

R

5 s 5 s 5 s

FAULT

?

3rd reclosing �attempt

?

FAULT

?


OK �� ?

CLACK

Healthy installation Faulty installation�(3rd reclosig attempt)

Power contact

Installation test


Right LED (voltage presence)Left LED (operating status)

Auxiliary contact

Downstream voltage

Tran

sien

t trip

ping

�fa

ult

Res

tart

�cy

cle

star

t

Res

tart

Faul

t

Faul

t det

ectio

n �

and

bloc

king

Slid

ing

cove

r �op

enin

g

Monitoring phase

Flashing

Operation (cont.)Recloser

Operating diagram of the recloser


REDs �5...6� A, A type30 mA

Operation (cont.)

Remote indicationThe auxiliary contact is activated in event of blocking on a residual current fault, during checking and time delay phases. It can be configured according to 3 possibilities:n mode 1 : 1 NO contact for an indicator light…n mode 2 : 1 NC contact for a telephone dialler…n mode 3 : 1 intermittent contact, F = 1 Hz for a bell…

DimensionsD

B10

9799

41

6

4�

REDtest �5...40 A, A type 30 mA

Protection of people against direct and indirect contacts. Protection of installations against insulation faults. Disconnection of on-load electric circuits, already protected against overloads and short-circuits. Automatic restart after insulation monitoring of the downstream circuit. Periodic automatic testing of the device without downstream circuit power supply breaking.

6.5. Description REDtestThe REDtest, REsidual current Device recloser, is made up of a residual current device, a recloser and a product automatic test function (Autotest).

A type

The REDtest phase-to-neutral residual current devices provide A type earth leakage protection: tripping due to sinusoidal AC residual currents as well as by continuous pulsed residual currents, whether they are applied quickly or increased slowly.

REDtest �5...40 A, A typeCommon technical dataPower supply From top onlyVoltage rating (Ue) 230 V AC, +10 %, -15 %Frequency rating 50 HzCurrent rating (ln) 25, 40 AImpulse withstand voltage (Uimp) 4 kVInsulation voltage (Ui) 500 V8/20 µs wave immunity level 250 ÂTropicalisation Treatment 2 (relative humidity: 95 % at 55°C)Operating temperature -5°C to +40°CStorage temperature -20°C to +60°CWeight (g) 370Protection class IP20 at terminalsConnection by tunnel terminal with guard

25 mm2 flexible cable or 35 mm2 rigid cable

Mounting On DIN rail


630 A


10.000 A (gL 63 A)

Tripping time I∆n : ∆300 ms5I∆n : ∆ 40 ms

Short-circuit current withstand (I∆c = Inc)

See coordination table of circuit-breaker or fuse with A type REDtest


Autotest and recloser technical dataAutotestAutomatic test Yes, without power supply breakingMax duration of Autotest cycle < 5 minutes

RecloserMax duration of a restart cycle 90 sNumber of restart operations 15/hourMaximum number of consecutive restart attempts (if no earth fault)

3

Min interval between 2 closings 180 sInsulation fault presence monitoring YesRestart in event of transient insulation fault

Yes

Stopping restart cycle if insulation fault present

Yes

IndicationREDtest status indication Mechanical:

by O-l (open-closed) 2-position leverElectrical: by 2 indicator lights on the front panel:left: red/yellow LEDright: green LEDRemote: by 1 built-in auxiliary contact

PB

1017

81-5

0

18280

Catalogue Numbers


Auxiliary contact technical dataVoltage rating (Ue) 12...230 V ACInsulation voltage (Ui) 600 VCurrent rating (ln) Min: 0.6 mA

Max: 100 mA, power factor = 1Type Configurable : intermittent 1 Hz or NOConnection by tunnel terminal Flexible or rigid cable: max 2.5 mm2

Description (cont.)

Type Voltage(V AC)

Rating(A)

Sensitivity(mA)


Cat. no.

REDtest residual current devices�P 230 25 30 10 18�80 40 30 10 18�81

Multi 9 circuit-breaker, fuse / A type REDtest coordinationMulti 9 circuit-breakers FuseC�� K60 DT40 DT40N C60 C1�0 NG1�5 gL 6�

REDtest A typeNetwork 230 VL/N

�5 A 4.5 6 6 6 6 10 10 640 A 4.5 6 6 6 6 10 10 6

OperationThe REDtest carries out automatic testing of earth leakage protection every seven days.The test consists in opening and reclosing the RCD, during which time continuity of supply of the downstream installation is guaranteed. The built-in automatic recloser, automatically recloses the residual current device, after checking insulation of the downstream circuit. If the circuit is faulty, then RCD reclosing is prohibited.

Residual current deviceThe REDtest operates in the residual current device mode, without automatic restart, when the sliding cover is open, i.e. to the right in the Auto Off position (Fig. 1).The automatic restart mode and the Autotest are activated, when the sliding cover is closed, i.e. to the left in the Auto On position (Fig. 2).

Manual test and AutotestThere are two ways of testing earth leakage protection of the REDtest:b manual test: this is only possible in manual mode, i.e. sliding cover open in the Auto Off position. You can then manually test the device by pressing the Test key. The downstream installation is then temporarily broken. You must then manually reclose the REDtest, by activating the O-l lever to power supply the downstream circuit.b Autotest: after checking installation insulation, the REDtest monitors its residual current device, without breaking the downstream power supply (bypass by bypass contact). If the test is satisfactory, the right LED moves to green, while the left LED remains OFF. If the system is faulty, the left LED moves to yellow and the faulty device must be replaced.

Catalogue numbers

Coordination table, max short-circuit current (kA rms)

DB

1098

06

Fig 1.

Fig 2.

4�

6

44


LEDs :

Autotest

No

No

No

No

Yes

R

R G

R YesYes

Yes

Yes

OK�END

Y

RGY

G

3 minNo

Y G

Initialisation �of RCD test �

��

Restarting �the �

recloser cycle

RCD �tripping �

OK

Tripping �bypass �circuit

2nd reclosing �attempt

Closing �bypass �

circuit OK

Y G

7 days RCD �reclosing �

OK

F = 1 Hz

OFF

3 min

FAULT

FAULT

FAULT

?

?

?

?

?

(See recloser next page)

�

Healthy residual current device Faulty residual current device�(no device tripping during the test)

Bypass contactor

Power contact

Residual current device test



Auxiliary contact

Downstream voltage

Cyc

le s

tart

Res

tart

�cy

cle

star

t

Res

tart

Cyc

le s

tart

Slid

ing

cove

r �op

enin

g

Test phase

Flashing

Faul

t det

ectio

n �

and

bloc

king

Operation (cont.)

Autotest

Operating diagram for an Autotest cycle:

Operating and indicating diagram of an Autotest cycle:


Operation (cont.)

Recloser

Operating diagram of the recloser:

No

No

No

R

Yes

Yes

CHECK

FAULT R

Yes

3 min

FAULT

?


OK3rd reclosing �

attempt? ?

LEDs :

R

RG

F = 1 Hz

OFF

OFFOFF

ON

Yes

No

+

FAULT

OK�END

G

R

FAULT

?

CLACK

Healthy installation Faulty installation

Bypass contactor

Power contact

Installation test



Auxiliary contact

Downstream voltage

Nui

sanc

e tri

ppin

g

Res

tart

�cy

cle

star

t

Res

tart

Faul

t

Faul

t det

ectio

n �

and

bloc

king

Slid

ing

cove

r �op

enin

g

Monitoring phase

Flashing


45

6

46


Operation (cont.)

Remote indicationThe auxiliary contact is activated in event of blocking on a residual current fault and/or in event of failure of the Autotest function. It can be configured according to 3 possibilities:b mode 1: 1 intermittent contact, F = 1 Hz for a bell...b mode 2: 1 NO contact for an indicator light…b mode 3: not used.

Dimensions

48

6.6. Selection guide Vigirex

Protection relays (2)

RH10 RH21All Vigirex products are type A (1) devices, also covering the requirements of type AC devices.

DB

1070

87

DB

1070

92

DB

1070

89

DB

1070

91

FunctionsProtection b b

Local indications b b

Remote indications (hard-wired) - -Remote indications (via communication) - -Display of measurements - -

WiringOptimum continuity of service b b

Optimum safety (failsafe) b b

MountingDIN rail b b

Front-panel mount b b

Rated operational voltage1 DC voltage range from 12 to 48 V b b

1 DC voltage range from 24 to 130 V and AC 48 V - -6 AC voltage ranges from 12 to 525 V b b

4 AC voltage ranges from 48 to 415 V - -

Thresholds

Fault (I∆n) 1 fixed instantaneous threshold choose from 0.03 A to 1 A

2 user-selectable thresholds 0.03 A or 0.3 A

Alarm - -

Pre-alarm - -

Time delaysFault Instantaneous Instantaneous for I∆n = 0.03 A

1 user-selectable time delayinstantaneous or 0.06 s for I∆n = 0.3 A

Alarm - -

Pre-alarm - -

Display and indicationsVoltage presence (LED and/or relay) (6) b b

Threshold overrun fault (LED) b b

alarm (LED and relay) - -pre-alarm (LED and relay) - -

Leakage current (digital) - -Settings (digital) - -

Test with or without actuation of output contactsLocal b b

Remote (hard-wired) b b

Remote (hard-wired for several relays) b b

Remote (via communication) - -

CommunicationSuitable for supervision (internal bus) - -

SensorsMerlin Gerin A, OA, E toroids (7) up to 630 A b b

Merlin Gerin rectangular sensors up to 3200 A b b

(1) Type A relay up to I∆n = 5 A.(2) Relay with output contact requiring local, manual reset after fault clearance.(3) Relay with output contact that automatically resets after fault clearance.

(4) Mandatory with an RMH (multiplexing for the 12 toroids).(5) Mandatory with an RM12T (multiplexing for the 12 toroids).

Catalogue Numbers

Protection relays (2)

RH10 RH21All Vigirex products are type A (1) devices, also covering the requirements of type AC devices.

DB

1070

87

DB

1070

92

DB

1070

89

DB

1070

91

FunctionsProtection b b

Local indications b b

Remote indications (hard-wired) - -Remote indications (via communication) - -Display of measurements - -

WiringOptimum continuity of service b b

Optimum safety (failsafe) b b

MountingDIN rail b b

Front-panel mount b b

Rated operational voltage1 DC voltage range from 12 to 48 V b b

1 DC voltage range from 24 to 130 V and AC 48 V - -6 AC voltage ranges from 12 to 525 V b b

4 AC voltage ranges from 48 to 415 V - -

Thresholds

Fault (I∆n) 1 fixed instantaneous threshold choose from 0.03 A to 1 A

2 user-selectable thresholds 0.03 A or 0.3 A

Alarm - -

Pre-alarm - -

Time delaysFault Instantaneous Instantaneous for I∆n = 0.03 A

1 user-selectable time delayinstantaneous or 0.06 s for I∆n = 0.3 A

Alarm - -

Pre-alarm - -

Display and indicationsVoltage presence (LED and/or relay) (6) b b

Threshold overrun fault (LED) b b

alarm (LED and relay) - -pre-alarm (LED and relay) - -

Leakage current (digital) - -Settings (digital) - -

Test with or without actuation of output contactsLocal b b

Remote (hard-wired) b b

Remote (hard-wired for several relays) b b

Remote (via communication) - -

CommunicationSuitable for supervision (internal bus) - -

SensorsMerlin Gerin A, OA, E toroids (7) up to 630 A b b

Merlin Gerin rectangular sensors up to 3200 A b b

(1) Type A relay up to I∆n = 5 A.(2) Relay with output contact requiring local, manual reset after fault clearance.(3) Relay with output contact that automatically resets after fault clearance.

(4) Mandatory with an RMH (multiplexing for the 12 toroids).(5) Mandatory with an RM12T (multiplexing for the 12 toroids).

Selection guide (cont.)

Monitoring relays (3)

RH99 RH197P RHUs or RHU RH99 RMH

DB

1070

90

DB

1070

86

DB

1070

93

PB

1004

29-1

8

PB

1004

32-2

0

(4)

b b b - -b b b b b

- b b b b

- - b except RHUs - b

- b (8) b - b 12 measurement channels (5)

b b b - -b b b - -

b - - b -b b b b b

b - - b -- b - - -b - - b - - b b - 220 to 240 V AC

9 user-selectable thresholds from 0.03 A to 30 A


1 adjustable threshold from 0.03 A to 30 A

- -

- Fixed: 50 % I∆n 1 adjustable thresholdfrom 0.015 A to 30 A


1 adjustable threshold/channelfrom 0.03 A to 30 A

- - - - 1 adjustable threshold/channelfrom 0.015 A to 30 A

9 user-selectable time delays instantaneous to 4.5 s

7 user-selectable time delaysinstantaneous to 4.5 s

1 adjustable threshold instantaneous to 4.5 s

- -

- instantaneous 1 adjustable threshold instantaneous to 4.5 s

9 user-selectable time delays instantaneous to 4.5 s

1 adjustable threshold/channel instantaneous to 5 s

- - - - 1 adjustable threshold/channel instantaneous to 5 s

b b (9) b b b

b b b - -- b b b b

- - - - b

- on bargraph b - b

- - b - b(10)

b b b b b

b b b b -b b b b -- - b except RHUs - b

- - b except RHUs - b

b b b b b

b b b b b

(6) Depending on the type of wiring (optimum continuity of service or optimum safety).(7) See characteristics page 433E2400_Ver3.0.fm/10.

(8) On a bargraph(9) No voltage presence relay.(10) With actuation of contacts only.

+

0594

84R

_A

+

0594

84R

_A

DB

1078

8

49

6

50

Vigirex protection relays

RH10 with local manual fault resetSystem to be protected LV y 1000 V RH10M RH10P

E89

643

E89

644

DIN-rail mount. Front-panel mount.

Sensitivity 0.03 A - instantaneousPower supply 12 to 24 V AC -12 to 48 V DC 50/60 Hz 56100 56200

48 V AC 50/60 Hz 56110 56210110 to 130 V AC 50/60 Hz 56120 56220220 to 240 V AC 50/60/400 Hz 56130 56230380 to 415 V AC 50/60 Hz 56140 56240440 to 525 V AC 50/60 Hz 56150 56250

Sensitivity 0.05 A - instantaneous Power supply 12 to 24 V AC - 12 to 48 V DC 50/60 Hz 56101 56201












Sensitivity 1 A - instantaneous Power supply 12 to 24 V AC - 12 to 48 V DC 50/60 Hz 56107 56207


MERLIN GERIN

Vigirex

RH10P

1A/inst

Test no trip

Test

Reset

MERLIN GERIN

Vigirex

RH10P

1A/inst

Test no trip

Test

Reset

Catalogue numbers

RH�1 with local manual fault resetSystem to be protected LV y 1000 V RH21M RH21P

E89

649

E89

650


Sensitivity 0.03 A - instantaneousSensitivity 0.3 A - instantaneous or with 0.06 s time delayPower supply 12 to 24 V AC - 12 to 48 V DC 50/60 Hz 56160 56260


RH99 with local manual fault resetSystem to be protected LV y 1000 V RH99M RH99P

E89

645

E89

646


Sensitivity 0.03 A to 30 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 4.5 s time delayPower supply 12 to 24 V AC - 12 to 48 V DC 50/60 Hz 56170 56270


RH197P with local manual or automatic fault reset (1)

System to be protected LV y 1000 V RH197PD

B10

0864

Alarm: 50 % of fault threshold - instantaneousFault: sensitivity 30 mA to 30 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 4.5 s time delaySingle-phase power supply 48 V AC - 24 to 130 V DC 50/60 Hz 56505

110 to 130 V AC 50/60 Hz 56506220 to 240 V AC 50/60/400 Hz 56507380 to 415 V AC 50/60 Hz 56508

RH197P

.03

.05

.075.1.1 .15

.2

.3

x1

0

.15

.25.5 1

2.5

5

20%

30%

40%

50%

on

Fault

ResetTest

IEC 60947-2 / M

RH197P

.03

.05

.075.1.1 .15

.2

.3

x1

0

.15

.25.5 1

2.5

5

20%

30%

40%

50%

on

Fault

ResetTest

IEC 60947-2 / M

51

6

5�

Vigirex protection relays or monitoring relays

Residual-current protection relaysRHUs with local manual fault resetSystem to be protected LV y 1000 V RHUs

Alarm: sensitivity 15 mA to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 4.5 s time delayFault: sensitivity �0 mA to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 4.5 s time delaySingle-phase power supply 48 V AC 50/60 Hz �8576

110 to 130 V AC 50/60 Hz �8575220 to 240 V AC 50/60/400 Hz �857�380 to 415 V AC 50/60 Hz �8574

RHU with local manual fault reset (communicating)

System to be protected LV y 1000 V RHU

Alarm: sensitivity 15 mA to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 4.5 s time delayFault: sensitivity �0 mA to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 4.5 s time delaySingle-phase power supply 48 V AC 50/60 Hz �8570

110 to 130 V AC 50/60 Hz �8569220 to 240 V AC 50/60/400 Hz �8560380 to 415 V AC 50/60 Hz �8568

"on" = trip

"off" = no trip

ResetTest

Modif

MERLIN GERIN

Vigirex

RHU

AmA

alarm

fault

I%(I Ðn)

max

I alarm

t alarm (s)

IÐnÐt (s)l

"on" = trip

"off" = no trip

ResetTest

Modif

MERLIN GERIN

Vigirex

RHU

AmA

alarm

fault

I%(I Ðn)

max

I alarm

t alarm (s)

IÐnÐt (s)l

"on" = trip

"off" = no trip

ResetTest

Modif

MERLIN GERIN

Vigirex

RHU

AmA

alarm

fault

I%(I Ðn)

max

I alarm

t alarm (s)

IÐnÐt (s)l

"on" = trip

"off" = no trip

ResetTest

Modif

MERLIN GERIN

Vigirex

RHU

AmA

alarm

fault

I%(I Ðn)

max

I alarm

t alarm (s)

IÐnÐt (s)l

Monitoring relaysRH99 with automatic fault resetSystem to be protected LV y 1000 V RH99M RH99P

E89

645

E89

646

DIN-rail mount. Front-panel mount.Sensitivity 0.0� A - instantaneousSensitivity 0.1 A to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 s to 4.5 s time delayPower supply 12 to 24 V AC - 12 to 48 V DC 50/60 Hz 56190 56�90

48 V AC 50/60 Hz 56191 56�91110 to 130 V AC 50/60 Hz 5619� 56�9�220 to 240 V AC 50/60/400 Hz 5619� 56�9�380 to 415 V AC 50/60 Hz 56194 56�94440 to 525 V AC 50/60 Hz 56195 56�95

RMH and multiplexer RM1�T (communicating)System to be monitored LV y 1000 V RM1�T RMH

E89

648

E89

647

DIN-rail mount. Front-panel mount.Pre-Alarm: sensitivity 15 mA to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 5 s time delay Alarm: sensitivity �0 mA to �0 A - instantaneous or with 0 to 5 s time delaySingle-phase power supply 220 to 240 V AC 50/60/400 Hz �8566 �856�

Catalogue numbers

Sensors

Closed toroids, A-type

E89

652

Type Ie (A) rated operational current

Inside diameter (mm)

TA30 65 30 504�7PA50 85 50 504�8IA80 160 80 504�9MA120 250 120 50440SA200 400 200 50441GA300 630 300 5044�

Accessory for closed toroids

DB

1070

32

Magnetic ring For TA30 toroid 56055For PA50 toroid 56056For IA80 toroid 56057For MA120 toroid 56058

Split toroids, OA-type

E89

653

Type Ie (A) rated operational current

Inside diameter (mm)

POA 85 46 50485GOA 250 110 50486

Rectangular sensors

E92

232

Inside dimensions (mm) Ie (A) 280 x 115 1600 5605�470 x 160 3200 56054

Note: sensor-relay link: twisted cable not supplied (see “Installation and connection” chapter).

Toroids and rectangular sensorsCatalogue numbers

5�

6

54

DimensionsRH10M, RH21M and RH99M relays

Mounting on a DIN rail

E90

226

Mounting on a mounting plate

Plate drilling layout

DB

1069

66

E90

229

Door cutout

Mounting on a DIN rail Mounting on a mounting plate

E90

231

E90

232

(1) For IP4 requirements.

Dimensions (cont.)RH10P, RH21P, RH99P, RH197P, RHUs, RHU, RMH and RM12T relays

Front-panel mount relays (cutout complying with standard DIN 4�700)RH10P, RH�1P and RH99P RH197P

E90

234

DB

1017

28

DB

1017

29

RHUs, RHU and RMH Door cutout

E90

240

E90

235

DIN rail mounting onlyRM1�T

Door cutout

E90

237

E90

239

(1) For IP4 requirements.

55

6

56

Dimensions (cont.) A-type closed toroids

TA�0 and PA50 toroids

Secured to the back of the relay

E90

290

Type ØA B C D E F G H J KTA�0 30 31 60 53 82 59 - 13 97 50PA50 50 45 88 66 108 86 20 14 98 60

IA80, MA1�0 and SA�00 toroids

IA80 and MA1�0 SA�00

E95

331

Type ØA B C D E F G H J KIA80 80 122 44 150 80 55 40 126 65 35MA1�0 120 164 44 190 80 55 40 166 65 35SA�00 196 256 46 274 120 90 60 254 104 37

GA�00 toroid

Type ØA B CGA�00 299 29 344

Dimensions (cont.)OA split totoids andrectangular sensors

POA and GOA toroids

E33

902

Type Dimensions (mm) Tightening torque (N.m/Ib-in)ØA ØB C D E F T1 T� T�

POA 46 148 57 57 22 38 7/0.79 3/0.34 3/0.34GOA 110 224 92 76 16 44 7/0.79 3/0.34 3/0.34

Rectangular sensors

Frame �80 x 115 mm

Frame 470 x 160 mm

E903

00E9

0301

57

6

58

7. Voltage surge types

What is a voltage surge ?A voltage surge is a voltage impulse or wave which is superposed on the rated network voltage (fig. 1).

Fig. 1 - Voltage surge examples.

Fig. 3 - Conducted voltage surges.

They are gradually damped as they pass through the lines and the MV 75 or 22 kV protective spark-gaps or surge arresters, the transformers that they meet as they travel. One part of the wave, however, travels as far as sensitive loads.b induced or radiated voltage surgesAn indirect stroke of lightning which falls anywhere on the ground is equivalent to a very long antenna which radiates an electromagnetic field.The steeper the current rise front (50 to 100 kA/µs), the greater the radiation. The effects are felt several hundred metres, if not kilometres away.

The four voltage surge typesThere are four types of voltage surge which may disturb electrical installations and loads:b atmospheric voltage surgesb operating voltage surgesb transient industrial frequency voltage surgesb voltage surges caused by electrostatic discharge.

Atmospheric voltage surgesb conducted voltage surges are caused by a stroke of lightning falling on or near an

overhead power line (electricity or telephone). The current impulses generated are propagated right up to the house (fig. 3).

This type of voltage surge is characterised by (fig. 2):b the rise time (tf) measured in µsb the gradient S measured in kA/µs.These two parameters disturb equipment and cause electromagnetic radiation. Furthermore, the duration of the voltage surge (T) causes a surge of energy in the electrical circuits which is likely to destroy the equipment.

Fig. 2 - Main overvoltage characteristics.

DB

1087

29

Different voltage surge types (cont.)

Consequencesb field to cable coupling: the electromagnetic field will couple with any cable

encountered and generate common mode and/or differential mode voltage surges. These voltage surges are then propagated by conduction (fig. 4).

Fig. 4 - Field to cable coupling.

b field to cable coupling: v inductive crosstalk: in the same way, the voltage surge current circulating in a

cable generates in its turn an electromagnetic field whose electromagnetic H component induces a voltage surge in any cable which forms a loop. This is called inductive crosstalk.

v capacitive crosstalk. In the same way, the electromagnetic field which is formed when a voltage surge occurs induces a voltage surge on neighbouring cables owing to interference capacitance between the cables.

This phenomenon is especially encountered in cable paths or chutes. It may produce harmful effects when a high power cable is placed near low current cables

v induction in the frame loops (fig. 5).A signal cable galvanically links a microcomputer to its printer. Each device is earthed by a feeder which uses a different path from that of the signal cable. The resulting overvoltage is proportional to the surface thus formed by the two cables. For example, for a surface area of 300 m� and a stroke of lightning of 100 kA/µs falling 400 metres away, the voltage surge induced in common mode on the signal link will be roughly 15 kV !...

Fig. 5 - Frame loop.

DB

1088

8

Voltage surges and their protection devices

59

7

60

Voltage surge types (cont.)

b rise in earthing connector potential (fig. 6)A stroke of lightning which hits the ground causes a lightning current which is propagated in the ground according to a law depending on the type of ground and earthing connector. A voltage surge occurs between 2 points on the ground, causing a potential difference of 500 V between the legs of an animal 1 metre apart, over 100 m away from the impact. Similarly, for an average current of 30 kA and an excellent earthing connector of 2 W, the rise in frame potential will be 60 kV in relation to the network according to the law of Ohm. The rise in equipment potential occurs independently of the network which may be overhead or underground.

Fig. 6 - Rise in earth potential.

Operating voltage surgesA sudden change in the established operating conditions in an electrical network causes transient phenomena to occur. These are generally high frequency or damped oscillation voltage surge waves (fig. 1 page 6).They are said to have a slow front: their frequency varies from several dozen to several hundred kilohertz.Operating voltage surges may be created by:b voltage surges from disconnection devices due to the opening of protection

devices (fuse, circuit-breaker), and the opening or closing of control devices (relays, contactors, etc.)

b voltage surges from inductive circuits due to motors starting and stopping, or the opening of transformers such as MV/LV substations

b voltage surges from capacitive circuits due to the connection of capacitor banks to the network

b all devices that contain a coil, a capacitor or a transformer at the power supply inlet: relays, contactors, television sets, printers, computers, electric ovens, filters, etc.

Transient industrial frequency voltage surges (fig. 7)These voltage surges have the same frequencies as the network (50, 60 or 400 Hz):b voltage surges caused by phase/frame or phase/earth insulating faults on a

network with an insulated or impedant neutral, or by the breakdown of the neutral conductor. When this happens, single phase devices will be supplied in 400 V instead of 230 V, or in a medium voltage: Us x e = Us x 1.7

b voltage surges due to a cable breakdown. For example, a medium voltage cable which falls on a low voltage line

b the arcing of a high or medium voltage protective spark-gap causes a rise in earth potential during the action of the protection devices. These protection devices follow automatic switching cycles which will recreate a fault if it persists.

Voltage surge types (cont.)

Fig. 7 - Transient industrial frequency voltage surge.

Voltage surges caused by electrical dischargeIn a dry environment, electrical charges accumulate and create a very strong electrostatic field. For example, a person walking on carpet with insulating soles will become electrically charged to a voltage of several kilovolts. If the person walks close to a conductive structure, he will give off an electrical discharge of several amperes in a very short rise time of a few nanoseconds. If the structure contains sensitive electronics, a computer for example, its components or circuit boards may be destroyed.

61

7

6�

Different propagation modes

Common modeCommon mode voltage surges occur between the live parts and the earth: phase/earth or neutral/earth (fig. 1).They are especially dangerous for devices whose frame is earthed due to the risk of dielectric breakdown.

Differential modeDifferential mode voltage surges circulate between phase/phase or phase/neutral live conductors (fig. 2). They are especially dangerous for electronic equipment, sensitive computer equipment, etc.

The table below sums up the main characteristics of voltage surges

Type of voltage surge Voltage surge coefficient

Duration Front gradient or frequency

Industrial frequency (insulation fault)

y 1.7 Long 30 to 1000 ms

Industrial frequency (50-60-400 Hz)

Operating and electrostatic discharge

2 to 4 Short 1 to 100 ms

Average 1 to 200 kHz

Atmospheric > 4 Very short Very high

SummaryThree points must be kept in mind:b a direct or indirect lightning stroke may have

destructive consequences on electrical installations several kilometres away from where it falls

b industrial or operating voltage surges also cause considerable damage

b the fact that a site installation is underground in no way protects it although it does limit the risk of a direct strike.

Fig. 1 - Common mode.

Fig. 2 - Dfferential mode.

8. Lightning risk

A few figuresBetween 2,000 and 5,000 storms are constantly forming around the earth. These storms are accompanied by lightning which constitutes a serious risk for both people and equipment. Strokes of lightning hit the ground at a rate of 30 to 100 strokes per second. Every year, the earth is struck by about 3 billion strokes of lightning.Throughout the world, every year, thousands of people are struck by lightning and countless animals are killed.Lightning also causes a large number of fires, most of which break out on farms (destroying buildings or putting them out of use).Lightning also affects transformers, electricity meters, household appliances, and all electrical and electronic installations in the residential sector and in industry.Tall buildings are the ones most often struck by lightning.The cost of repairing damage caused by lightning is very high.It is difficult to evaluate the consequences of disturbance caused to computer or telecommunications networks, faults in PLC cycles and faults in regulation systems. Furthermore, the losses caused by a machine being put out of use can have financial consequences rising above the cost of the equipment destroyed by the lightning.

Storm formation The storm cloud is generally of the cumulo-nimbus type. It is characterised by its anvil shape and the dark colour of its base (fig. 1). It constitutes a gigantic heat machine with a base at an altitude of roughly 2 km and an apex at an altitude of 14 km.

Electrical development of a storm cloudDuring summer storms, the process starts by hot air rising from the ground. As it rises, it collects water droplets until it becomes a cloud (fig. 2).

Fig. 1 - Cumulo-nimbus.

Fig. 2 - Cloud formation.

DB

1108

67D

B11

0866

6�

8

64

Lightning risk (cont.)

Beginning of the electrification mechanismThese water droplets are then separated by violent rising and falling air currents. As they rise, the droplets are transformed into ice crystals. The water and ice particles then collide with each other, thus creating positive and negative electrical charges (fig. 3).

Beginning of the active phaseNext, the charges of opposite signs separate. The positive charges made up of ice crystals stay in the higher part of the cloud while the negative charges made up of water droplets remain in the base. A small quantity of positive charges remain in the base of the cloud. Lightning begins to develop inside the storm cloud. This is the development phase (fig. 4).

Maturity of the active phaseThis cloud forms an enormous capacitor with the ground. In the half hour following the first lightning formed within the cloud, flashes of lightning begin to form between the cloud and the ground. They are called strokes of lightning. The first rain appears. This is the mature phase (fig. 5).

End of the active phaseNext, the cloud gradually becomes less active while the ground lightning increases. It is accompanied by heavy rains, sleet and strong gusts of wind: this is the phase where the cloud, which contains several hundreds of thousands of tonnes of water, bursts (fig. 6).

Fig. 3 - Beginning of the electrification mechanisms.

Fig. 4 - Development: beginning of the active phase, lightning inside the cloud, strong anabatic winds.

Fig. 5 - Maturity: intense activity within the cloud, maximum vertical development, strong convective activity.

Fig. 6 - Cloud burst: decrease in activity inside the cloud, occurrence of violent phenomena on the ground: strokes of lightning, heavy rains, sleet, strong gusts of wind.

DB

1108

84D

B11

0869

DB

1108

69

Lightning strike phenomenon

The electric field strengthWhen the weather is fine, the natural electric field strength on the ground is approximately 120 V/m. When an electrically charged cloud arrives, it can rise to over 15 kV/m (fig. 7).

The electric field strength is increased by protrusions in the landscape (hills, trees, houses). These create a peak effect which amplifies the electric field strength to up to 300 times its usual value in a given place (fig. 8).This phenomenon is called the Corona effect. It encourages a stroke of lightning to appear in such places. This phenomenon was observed as early as Ancient times on the end of spears or pointed objects. Sailors call it Saint Elmo's fire; it appears at the top of boat masts. Mountaineers know that the appearance of a glow at the end of their ice axe, accompanied by a humming noise like a swarm of bees, heralds the risk of lightning.

Lightning stroke classification (according to K. Berger)Lightning strokes are classified according to the way in which they develop, and the positive or negative part of the cloud which is discharged (fig. 9).On flat ground, lightning striking from the cloud is the most usual.In the mountains, or in the presence of large protruding objects (high tower or factory chimney), ascending lightning strokes may develop. These are the most dangerous, especially the positive type. In temperate regions, such as Europe, 90 % of lightning strokes are of the negative descending type.

Fig. 9 - Classification of lightning strokes (K. Berger).

The discharge principleLet us take the example of a negative descending stroke (fig. 10).1. The stroke of lightning begins with a leader which develops from the cloud and moves by successive 30 to 50 m steps towards the ground. The leader is made up of electrical particles drawn from the cloud by the cloud-ground electrical field strength. These particles form a luminous channel directed to ground.�. This encourages the formation of an ionised channel which will then branch out. Once it reaches roughly 300 m from the ground, discharges (or sparks) leave the ground and one of them enters into contact with the tip (leader point). �. An extremely luminous electrical arc then appears. This causes thunder and helps the exchange of charges between the cloud-ground capacitor.4. A succession of decreasingly intense arcs, called subsequent arcs, then follows. Between these arcs, there is a continuous leader which makes a current of roughly 200 A, supplying the discharge of a large part of the capacitor charges.

Fig. 10 - Negative descending stroke

principle.

Fig. 7 - The electric field strength on the ground.

Fig. 8 - Electric field strength amplified by a protrusion in the landscape.

DB

1108

85D

B10

8728

65

8

66

SummaryLightning comes from the discharge of electrical charges accumulated in the cumulo-nimbus clouds which form a capacitor with the ground. Storm phenomena cause serious damage.Lightning is a high frequency electrical phenomenon which produces voltage surges on all conductive elements, and especially on electrical loads and wires.

Characteristics of discharge of lightningBeyond peak probability

Current peak Gradient Total duration Number of discharges

P (%) I (kA) S (kA/µs) T (s) n

95 7 9.1 0.001 1

50 33 24 0.01 2

5 85 65 1.1 6

Lightning strike phenomenon (cont.)

This table shows the values given by the lighting protection committee (technical committee 81 of the I.E.C.). As can be seen, 50 % of lightning strokes are of a force greater than 33 kA and 5 % are greater than 85 kA. The energy forces involved are thus very high.It is important to define the probability of adequate protection when protecting a site.Furthermore, a lightning current is a high frequency (HF) impulse current reaching roughly a megahertz.

The effects of lightningA lightning current is therefore a high frequency electrical current. As well as considerable induction and voltage surge effects, it causes the same effects as any other low frequency current on a conductor:b thermal effects: fusion at the lightning impact points and joule effect, due to the

circulation of the current, causing firesb electrodynamic effects: when the lightning currents circulate in parallel

conductors, they provoke attraction or repulsion forces between the wires, causing breaks or mechanical deformations (crushed or flattened wires)

b combustion effects: lightning can cause the air to expand and create overpressure which stretches over a distance of a dozen or so metres. A blast effect breaks windows or partitions and can project animals or people several metres away from their original position. This shock wave is at the same time transformed into a sound wave: thunder.

b voltage surges conducted after an impact on overhead electrical or telephone power lines.

b voltage surges induced by the electromagnetic radiation effect of the lightning channel which acts as an antenna over several kilometres and is crossed by a considerable impulse current.

b the elevation of the earth potential by the circulation of the lightning current in the ground. This explains indirect strokes of lightning by pace voltage and the breakdown of equipment.

9. Overvoltage protection devices

Two major types of protection devices are used to suppress or limit voltage surges: they are referred to as primary protection devices and secondary protection devices.

Primary protection devices (protection of external installations against lightning: IEPF)The purpose of primary protection devices is to protect installations against direct strokes of lightning. They catch and run the lightning current into the ground. The principle is based on a protection area determined by a structure which is higher than the rest.The same applies to any peak effect produced by a pole, building or very high metallic structure.There are three types of primary protection:b lightning conductors, which are the oldest and best known lightning protection

device b taut wiresb the meshed cage or Faraday cage.

The lightning conductor

Fig. 1 - Example of IEPF protection using a lightning conductor.

The lightning conductor is a tapered rod placed on top of the building. It is earthed by one or more conductors (often copper strips) (fig. 1).The design and installation of a lightning conductor is the job of a specialist. Attention must be paid to the copper strip paths, the test clamps, the crow-foot earthing to help high frequency lightning currents run to the ground, and the distances in relation to the wiring system (gas, water, etc.).Furthermore, the flow of the lightning current to the ground will induce voltage surges, by electromagnetic radiation, in the electrical circuits and buildings to be protected. These may reach several dozen kilovolts. It is therefore necessary to symmetrically split the down conductor currents in two, four or more, in order to minimise electromagnetic effects.

DB

1108

81

67

9

68

Overvoltage protection devices (cont.)

Taut wiresThese wires are stretched over the structure to be protected (fig. 2). They are used for special structures: rocket launch pads, military applications and lightning protection cables for overhead high voltage power lines (fig. 3).

SummaryPrimary lightning conductor protection devices (IEPF) such as a meshed cage or taut wires are used to protect against direct strokes of lighting.These protection devices do not prevent destructive secondary effects on equipment from occurring. For example, rises in earth potential and electromagnetic induction which are due to currents flowing to the earth. To reduce secondary effects, LV surge arresters must be added on telephone and electrical power networks.

The meshed cage (Faraday cage)This principle is used for very sensitive buildings housing computer or integrated circuit production equipment. It consists in symmetrically multiplying the number of down strips outside the building. Horizontal links are added if the building is high; for example every two floors (fig. 4). The down conductors are earthed by frog's foot earthing connections. The result is a series of interconnected 15 x 15 m or 10 x 10 m meshes. This produces better equipotential bonding of the building and splits lightning currents, thus greatly reducing electromagnetic fields and induction.

Fig. 2 - Example of IEPF protection using the taut wire lightning conductor method.

Fig. 3 - Lightning protection ropes.

Fig. 4 - Example of IEPF protection using the meshed cage (Faraday cage) principle.

DB

1108

92

DB

1108

93

BD

1108

81


Secondary protection devices (protection of internal installations against lightning: IIPF)These handle the effects of atmospheric, operating or industrial frequency voltage surges. They can be classified according to the way they are connected in an installation: serial or parallel protection.

Serial protection deviceThis is connected in series to the power supply wires of the system to be protected (fig. 5).

DB

1087

34

Fig. 5 - Serial protection principle.

Transformers Reduce voltage surges by inductor effect and make certain harmonics disappear by coupling. This protection is not very effective.

Filters Based on components such as resistors, inductance coils and capacitors are suitable for voltage surges caused by industrial and operation disturbance corresponding to a clearly defined frequency band. This protection device is not suitable for atmospheric disturbance.

Wave absorbers Are essentially made up of air inductance coils which limit the voltage surges, and surge arresters which absorb the currents. They are extremely suitable for protecting sensitive electronic and computing equipment. They only act against voltage surges. They are nonetheless extremely cumbersome and expensive. They cannot completely replace inverters which protect loads against power cuts.

Network conditioners and static uninterrupted power supplies (UPS)These devices are essentially used to protect highly sensitive equipment, such as computer equipment, which requires a high quality electrical power supply. They can be used to regulate the voltage and frequency, stop interference and ensure a continuous electrical power supply even in the event of a mains power cut (for the UPS). On the other hand, they are not protected against large, atmospheric type voltage surges against which it is still necessary to use surge arresters.

Parallel protection deviceThe principleThe parallel protection device can adapt to the installation to be protected (fig. 6).It is this type of overvoltage protection device that is used the most often.

DB

1087

35

SummaryAll of these serial protection devices are specific to a device or application. They must be sized in accordance with the power rating of the installation to be protected. Most of them require the additional protection of a surge arrester.

69

9

70


Main characteristicsb the rated voltage of the protection device must correspond to the network

voltage at the installation terminals: 230/400 Vb when there is no voltage surge, a leakage current should not go through the

protection device which is on standbyb when a voltage surge above the allowable voltage threshold of the installation

to be protected occurs, the protection device violently conducts the voltage surge current to the earth by limiting the voltage to the desired protection level Up (fig. 7).

When the voltage surge disappears, the protection device stops conducting and returns to standby without a holding current. This is the ideal U/I characteristic curve:b the protection device response time (tr) must be as short as possible to protect

the installation as quickly as possibleb the protection device must have the capacity to be able to conduct the energy

caused by the foreseeable voltage surge on the site to be protectedb the surge arrester protection device must be able to withstand at the rated

current In.

The products usedVoltage limitersAre used in MV/LV substations at the transformer outlet. Because they are only used for insulated or impedant neutral layouts, they can run voltage surges to the earth, especially industrial frequency surges (fig. 8)LV surge arrestersThis term designates very different devices as far as technology and use are concerned.Low voltage surge arresters come in the form of modules to be installed inside a LV switchboard. There are also plug-in types and those that protect power points. They ensure secondary protection of nearby elements but have a small flow capacity. Some are even built into loads although they cannot protect against strong voltage surgesLow current surge arresters or overvoltage protectorsThese protect telephone or switching networks against voltage surges from the outside (lightning), as well as from the inside (polluting equipment, switchgear switching, etc.).Low current voltage surge arresters are also installed in distribution boxes or built into loads.

SummaryThere are numerous types of secondary protection devices to be used against voltage surges. They are classed in two categories: serial protection and parallel protection. Serial protection devices are designed for a very specific need. Whatever this need, most of the time they are additional to parallel protection devices. Parallel protection devices are used the most often, whatever the installation to be protected: power supply network, telephone network, switching network (bus).

Fig. 7 - Typical U/l curve of the ideal protection device.

Fig. 8 - Voltage limiter.

DB

1087

16D

B10

8736


The technologies used in surge arrestersThe componentsSeveral components are used to more or less obtain the previously described characteristics.

Zener diodesThe characteristic curve (fig. 9) is very similar to the ideal curve.The response time is extremely fast (roughly a picosecond: 10-12 s), for a very specific threshold voltage (Us). The leakage current is negligible although the zener diode has the disadvantage of dissipating very low energy. This component is never placed at the head of the installation but as an ultra terminal protection device in association with another surge arrester.

The gas discharge tubeThis is a gas-filled bulb containing two electrodes. The characteristic curve is shown in fig. 9. This component was widely used until just recently.It has the advantage of having a high energy dissipation capacity and a leakage current which is negligible in time thus reducing ageing by overheating. Its drawbacks are a long response time, linked to the voltage surge wave front and the maximum voltage to be reached, which is higher than the threshold voltage, in order to be able to ionise the gas and start the spark-gap conducting. Finally, when the voltage disappears at its terminals, the spark-gap remains ionised and a holding current continues to circulate.

The varistor (in zinc oxide)Its characteristic curve (fig. 9) is similar to the ideal curve. The response time is low, roughly a nanosecond (10-9 s). The energy dissipated is high. The holding current is zero. The drawback is the leakage current which, although low at the beginning, increases with each voltage surge impulse and ends up overheating the component which must be disconnected from the installation. An end-of-life lamp indicates disconnection.

ComparisonThe table below sums up the main characteristics of the components used in parallel protection devices.

Characteristic Component Symbol Leakage Energy Residual Holding current Response time

Ideal component

0 High Low Zero Low

Zener diode

Low Low Low Zero Low

Gas discharge tube

0 High High Continuous if not extinguished

High

Varistor Low High Low Zero Low

71

9

7�


Surge arrester layoutsSurge arrester make-upThere are essentially three types of components which make up surge arresters: zener diode, gas discharge tube, varistor.b two-way zener diode surge arresters (fig. 10) are used especially as ultra terminal

protection devices for a specific point in the installation, and never for overall protection due to their low power stability

b surge arresters using gas discharge tubes must be associated with varistors in order to compensate for their weak points (fig. 11).

Fig. 10 - Two-way zener diode.

Fig. 11 - Typical layout of an improved gas discharge tube surge arrester.

Fig. 12 - Single-pole surge arrester with varistor principle.

Fig. 13 - Two-pole surge arrester with varistor principle.

Varistor V1, which is in series with the gas discharge tube, extinguishes the spark at the end of the voltage surge thus avoiding the holding current.Varistor V2 conducts the voltage surge when it appears. It allows the voltage surge to be absorbed as soon as it appears and helps the gas discharge tube to later arc without causing damage to the installation.This is a relatively complex layout and therefore expensive.Used alone, the gas discharge tube would cause the circuit protection or residual current devices to operate because of the holding currentb surge arresters with varistors are currently the best solution as far as the quality/

price ratio is concerned because of their simplicity and reliability (fig. 12 and 13)

DB

1087

23

DB

1087

37

DB

1087

25

DB

1087

26


b disconnectionOne of a disconnecting device (MCB or fuse) upstream the surge arrester (whether type 1 or type 2, is highly recommended.

Fig. 14 - Typical layout of a surge arrester with its thermal disconnector.

Indeed, in case of failure of the surge arrester because of a short-circuit, the closest upstream circuit breaker will trip. Thus shutting down part or even all the installation.

Switching power back on will only be possible when the fault has been found and when the surge protection edvice has been replaced.In most cases, this could lead to an unacceptable down time.

b connectionsA single-pole surge arrester limits voltage surges between phase and earth or between neutral and earth in common mode.It also limits voltage surges between phase and neutral in differential mode.As many single-pole surge arresters must be added for protection in common mode as in differential mode (dotted line in diagrams 10, 11 and 13).The modular surge arrester includes both of these types of protection.The standard does not stipulate differential mode protection. It is, however, strongly recommended for surge arresters installed in TT or TN-S layouts.

DB

1107

44

7�

9

74

common equipment

Computers,electrical appliances,

audio-video equipment,burglar alarm,

etc.

Detachedhouse

Flat, smalsemi-detached

house

Common areasof a building

Professional premises

building equipment

Fire alarm, automated heating

orair-conditioning,

lift,access control, etc.

Single switchboard

ormain

switchboard

Subdistributionboard

E

QUI

PMEN

T TO

BE

PRO

TECT

ED T

YPE

OF B

UILD

ING

TY

PE O

F

POW

ER

DIST

RIBU

TIO

N

R

ISK

OF

THE

IMPA

CT

OF

LIG

HTNI

NG

PRF1Master

NS 160N 160A

Surge arresterswith integrated disconnector

Choice of disconnectors to be associated with the surge arrestersThe choice of a disconnector that is 100% coordinated with the surge arrester ensures complete safety at the end of life phase of the surge arrester.

PRD8PF8

C60H 20ACurve C

C60N 20ACurve C

PRD20PF20

PRD40PF40

PRD65PF65

C60H 25ACurve C

C60N 25ACurve C

C60H 40ACurve C

C60N 40ACurve C

C60H 50ACurve C

C60N 50ACurve C

Other surge arresters: choice of associated disconnector

6kA 10kA

QUICKPF PF40 Combi

PRF1CombiPRF1

QUICKPF PF40 PF65 Combi

PRF1CombiPRF1

QUICKPF PF40 Combi

PRF1CombiPRF1 PRD20 PRD40 PRD40

Combi PRF1or

PRF1 Master

PF20 PF40 PF40Combi PRF1 or PRF1 Master

+PF40

Quick PF 1P+NIsc = 6 kA

Quick PF 3P+NIsc = 6 kA

Combi PRF1 1P+NIsc = 6 kA

Combi PRF1 3P+NIsc = 6 kA

+ +

10. PRF1, PRD, PF surge arrester selection guide

15kA

10

building equipment

Fire alarm, automated heating

orair-conditioning,

lift,access control, etc.


NS 160N 160A

Choice of disconnectors to be associated with the surge arrestersThe choice of a disconnector that is 100% coordinated with the surge arrester ensures complete safety at the end of life phase of the surge arrester.

C60H 20ACurve C

C60H 25ACurve C

C60H 40ACurve C

C60H 50ACurve C

Other surge arresters: choice of associated disconnector

PRD20 PRD40 PRD40Combi PRF1

or PRF1 Master


+PF40

+ +

10. PRF1, PRD, PF surge arrester selection guide

Dedicated protection, more than

30 m from a switchboard

business equipment

Programmable machine,

server,sound or

light control system, etc.

Single switchboard

or main switchboard




heavy equipment

Medical, production,

or heavy computer processing

infrastructure,etc.

Single switchboard

or main switchboard




NS 160H160A

50kA

Protection of telecommunications and computer equipment

Lightning can also propagate through telecommunications and computer networks.It can damage all the equipment connected to these networks: telephones, modems, computers, ser-vers, etc.

Contact us

Contact us

Contact us

15kA 25kA 36kA 70kA

Choice of PRC and PRI surge arresters PRC PRI

Analogue telephone networks <200V n

Digital networks, analogue lines <48V n

Digital networks, analogue lines <6VELV load supply <48V

n

PRD20

PF20

PRD8

PF8

PRD40 PRD65 PRD65Combi PRF1

or PRF1 Master


+PF40

PRD20

PF20

PRD8

PF8

PRD65Combi PRF1

+ PRD40Combi PRF1

or PRF1 Master

Combi PRF1or

PRF1 Master

PF65 Combi PRF1 +PF40

Combi PRF1 or PRF1 Master

+PF40

Combi PRF1 or PRF1 Master

+PF40

PRD20

PF20

PRD8

PF8

+ + + +

Icc

75

76

In function of the site’s characteristics

11. Surge arrestersChoosing surge arresters for LV networks

Choosing surge arresters: � examples of useb installing surge arresters in a structure equipped with a lightning conductorb installing surge arresters in a structure not equipped with a lightning conductor.

Installation with lightning conductorThe presence of a lightning conductor on the building or in a 50 m radius can cause a direct lightning stroke generating a rise in the frame potential and that of the earthing system. Part of the lightning current rises in the electrical installation through the rod then the earth bar.b in order to protect the loads, a high flow capacity Type 1 PRF1 surge arrester (class 1

test) must then be installed at the incomer end of the switchboard that is capable of arcing and then conducting the lightning current towards a distant earth referenced at 0 V.

b Two technologies are available:v air gap technology: this is the PRF1 range requiring systematic installation of

another surge arrester (type 2) in cascade, so that the residual voltage at the terminals of the second surge arrester I max = 40 kA (PRD40, PF40) is compatible with the impulse withstand voltage of the equipment to be protected (U impulse < 1.5 kV)

v technology with varistor: this is the PRD1 draw-out surge arrester range. Installation of another surge arrester (type 2) is not required.

b if the loads to be protected are located more than 30 m away from the incoming protection, a secondary protection surge arrester I max 8 kA (PRD8, PF8) will be installed as close as possible to the loads

b Type 1 (class 1 test) or Type 2 (class 2 test) surge arresters meet the standard EN 61-643-11 (IEC 61643-11).

Type 1 protection with PRF1

Type 1 protection with PRD1

DB

1087

25

DB

1079

20D

B10

7903

Surge arrestersChoosing surge arresters for LV networks

Installation without lightning conductorb the following table determines the maximum current of the surge arrester(s) to be

installed according to geographic situation and lightning stroke density of the site to be protected.

b mount a secondary protection surge arrester Imax: 8 kA if:v the distance between the incoming surge arrester and loads is u 30 mv the surge arrester’s voltage Up is too high in regards to the sensitivity of the load

to be protected (Uchoc) (see page 4).

ResidentialGeographical location Urban RuralLightning flash density (Ng) y 0.5 0.5 < Ng < 1.6 u 1.6 y 0.5 0.5 < Ng < 1.6 u 1.6Imax (kA) incoming protection 10-20 10-20 10-20 10-20 40 65Imax (kA) secondary protection if: Up too high and/or d u 30 m 8 8

Tertiary/industrial(1)

Continuity of supply of the operation Not necessary Partial MandatoryConsequence (financial) of a lightning stroke on equipment to be protected

Low High Very high

Lightning flash density (Ng) y 0.5 0.5 < Ng < 1.6 u 1.6 y 0.5 0.5 < Ng < 1.6 u 1.6 y 0.5 0.5 < Ng < 1.6 u 1.6Imax (kA) incoming protection 20 20 40 20 40 65 40 65 65Imax (kA) secondary protection if: Up too high and/or d u 30 m

8 8 8 8 8 8

(1) Since in the tertiary/industrial sector the cost of equipment to be protected is higher, damage due to lightning is more significant

Type 1 protection with PF/PRD

DB

1080

17

77

11

78

b the surge arrester’s level of protection (Up) depends on the installed equipment and the rated voltage of the installation

b Up must lie between: v the full voltage of the permanent operating conditions (Uc) v the impulse withstand voltage (Uchoc) of the equipment to be protected.

8/�0 impulse withstand table for equipment to be protected General standard: IEC 60364-4.

In function of the technical data for loads

UC < Up < UchocRated voltage of the installation

Equipment sensitivity withstand (Uchoc)

Threephase networks Reduced Normal High Very highElectronic circuit devices: televisions, alarms, HiFi, video recorders, computers telecommunication

Electrical household appliances: dishwashers, ovens refrigerators, protable tools

Industrial devices: motors, distribution cabinets, current sockets, transfos.

Industrial devices: electric meters, telemeters

400/690/1000 V 2.5 kV 4 kV 6 kV 8 kV230/440 V 1.5 kV

Shock wavecategory I

2.5 kVShock wavecategory II

4 kV Shock wavecategory III

6 kV Shock wavecategory IV

Permanent operating full withstand voltage Uc as in the IEC 60364-5-534 standardEarthing systems TT TN-S TN-C ITUc value for common mode(protection between live conductors and earth)

u 1.1 Uo u 1.1 Uo u 1.1 Uo u 1.732 Uo

Uc value for differential mode(protection between phase and neutral)

u 1.1 Uo u 1.1 Uo u 1.1 Uo

Uo: simple network voltage between phase and neutralUc: full voltage under permanent operating conditions.

Note: Rated impulse withstand voltage is an impulse withstand voltage assigned by the manufacturer to the equipment or to a part of it, characterizing the specified capability of its insulation against overvoltages (in accordance with 1.3.9.2 of IEC 60664.1).

Choosing surge arresters for LV networks


Placing several surge arresters in a cascading configurationThe incoming protection device (P1) is dimensioned to run-off lightning currents at the source of the installation, 2 cases are possible:b if there is a level of protection (Up) too high for the impulse

withstand voltage (Uchoc) of the installation’s equipment (figure 1): v a secondary protection surge arrester (P2) placed near loads

is sufficient, to lower the voltage and make it compatible with the impulse withstand voltage of the equipment to be protected (see installation constraints section).

b if sensitive equipment is too far from the incoming protection device (d u 30 m figure 2):

v a secondary protection surge arrester (P2) placed near loads suffices, to lower the voltage and make it compatible with the impulse withstand voltage of the equipment to be protected (see installation constraints section).

E: equipment to be protected (impulse withstand of 1.5 kV)

P1: incoming protection device dimensioned with In and Imax that are sufficient enough to face lightning currents that may appear and with a level of protection of 1.8 kV

P�: surge arrester near equipment to be protected with an adapted level of protection and which is co-ordonated with P1

E: equipment to be protected (impulse withstand of 1.5 kV)P1: incoming protection device dimensioned with In and Imax that are sufficient enough to face lightning currents that may appear and with a level of protection of 1.5 kV. This level of 1.5 kV is acceptable in principle, but the distance d is too greatP�: surge arrester near equipment to be

protected with an adapted level of protection and which is co-ordonated with P1

Up surge arrester < Uchoc switchgearExample figure 1 Example figure 2

DB

1079

05

DB

1079

04

79

11

80


Choice depending on the earthing system PRF1 and PRD1 offers Type 1 (class 1 test)

Type of surge arresters

TT TN-S TN-C IT distributed neutral

IT non-distributed

PRF1Uc = 260 V 1P+1N/PE 1P+1N/PE 1P

3 x 1P+1N/PE

3 x 1P+1N/PE

3x1P

Uc = 400 V 1P+N 1P+N 1P 1P+N 1P3P+N 3P+N 3P 3P+N 3P

Combi PRF1Uc = 260 V 1P+N 1P+N

3P+N 3P+NPRF1 MasterUc = 440 V 2 x 1P 2 x 1P 1P 2 x 1P 1P

4 x 1P 4 x 1P 3 x 1P 4 x 1P 3 x 1PPRD1 Uc = 340 V 2P (1) 2P 3P

4P (1) 4P (1) Utilisable seulement si système différentiel en amont du PRD1.

Choice depending on the earthing system PRD, PF offers Type � (class � test)

Type of surge arresters

TT TN-S TN-C IT

PRDMC 1P 2P 1P

2P3P

Uc = 340 V 4P

MC 3PUc = 440 V 4PMC/MD 1P+N 1P+NUc = 440/340 V 3P+N 3P+N

PFMC 1P 2P 1P

2P3P

Uc = 340 V 4P

MCUc = 440 VMC/MD 1P+N 1P+NUc = 440/340 V 3P+N 3P+N

DB

1080

41

PRF1 Type 1 surge arrester and

Type � surge arrester combination tablesRappel: use of the air gap technology makes the PRF1 and type 2 surge arrester combination essential.


In the same switchboard In two separate switchboards

TT (TN-S) Type 1 CB +Type � (1) CBUc260 V

1P+N PRF1 1P 260 V+ PRF1 50 N/PE (ref. 166�1 + 166��)

D125 A 2P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 1P (ref. 16561)

1P 40 A curve C

PF40 1P (ref. 15686)

3P+N 3x PRF1 1P 260 V+ PRF1 100 N/PE (3x ref. 166�1 + 166�4)

D125 A 4P (ref. 185�4)

PRD40r 3P (ref. 16445)

3P 40 A curve C

PF40 3P (ref. 1558�)

TT (TN-S) Type 1 CB +Type � CBUc260 V

1P+N PRF1 1P 260 V+ PRF1 50 N/PE (ref. 166�1 + 166��)

D125 A 2P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 1P+N (ref. 1656�)

2P 40 A curve C

PF40 1P+N (ref. 15687)

3P+N 3x PRF1 1P 260 V+ PRF1 100 N/PE (3x ref. 166�1 + 166�4)

D125 A 4P (ref.185�4)

PRD40r 3P+N (ref. 16564)

4P 40 A curve C

PF40r 3P+N (ref. 15690)

TN-S Type 1 CB +Type � CB TN-S Type 1 CB +Type � CBUc260 V

1P+N 2x PRF1 1P 260 V(ref. 166�1)

D125 A 2P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 2P (ref. 16444)

2P 40 A curve C

Uc260 V

1P+N 2x PRF1 1P 260 V(ref. 166�1)

D125 A 2P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 2P (ref. 16444)

2P 40 A curve C

3P+N 4x PRF1 1P 260 V(ref. 166�1)

D125 A 4P (ref. 185�4)

PRD40r 4P (ref. 16664)

4P 40 A curve C

3P+N 4x PRF1 1P 260 V(ref. 166�1)

D125 A 4P (ref. 185�4)

PRD40r 4P (ref. 16664)

4P 40 A curve C

IT (+N) Type 1 CB +Type � CB IT (+N) Type 1 CB +Type � CB

Uc440 V

3P+N PRF1 3P+N 440 V (ref. 166�8)

D125 A 4P (ref. 185�4)

PRD40r 3P IT 460 V (ref. 1656�)

3P 40 A curve C

Uc440 V

3P+N PRF1 3P+N 440 V (ref. 166�8)

D125 A 4P (ref. 185�4)

PRD40r 4P IT (ref. 16597)

4P 40 A curve C

DB

1079

10

DB

1079

11D

B10

8019

DB

1080

18

81

11

8�

PRF1 Type 1 surge arrester and Type � surge arrester combination tables (cont.)



TN-C Type 1ref. CB +Type � CB TN-C Type 1 CB +Type � CBUc260 V

3P 3x PRF1 1P 260 V(3x ref. 166�1)

D125 A 3P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 3P (ref. 16445)

3P 40 A curve C

Uc260 V

3P 3x PRF1 1P 260 V(3x ref. 166�1)

D125 A 3P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 3P

(ref. 16445)

3P 40 A curve C

PF40 3P (ref. 1558�)

PF40 3P (ref. 1558�)

IT Type 1 CB +Type � CB IT Type 1 CB +Type � CBUc440 V

3P PRF1 3P 440 V (ref. 166�7)

D125 A 3P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 3P IT

(ref. 1656�)

3P 40 A curve C

Uc440 V

3P PRF1 3P 440 V (ref. 166�7)

D125 A 3P (ref. 185��)

PRD40r 3P IT

(ref. 1656�)

3P 40 A curve C

TT/TN-S Type 1 CB +Type � CBUc260 V

1P+N Combi PRF1 1P+N (ref. 166�6)

built-in PRD40r 1P+N (ref. 1656�)

2P 40 A curve C

PF40 1P+N(ref. 15687)

3P+N Combi PRF1 3P+N (ref. 166�9)

built-in PRD40r 3P+N (ref. 16564)

4P 40 A curve C

PF40r 3P+N(ref. 15690)

Combi PRF1 Type 1 surge arrester and Type � surge arrester combination tableIn two separete switchboards

DB

1079

12

DB

1079

13

DB

1081

86



TN-S (TT)/IT (+N)

Type 1 CB +Type � CB TN-S (TT)/IT (N+)

Type 1 CB +Type � CB

Uc440 V

3P+N 4x PRF1 Master 1P 440 V (4x ref. 166�0)

NS160 TM160D 4P (ref. �0650)

PRD40r 4P IT

(ref. 16597)

4P 40 A curve C

Uc440 V

3P+N 4x PRF1 Master 1P 440 V (4x ref. 166�0)

NS160 TM160D 4P (ref. �0650)

PRD40r 4P IT

(ref. 16597)

4P 40 A curve C

TN-C/IT Type 1 CB +Type � CB TN-C/IT Type 1 CB +Type � CBUc440 V

3P 3x PRF1 Master 1P 440 V (3x ref. 166�0)

NS160NTM160D 3P (ref. �06�0)

PRD40r 3P IT 460 V (ref. 1656�)

3P 40 A curve C

Uc440 V

3P 3x PRF1 Master 1P 440 V (3x ref. 166�0)

NS160N TM160D 3P (ref. �06�0)

PRD40r 3P IT 460 V (ref. 1656�)

3P 40 A curve C

PRF1 Type 1 Master surge arrester and Type � surge arrester combination tables

DB

1079

06

DB

1079

08

DB

1079

08

DB

1079

09

8�

11

84

Type 1 surge arresters (class 1 test)b PRF1 are dimensioned to conduct direct lightning currents with a 10/350 wave

formb PRF1 are surge arresters that use “encapsulated air-filled spark gap “ type

technology without arc deviceb when the lightning current flows in the PRF1 surge arrester, a follow current (If) is

created. If the value of current Ifi is greater than the prospective short-circuit current at the installation point, the PRF1 surge arrester discharges by itself, without the help of the associated protective device.

Otherwise, the protective device may trip. An OF indication auxiliary associated with the protective device should be provided to warn the user that loads are no longer protected as long as the protective device is not reset (see the “indication” section).b the PRF1 Master surge arrester uses an “air spark gap” type technology with

electronic arcing.Its main feature is its high level of protection and its good capacity to extinguish the 25 kA follow current without tripping the associated disconnection device.The extinction of the electrical arc is facilitated by sheet-metal elements that divide the latter into several partial arcs. This technology increases the reliability of the operation and the availability of the protected installation.

Type � surge arresters (class � test)b these surge arresters use “varistor” type technology or “varistor + gas-filled spark

gap” technologyb they are dimensioned to conduct indirect lightning currents with an 8/20 wave form.

Choosing the disconnection deviceAfter having chosen the surge arrester(s) needed to protect the installation, the appropriate disconnection circuit-breaker is to be chosen from the opposite table: b its breaking capacity must be compatible with the installation’s breaking capacity b each live conductor must be protected example: a 1P+N surge arrester must be

combined with a 2P disconnection device (2 protected poles).


Type 1 surge arrestersType of surge arrester Disconnection devicePRF1 D125 125 A curve D

or fuse NH type gG (gL) 125 APRF1 Master NS160N TM160D or fuse NH type gG (gL) 160 APRD1 C120

Type � surge arrestersMax. lightning discharge current Disconnection circuit-breaker

Rating Curve65 kA 50 A C40 kA 40 A C20 kA 25 A C8 kA 20 A C

Coordination between Type 1 surge arresters (class 1 test) and Type � surge arresters (class � test)To guarantee optimum protection of loads against direct effects (10/350 wave form) and surges (8/20 wave form), induced or conducted, Type 1 and Type 2 surge arresters must be installed in cascade.There are 2 cases:b the Type 1 and Type 2 surge arresters are installed in the same switchboard: v the Type 1 surge arrester with air spark gap technology has the same steady state voltage (Uc) as the Type 2 surge arrester with varistors v the Type 1 surge arrester Neutral/PE pole is common to both surge arrestersb the Type 1 and Type 2 surge arresters are installed in two separate switchboards:The Type 1 surge arrester has the same steady state voltage (Uc) as the Type 2 surge arrester.

In both cases, each surge arrester is associated with its protective device. An OF opening indication auxiliary for the protection devices is recommended.


Installation constraints Type 1 surge arresterIf the distance between the box housing the Type 1 PRF1 surge arrester and the loads is greater than 30 m, then the Type 2 surge arrester (PF, PE, PRD, STM) must be assembled as close to the loads as possible.

b The 50 cm rule also applies to the PRF1 surge arrester connection.

DB

1079

55

DB

1079

57D

B10

7956

85

11

86


Installation constraints Type 1 (PRD1) and Type � (PF, PRD) surge arresterThe 50 cm rule in the switchboard Connections must be as short as possible. Do not exceed a distance of 50 cm, to efficiently protect electrical loads.

Co-ordinating � surge arresters (the 10 m rule)In the case of an exposed site and the presance of sensitive loads, it is recommended to coordinate upstream and downstream protection in a cascading configuration.

DB

1079

58D

B10

7959


Case of earth leakage devicesIn installations fitted out with a general earth leakage protection, it is preferable to place the surge arrester upstream from this protection. However, certain power distributors do not allow intervention at this distribution level (this is for instance the case for LV subscribers in France).It is therefore necessary to plan a selective device of the s

type, or with delayed

tripping, so that when the current runs off to the earth through the surge arrester, it does not produce nuisance tripping of the incoming circuit-breaker.

The best way to guarantee the continuity of supply of priority circuits, while ensuring safety in the case of atmospheric disturbances is to combine:b a surge arrester that can protect sensitive loads against atmospheric

overvoltages b a circuit-breaker with an upstream earth leakage protection device of 300/500

mA selective, to ensure total earth leakage discrimination b a residual current device of 30 mA s

type placed downstream is insensitive to this

type of disturbance.

Another solution can be foreseen: use a circuit-breaker (not earth leakage) at the incoming end of the installation followed by a residual current circuit-breaker. The surge arrester is to be connected between the two devices (see below).Careful, the link L must be class II.

Choice depending on the communication networkType of network Series PRC PRI 1�…48 V PRI 6 VTelecommunicationDigital 300 Hz RTCNumeris access T0Specialised 24 V lineSpecialised modem line base band 64 kbit/sMIC line and access T2ComputerCurrent loop 200 VCurrent loop 12…48 VRS 232 (12 V)RS 485 (12 V)Current loop 6 VRS 422 (6 V)RS 423 (6 V)Supply 1�/48 VFire safety centralising equipment, ELV load, intrusion centralising

DB

1081

88D

B10

8189

DB

1081

90

87

11

88

Surge arrestersIndications

Surge arrester end of life indicationA variety of indication devices are provided to warn the user that loads are no longer protected against atmospheric surges.

Type 1 surge arresters: PRF1 1P �60 V, Combi 1P+N and �P+N and PRF1 Master with air spark gap technologyThese surge arresters have an indicator that show whether the module is operating correctly. This indicator requires an operating voltage of min. 120 V AC.It does not come on:b if the operating voltage is y 120 V ACb if there is no supply voltageb if the arcing electronics are faulty.

Type 1 (PRD1) and Type � (PF, PRD) surge arresters (varistor, varistor + gas spark gap)End of life takes the form of destruction of the surge arrester or cartridge.This can be one of 2 types:b internal end of life disconnection: v the accumulation of electrical shocks causes the varistors to age, which

translates into a rise in the leakage current. Above 1 mA, there is thermal runaway and disconnection of the surge arrester

b external end of life disconnection: v is produced when an overvoltage is too energetic (lightning stroke directly on

the line), above the surge arrester’s flow capacity there where the varistors are placed in solid short-circuit with the earth (or possible between the phase and neutral)

v this short-circuit is eliminated by opening of the disconnection circuit-breaker that must be associated.

Surge arresters for communication networksThe surge arrestor is only at the end of life in short-circuit, following the accumulation of electrical shocks which causes it to age or following an overvoltage that is too energetic.

PRD65r, PRD40r and PRD�0r surge arrestersThese surge arresters include:b a built-in NO/NC remote indication contact b a mechanical indicator on the front panel: v white: normal operation (1) v red: cartridge to be immediately replaced (�).

Series PRD65, PRD40, PRD�0, PRD8, PRC and PRI surge arrestersThese surge arresters include:b a mechanical indicator on front panel: v white: normal operation v red: surge arrester to be immediately replaced.

PRD surge arrestersThese surge arresters include:b a mechanical indicator on the front panel: v white: normal operation v red: cartridge is to be immediately replaced.

PF surge arrestersThese surge arresters include:b a built-in remote indication NC contact for the PF65r and PF30r modelsb an green/red light indicator on the front panel: v green: normal operation v red: surge arrester to be immediately replaced.

DB

1079

18

DB

1079

19

(1). (2).

Protective device opening indicationType 1 surge arrestersThe Type 1 surge arrester protective device can be tripped in two cases:b when the follow current (Ifi) extinguishing capacity of the surge arrester is less

than the prospective short-circuit current of the installationb when the Type 1 surge arrester is at the end of life (internal short-circuit).An OF indication transfer auxiliary is recommended to indicate opening of the protective device.

Type � surge arrestersThe Type 2 surge arrester protective device can be tripped in event of end of life (internal short-circuit).An OF indication transfer auxiliary is recommended to indicate opening of the protective device.

Optimum indication

Association PRF1 + PRD40This consists of serial connecting the various indication auxiliaries:b the OF contact of the Type 1 surge arrester protective device (diagrams 1 and 2)b the OF contact of the Type 2 surge arrester protective device (diagrams 1 and 2)b the transfer contact built into the PF65r, PF30r, PRD65r and PRD40r surge

arresters (diagram 3)b the EM/RM indication auxiliary (diagram 4).Indication of proper operation of lightning protection by green indicator light.

Indication of placing out of operation of lightning protection by red indicator light or indication by supply breaking (MX).This diagram has the drawback of placing the entire installation out of operation as long as the surge arrester is not replaced or the protective device is not reset.It cannot therefore be used in cases when continuity of supply is required (fire alarm, remote monitoring, etc.).Note: an automatic recloser can be associated with the Type 1 surge arrester D125 protective device as per diagram 5.

Surge arrestersIndications

Diagram 2.

Diagram 1.

Diagram 3.

Diagram 4.

89

11

90

Catalogue Numbers

1�. PF surge arresters 0 12.1. Fixed Type 2 LV surge arresters

The PF multi-pole single-piece surge arrester range is adapted to all earthing systems: TT, TN-S, TN-C and IT. The PF surge arresters with “r” indication have remote transfer of the information: “surge arrester to be replaced”.

Each surge arrester in the range has a specific application:b incoming protection: v the PF65(r) is recommended for a very high risk level (strongly exposed site) v the PF40(r) is recommended for a high risk level v the PF20 is recommended for a low risk levelb secondary protection: v the PF8 ensures secondary protection of loads to be protected and is placed in

cascade with the incoming surge arresters. This surge arrester is required when the loads to be protected are at a distance of more than 30 m from the incoming surge arrester.

Rated discharge current (In) Type of protection

Incoming Secondary

65 kAVery high risk level (strongly exposed site) PF65

40 kAHigh risk level PF40

�0 kALow risk level PF20

8 kAPF8

PB

1016

66P

B10

1667

1P+N

3P+N

PF surge arresters 0 Fixed Type 2 LV surge arresters

Network Earthing Transfer Surge Associated 1P+N �P+N 1P �P �P 4P system arrester name protection device

1568� TT & TN PF65 1P 50 A C curve 15684 TT & TN-S PF65 1P+N 15584 TN PF65 2P 15581 TN-C PF65 3P 15685 TT & TN-S b PF65r 3P+N

15586 TT & TN-S PF65 3P+N 15585 TN-S b PF65r 4P

15686 TT & TN PF40 1P 40 A C curve 15687 TT & TN-S PF40 1P+N

15587 TN PF40 2P 1558� TN-C PF40 3P 15690 TT & TN-S b PF40r 3P+N 15688 TT & TN-S PF40 3P+N 15590 TN-S b PF40r 4P

15588 TN-S PF40 4P

15691 TT & TN PF20 1P 25 A C curve1569� TT & TN-S PF20 1P+N 1559� TN PF20 2P 15597 TN-C PF20 3P

1569� TT & TN-S PF20 3P+N1559� TN-S PF20 4P

15694 TT & TN PF8 1P 20 A C curve15695 TT & TN-S PF8 1P+N

15595 TN PF8 2P 15598 TN-C PF8 3P

15696 TT & TN-S PF8 3P+N 15596 TN-S PF8 4P

91

12

9�

PF surge arresters 0 Fixed Type 2 LV surge arresters

Technical data

Surge arrester

Nbr of poles

Width Imax In Up Network rated

Uc Cat. no.

in mod. of 9 mm

kA kA kV V V CM DM CM DM

L/t L/N L/t L/N PF65PF65 1P 1P 2 65 20 ≤1.5 230 340 15683PF65 1P+N 1P+N 4 65 20 ≤1.5 ≤1.4 230 260 340 15684PF65 2P 2P 4 65 20 ≤1.5 230 340 15584PF65 3P 3P 8 65 20 ≤1.5 230/400 340 15581PF65r 3P+N 3P+N 8 65 20 ≤1.5 ≤1.4 230/400 260 340 15685PF65 3P+N 3P+N 8 65 20 ≤1.5 ≤1.4 230/400 260 340 15586PF65r 4P 4P 8 65 20 ≤1.5 230/400 340 15585PF40PF40 1P 1P 2 40 15 ≤1.5 230 340 15686PF40 1P+N 1P+N 4 40 15 ≤1.5 ≤1.4 230 260 340 15687PF40 2P 2P 4 40 15 ≤1.5 230 340 15587PF40 3P 3P 8 40 15 ≤1.5 230/400 340 15582PF40 3P+N 3P+N 8 40 15 ≤1.5 ≤1.4 230/400 260 340 15690PF40r 3P+N 3P+N 8 40 15 ≤1.5 ≤1.4 230/400 260 340 15688PF40r 4P 4P 8 40 15 ≤1.5 230/400 340 15590PF40 4P 4P 8 40 15 ≤1.5 230/400 340 15588PF20PF20 1P 1P 2 20 5 ≤1.1 230 340 15691PF20 1P+N 1P+N 4 20 5 ≤1.5 ≤1.1 230 260 340 15692PF20 2P 2P 4 20 5 ≤1.1 230 340 15592PF20 3P 3P 8 20 5 ≤1.1 230/400 340 15597PF20 3P+N 3P+N 8 20 5 ≤1.5 ≤1.1 230/400 260 340 15693PF20 4P 4P 8 20 5 ≤1.1 230/400 340 1559�PF8PF8 1P 1P 2 8 2.5 ≤1 230 340 15694PF8 1P+N 1P+N 4 8 2.5 ≤1.5 ≤1 230 260 340 15695PF8 2P 2P 4 8 2.5 ≤1 230 340 15595PF8 3P 3P 8 8 2.5 ≤1 230/400 340 15598PF8 3P+N 3P+N 8 8 2.5 ≤1.5 ≤1 230/400 260 340 15696PF8 4P 4P 8 8 2.5 ≤1 230/400 340 15596

CM: common mode (phase to earth and neutral to earth).DM: differential mode (phase to neutral).

Operating frequency 50/60 HzOperating voltage 230/400 V ACIc permanent operating current < 1 mAResponse time < 25 nsEnd of life indication: by green/red mechanical indicator

Green in operationRed at end of life

End of life remote indication by contact NO, NC 250 V / 0.25 AType of connection terminals tunnel terminals, 2.5 to 35 mm2

Operating temperature -25 °C to +60 °CStandards IEC 61643-1 T2

and EN 61643-11 Type 2

9�

12

94

Catalogue Numbers

PRD surge arresters 0 12.2 Withdrawable Type 2 LV surge arresters

PRD withdrawable surge arresters allow quick replacement of damaged cartridges. The withdrawable surge arresters with “r” indication have remote transfer of the information: “cartridge to be replaced”.

Each surge arrester in the range has a specific application:b incoming protection: v the PRD65(r) is recommended for a very high risk level (strongly exposed site) v the PRD40(r) is recommended for a high risk level v the PRD20(r) is recommended for a low risk levelb secondary protection: v the PRD8(r) ensures secondary protection of loads to be protected and is

placed in cascade with the incoming surge arresters. This surge arrester is required when the loads to be protected are at a distance of more than 30 m from the incoming surge arrester.

1P+N

3P+N

Cartridge

PB

1016

63P

B10

1665

PB

1016

64

Rated discharge current (In) Type of protectionIncoming Secondary

65 kAVery high risk level (strongly exposed site) PRD65

40 kAHigh risk level PRD40

�0 kALow risk level PRD20

8 kAPRD8

DB

1077

60

DB

1077

61

Network Earthing system

Transfer Surge arrester name

Associated protection device1P+N �P+N 1P �P �P 4P

16555 IT b PRD65r 1P IT 50 A C curve 16556 TT & TN b PRD65r 1P 16557 TT & TN-S b PRD65r 1P+N 1644� TN b PRD65r 2P

16558 IT b PRD65r 3P IT 1644� TN-C b PRD65r 3P 16559 TT & TN-S b PRD65r 3P+N 16659 TN-S b PRD65r 4P

16561 TT & TN b PRD40r 1P 40 A C curve 16566 TT & TN PRD40 1P 1656� TT & TN-S b PRD40r 1P+N 16567 TT & TN-S PRD40 1P+N 16444 TN b PRD40r 2P 16667 TN PRD40 2P 16445 TN-C b PRD40r 3P 16568 TN-C PRD40 3P 1656� IT b PRD40r 3P IT 16564 TT & TN-S b PRD40r 3P+N 16569 TT & TN-S PRD40 3P+N 16597 IT b PRD40r 4P IT 16664 TN-S b PRD40r 4P

16669 TN-S PRD40 4P

16571 TT & TN PRD20 1P 25 A C curve1667� TT & TN-S b PRD20r 1P+N1657� TT & TN-S PRD20 1P+N

16446 TN PRD20 2P 16447 TN-C PRD20 3P 1657� IT b PRD20r 3P IT

16674 TT & TN-S b PRD20r 3P+N16574 TT & TN-S PRD20 3P+N

16599 IT b PRD20r 4P IT1667� TN-S PRD20 4P

16576 TT & TN PRD8 1P 20 A C curve16677 TT & TN-S b PRD8r 1P+N16577 TT & TN-S PRD8 1P+N

16448 TN PRD8 2P 16449 TN-C PRD8 3P 16578 IT b PRD8r 3P IT


16678 IT b PRD8r 4P IT 16680 TN-S PRD8 4P

Rated discharge current (In) Type of protectionIncoming Secondary

65 kAVery high risk level (strongly exposed site) PRD65

40 kAHigh risk level PRD40

�0 kALow risk level PRD20

8 kAPRD8

DB

1077

60

DB

1077

61

Network Earthing system

Transfer Surge arrester name

Associated protection device1P+N �P+N 1P �P �P 4P

16555 IT b PRD65r 1P IT 50 A C curve 16556 TT & TN b PRD65r 1P 16557 TT & TN-S b PRD65r 1P+N 1644� TN b PRD65r 2P

16558 IT b PRD65r 3P IT 1644� TN-C b PRD65r 3P 16559 TT & TN-S b PRD65r 3P+N 16659 TN-S b PRD65r 4P

16561 TT & TN b PRD40r 1P 40 A C curve 16566 TT & TN PRD40 1P 1656� TT & TN-S b PRD40r 1P+N 16567 TT & TN-S PRD40 1P+N 16444 TN b PRD40r 2P 16667 TN PRD40 2P 16445 TN-C b PRD40r 3P 16568 TN-C PRD40 3P 1656� IT b PRD40r 3P IT 16564 TT & TN-S b PRD40r 3P+N 16569 TT & TN-S PRD40 3P+N 16597 IT b PRD40r 4P IT 16664 TN-S b PRD40r 4P

16669 TN-S PRD40 4P

16571 TT & TN PRD20 1P 25 A C curve1667� TT & TN-S b PRD20r 1P+N1657� TT & TN-S PRD20 1P+N

16446 TN PRD20 2P 16447 TN-C PRD20 3P 1657� IT b PRD20r 3P IT


16599 IT b PRD20r 4P IT1667� TN-S PRD20 4P

16576 TT & TN PRD8 1P 20 A C curve16677 TT & TN-S b PRD8r 1P+N16577 TT & TN-S PRD8 1P+N

16448 TN PRD8 2P 16449 TN-C PRD8 3P 16578 IT b PRD8r 3P IT


16678 IT b PRD8r 4P IT 16680 TN-S PRD8 4P

PRD surge arresters 0 Withdrawable Type 2 LV surge arresters

95

12

96

PRD surge arresters 0 Withdrawable Type 2 LV surge arresters

Technical data

Surge arrester name

Nbr of poles Width Imax In Up Network rated voltage

Uc Cat. no.

in mod. of 9 mm

kA kA V CM DM

V VCM DM

L/t L/N L/t L/N PRD65PRD65r 1P IT 1P 2 65 20 ≤2.0 230 440 16555PRD65r 1P 1P 2 65 20 ≤1.5 230 340 16556PRD65r 1P+N 1P+N 4 65 20 ≤1.4 ≤1.5 230 260 340 16557PRD65r 2P 2P 4 65 20 ≤1.5 230 340 1644�PRD65r 3P IT 3P 6 65 20 ≤2.0 230/400 440 16558PRD65r 3P 3P 6 65 20 ≤1.5 230/400 340 1644�PRD65r 3P+N 3P+N 8 65 20 ≤1.4 ≤1.5 230/400 260 340 16559PRD65r 4P 4P 8 65 20 ≤1.5 230/400 340 16659PRD40PRD40r 1P 1P 2 40 15 ≤1.4 230 340 16561PRD40 1P 1P 2 40 15 ≤1.4 230 340 16566PRD40r 1P+N 1P+N 4 40 15 ≤1.4 ≤1.4 230 260 340 1656�PRD40 1P+N 1P+N 4 40 15 ≤1.4 ≤1.4 230 260 340 16567PRD40r 2P 2P 4 40 15 ≤1.4 230 340 16444PRD40 2P 2P 4 40 15 ≤1.4 230 340 16667PRD40r 3P 3P 6 40 15 ≤1.4 230/400 340 16445PRD40 3P 3P 6 40 15 ≤1.4 230/400 340 16568PRD40r 3P IT 3P 6 40 15 ≤1.8 230/400 460 1656�PRD40r 3P+N 3P+N 8 40 15 ≤1.4 ≤1.4 230/400 260 340 16564PRD40 3P+N 3P+N 8 40 15 ≤1.4 ≤1.4 230/400 260 340 16569PRD40r 4P IT 4P 8 40 15 ≤1.8 230/400 460 16597PRD40r 4P 4P 8 40 15 ≤1.4 230/400 340 16664PRD40 4P 4P 8 40 15 ≤1.4 230/400 340 16669PRD�0PRD20 1P 1P 2 20 5 ≤1.1 230 340 16571PRD20r 1P+N 1P+N 4 20 5 ≤1.4 ≤1.1 230 260 340 1667�PRD20 1P+N 1P+N 4 20 5 ≤1.4 ≤1.1 230 260 340 1657�PRD20 2P 2P 4 20 5 ≤1.1 230 340 16446PRD20 3P 3P 6 20 5 ≤1.1 230/400 340 16447PRD20r 3P IT 3P 6 20 5 ≤1.4 230/400 460 1657�PRD20r 3P+N 3P+N 8 20 5 ≤1.4 ≤1.1 230/400 260 340 16674PRD20 3P+N 3P+N 8 20 5 ≤1.4 ≤1.1 230/400 260 340 16574PRD20r 4P IT 4P 8 20 5 ≤1.4 230/400 460 16599PRD20 4P 4P 8 20 5 ≤1.1 230/400 340 1667�PRD8PRD8 1P 1P 2 8 2.5 ≤1.0 230 340 16576PRD8r 1P+N 1P+N 4 8 2.5 ≤1.4 ≤1.0 230 260 340 16677PRD8 1P+N 1P+N 4 8 2.5 ≤1.4 ≤1.0 230 260 340 16577PRD8 2P 2P 4 8 2.5 ≤1.0 230 340 16448PRD8 3P 3P 6 8 2.5 ≤1.0 230/400 340 16449PRD8r 3P IT 3P 6 8 2.5 ≤1.1 230/400 460 16578PRD8r 3P+N 3P+N 8 8 2.5 ≤1.4 ≤1.0 230/400 260 340 16679PRD8 3P+N 3P+N 8 8 2.5 ≤1.4 ≤1.0 230/400 260 340 16579PRD8r 4P IT 4P 8 8 2.5 ≤1.1 230/400 460 16678PRD8 4P 4P 8 8 2.5 ≤1.0 230/400 340 16680

CM : common mode (phase to earth and neutral to earth)

DM : differential mode (phase to neutral)

Spare cartridges

Type Spare cartridges for Cat. no Operating frequency 50/60 HzOperating voltage 230/400 V AC

C 65-440 PRD65r IT 16580 Ic permanent operating current < 1 mAC 65-340 PRD65r 16681 Response time < 25 nsC 40-460 PRD40r IT 16684 End of life indication:

by white/red mechanical indicatorWhite in operation

C 40-340 PRD40, PRD40r 16685 Red at end of lifeC 20-460 PRD20r IT 16686 End of life remote indication by contact NO, NC 250 V / 0.25 AC 20-340 PRD20, PRD20r 16687 Type of connection terminals tunnel terminals, 2.5 to 35 mm²C 8-460 PRD8r IT 16688 Operating temperature -25 °C to +60 °CC 8-340 PRD8, PRD8r 16689 Standards IEC 61643-1 T2

and EN 61643-11 Type 2C neutral All products 16691

97

12

98

PRF1/PRF1 Master surge arresters 12.3. Type 1 LV surge arrester

Catalogue Numbers

DB

1086

07

Rated discharge current (Isc)

Type of surge arrester

Product solution

1P+N �P+N6 kA PRF1

166�1 + 166��166�5

3 x 166�1 + 166�4 166�8

Combined 166�6166�9

50 kA PRF1 Master

PB

1010

94-3

0

PB

1010

95-3

0

PB

1010

96-3

0

PB

1010

97-3

0

16621 16622 16623 16624

PB

1011

01-3

5

PB

1011

06-3

7

16626 16629

PRF1The Type 1 PRF1 surge arrester protects electrical installations against direct lightning strokes. It is recommended for electrical installations in tertiary and industrial buildings protected by a lightning conductor or by a meshed cage.It is used to run to earth a direct lightning current propagated through the live conductors and the earth conductor. It must be installed with an upstream fuse type or circuit-breaker type protection (disconnection) device whose breaking capacity must be at least equal to the maximum prospective short-circuit current at the installation point

DB

1086

09

Earthing system Fixing accessory

Disconnection circuit-breaker

�P �P 4P Recommended Technical data Cat. no.3 x 166�1 TNC 125 A curve D D125 cat. no.: 185��3 x 166�7 TNC, IT non-distributed neutral 1664� D125 cat. no.: 185��

TT, TNS 16641 D125 cat. no.: 185��TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral D125 cat. no.: 185��TT, TNS 1664� D125 cat. no.: 185�4TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral D125 cat. no.: 185�4TT, TNS Integrated -TT, TNS -

2 x 166�0 TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral 1664� 160 A curve D NS160N TM160D cat. no.: �06�03 x 166�0 TNC, IT non-distributed neutral 16644 NS160N TM160D cat. no.: �06�0

4 x 166�0 TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral 16645 NS160N TM160D cat. no.: �0650

PB

1010

99-3

0

PB

1011

02-3

0

PB

1011

04-3

0

16625 16627 16628

PB

1019

56-5

0

16630

DB

1086

07

Rated discharge current (Isc)

Type of surge arrester

Product solution

1P+N �P+N6 kA PRF1

166�1 + 166��166�5

3 x 166�1 + 166�4 166�8

Combined 166�6166�9

50 kA PRF1 Master

PB

1010

94-3

0

PB

1010

95-3

0

PB

1010

96-3

0

PB

1010

97-3

0

16621 16622 16623 16624

PB

1011

01-3

5

PB

1011

06-3

7

16626 16629

PRF1/PRF1 Master surge arresters Type 1 LV surge arrester

DB

1086

09

Earthing system Fixing accessory

Disconnection circuit-breaker

�P �P 4P Recommended Technical data Cat. no.3 x 166�1 TNC 125 A curve D D125 cat. no.: 185��3 x 166�7 TNC, IT non-distributed neutral 1664� D125 cat. no.: 185��

TT, TNS 16641 D125 cat. no.: 185��TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral D125 cat. no.: 185��TT, TNS 1664� D125 cat. no.: 185�4TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral D125 cat. no.: 185�4TT, TNS Integrated -TT, TNS -

2 x 166�0 TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral 1664� 160 A curve D NS160N TM160D cat. no.: �06�03 x 166�0 TNC, IT non-distributed neutral 16644 NS160N TM160D cat. no.: �06�0

4 x 166�0 TT, TNS, IT distributed neutral 16645 NS160N TM160D cat. no.: �0650

PB

1010

99-3

0

PB

1011

02-3

0

PB

1011

04-3

0

16625 16627 16628

PB

1019

56-5

0

16630

99

12

100

Name of the surge arrester

No. of poles

Width I imp (kA) (10/�50) In Up Un Uc Cat. no.

9 mm modules

Surge arrester

Surge arrester + disconnector

kA kV V AC V AC

PRF1 PRF1 1P 260 V 1P 2 35 25 35 0,9 230 260 166�1PRF1 1P 440 V 1P 2 35 25 35 1,5 230 440 166��PRF1 N/PE 50 1P 260 V Neutral 2 50 50 50 1,5 230 260 166��PRF1 N/PE 100 1P 260 V Neutral 4 100 100 100 1,5 230 260 166�4PRF1 1P+N 440 V 1P+N 4 35/50 N/PE 25/50 N/PE 35/50 N/PE 1,5 230 440 166�5PRF1 3P 440 V 3P 6 35 25 35 1,5 230 / 400 440 166�7PRF1 3P+N 440 V 3P+N 10 35/100 N/PE 25/100 N/PE 35/100 N/PE 1,5 230 / 400 440 166�8PRF1 MasterPRF1 Master 1 P 440 V 1P 4 50 35 50 1,5 230 440 166�0Combi PRF1Combi PRF1 1P+N 260 V 1P+N 10 - 25/50 N/PE 35/50 N/PE 0,9 230 260 166�6Combi PRF1 3P+N 260/440 V 3P+N 20 - 25/50 N/PE 35/50 N/PE 0,9 230 / 400 260 166�9


b operating frequency: 50/60 Hzb breaking capacity (with protection device): PRF1: 6 kA / 230 V, 3 kA / 400 VPRF1 Master: 36 kA / 230 V, 8 kA / 400 Vb response time: y 1 µsb connection: by tunnel terminal PRF1, combis PRF1 PRF1 Master Rigid cable 10...25 mm² 10...50 mm²Flexible cable 10...25 mm² 16...35 mm² b biconnect by fork type comb busbarb end-of-life indication:b for items: PRF1: 16621; Combi PRF1: 16626, 16629v by indicator:- green: correct operation- off: at end of lifeb degree of protection:v front panel: IP40v terminals: IP20b operating temperature: -40 ˚C... +85 ˚Cb standards: IEC 61643-1, EN 61643-11 type 1.

PB

1011

07-1

5

AccessoriesType Number

of polesCat. no.

2P Wiring comb busbars 2 166413P Wiring comb busbars 3 1664�

16641 4P Wiring comb busbars 4 1664�6P Wiring comb busbars 6 166448P Wiring comb busbars 8 16645200 mm flexible cable (PRF1 Master) 16646

PB

1011

00-3

0

Disconnection circuit-breaker for PRF1This circuit-breaker is tested in conjunction with the PRF1 surge arrester with a 10/350 wave form. It is used specifically for the protection of surge arresters from the PRF1 range.The assembly conforms to IEC 61643-1 and EN 61643-11 standards.Type Number

of polesRating(A)

Curve Widthin 9 mmmodules

Cat. no.

D125 2 125 D 4 185��3 125 D 6 185��

18532 4 125 D 8 185�4

PB

1011

08-3

0

PB

1006

26-3

0

D1�5 circuit-breaker auxiliaries Type Width

in 9 mmmodules

Cat. no.

ATm 2 18�16Tm C120 7 18�1�OF 1 �69�4OF+SD/OF 1 �69�9

18312 26924

Disconnection circuit-breaker for PRF1 MasterThis circuit-breaker is tested in conjunction with the PRF1 Master surge arrester with a 10/350 wave form.The assembly conforms to IEC 61643-1 and EN 61643-11 standards.Type Number

of polesRating(A)

Curve Cat. no.

NS160N TM160D 2 160 D �06�03 160 D �06�04 160 D �0650

Compact NS160N circuit-breaker auxiliaries(See catalogue)


101

12

10�

1�.4. Serie PRC, PRI surge arresters

Catalogue Numbers

FunctionThese surge arresters are intended for the protection of sensitive equipment: telecommunication, computing, etc. against transient surges of atmospheric origin due to lightning.

DB

1109

11

DB

1109

12

Serie PRC PRINetwork voltage (Un) < �00 V 1�... 48 V < 6 VFunctionAnalog telephone networks b

Telephone transmitters b

Digital telephone networks b

Automation networks b

Computer or data networks b

ELV load supply (12…48 V) b

Technical dataType Width in 9 mm

modulesNetwork rated voltage

Maximum discharge current lmax (kA) (8/�0 microsecond wave form)

Rated discharge current ln (kA) (8/�0 microsecond wave form)

Protection level (V)

Cat. no.

PRI 2 12...48 V 10 5 70 165952 6 V 10 5 15 16594

PRC 2 200 V AC 10 5 300 1659�

PB

1005

84-3

5

b operating frequency: 50/60 Hzb rated current: 20 mAb 50 Hz withstand (15 min): 25 Ab response time: < 25 nsb number of protected pairs: 1b operating indication by mechanical indicator: v white: in normal operation v red: surge arrester must be replacedb connection: by tunnel terminals for 0.5 to 2.5 mm2 cablesb operating temperature: -25 °C to +60 °Cb storage temperature: -40 °C to +70 °Cb degree of protection: v IP20 at terminals v IP40 at front panelb weight (g): 65.

1659�

PB

1005

86-3

5

PB

1005

86-3

5

16594 16595

Catalogue Numbers

The connection kits for surge arrester ensure the reliability of surge arrester installation in the Opale, Pragma C, D or F Kaedra and Prisma enclosures. They allow freedom from the rules for installing surge arresters in enclosures while also guaranteeing effective load surge protection.

Opale enclosuresb This kit is used in all Opale enclosures for connection of all the phase/neutral

surge arresters: PRD, PE and PF (except PF65) and the isolating circuit-breakers: 2P C60 (20 or 50 A rating).

b It is made up of: v 1 set of � preformed cables (blue-neutral/black-phase) used to connect the

surge arrester with the isolating circuit-breaker. v 1 set of 2 straight flexible cables (blue-neutral/black-phase) used to

connect the isolating circuit-breaker with the enclosure terminal blocks (Ph/N). v � x 6 mm� tubular cable ends for straight flexible cables. v 1 earthing connection cable (green/yellow) with connector for connection

of the surge arrester with the enclosure earthing terminal block and the installation earth:

v rigid cable: max. cross-section 25 mm2

v flexible cable: crimped cable end only, v 1 cable end for reducing �5 mm� cables to 6 mm� to connect the earthing

cable with the enclosure earthing terminal block. v 1 C60 screw shield (�P) with self-adhesive “voltage presence” label

(yellow).

catalogue number

Connection kits for Pragma or Kaedra enclosuresb These kits are used in all Pragma and Kaedra enclosures to connect all the surge arresters: PRD, ST, PE and PF and the isolating circuit-breakers: 2P or 4P C60 or C120 (20 or 50 A rating).b They are made up of: v 1 staggered splitter block (4P). v 1 set of 2 straight flexible cables (blue-neutral/black-phase) and 1 set of �

straight flexible cables (black-phase/black-phase) used to connect the isolating circuit-breaker with the staggered splitter block.

v 4 x 6 mm� tubular cable ends for straight flexible cables. v 1 set of � preformed cables (blue-neutral/black-phase) and 1 set of �

preformed cables (black-phase/black-phase) used to connect the surge arrester with the isolating circuit-breaker.

v 1 earthing connection cable (green/yellow) with connector for connection of the surge arrester with the enclosure earthing terminal block and the installation earth:

v rigid cable: max. cross-section 35 mm2

v flexible cable: crimped cable end only, v 1 cable end for reducing �5 mm� (kit 1�7�6) or �5 mm� (kit 1�7�8) cables

to 6 mm� to connect the earthing cable with the enclosure earthing terminal block.

v 1 C60 and C1�0 (4P) screw shield with self-adhesive “voltage presence”

catalogue numbertype enclosure catalogue

numberconnection kits for Pragma and Kaedra enclosures

Pragma C or D (y 3R) 1�7�6Pragma F (1R - 2R)Kaedra (y 3R)Pragma C or D (4R) 1�7�8Pragma F (3R to 6R)Kaedra (4R)

6223

6M62

235M

1�.5. Connection kits for surge arrester Connection kits for

10�

12

104

Connection kits for surge arrester Connection kits for

Prisma enclosuresb This kit is used in all Prisma enclosures for connection of all the surge arresters:

PRD, ST, PE and PF and the isolating circuit-breakers: C60 or 2P/4P C120 (20 or 50 A rating).

b It is made up of: v 1 set of � preformed cables (blue-neutral/black-phase) and 1 set of �

preformed cables (black-phase/black-phase) used to connect the surge arrester with the isolating circuit-breaker.

v 1 straight flexible cable (blue-neutral) and 3 straight flexible cables (black-phase) used to connect the isolating circuit-breaker with the downstream of the enclosure incoming circuit-breaker or with the busbar.

v 4 x 6mm� tubular cable ends for straight flexible cables. v 4 M6x1� screws + pin washers used to connect the isolating circuit-breaker

with the enclosure busbar. v 1 earthing connection cable (green/yellow) with double connecting plate

for connection of the surge arrester with the enclosure earth. v 1 C60 and C1�0 (4P) screw shield with self-adhesive “voltage presence”

label (yellow).

catalogue number

type catalogue number

connection kit for Prisma enclosures 1�7�9

b Caution: when producing the enclosure, it is essential to make provision for a symmetrical rail at the top of the enclosure (75 mm dimension, see opposite) for installation of the surge arrester and its isolating circuit-breaker.

6223

7E

9165

2

DimensionsSurge arresters

PRC parallel PRC serie - PRI

PF

DB

1108

58

PRD

DB

1108

59

073-0100 158-0100

105

12

106

DimensionsSurge arresters

Domae Quick PF

1P + N �P + N

Duoline PF’clic

Quick PF SR for Quick PF

1P + N

DimensionsModular switchgear Protect

PRF1

PRF1 master Combi PRF1

192-0405

36 7 3044

74

46.5 151.5

107

12

108

AAutomatic reset 15

CC120 circuit breakers 29C60 circuit breakers 29cascading configuration 79communication network 87Current peaks 22

DDisturbances 7

External 7Internal 7

EEarth-leakage 8, 23

FFaraday cage 68Filtering 13, 17

HHazardous environmen 23

LLeakage current 10Lightning 19

risks 63Load leakage 8

NNG 125 circuit breakers 29Nuisance tripping 5

OOvervoltage 9

Protection devices 67

PParallel protection device 69Propagation modes 62Protection 24

RRCCB 30RCD-device 10Recloser Automatic Device: 15RED 33REDs 38REDtest 42Residual current devices 12

Index

S"Si" type RCD 13, 26"SiE" type RCD range 14, 26Sensors 53Super immune 13Surge arrester 72

Connection kits 103Dimensions 105end of life indication 88Indications 88PF surge arresters 90PRC, PRI surge arresters 102PRD surge arresters 94PRF1/PRF1 Master surge arresters 98selection 75

TTaut wires 68Transformers 53Tripping 20

Computing 20Lighting 21

Tripping relays 13Type B 14, 30

VVigi modules 29Vigirex selection guide 48

Dimensions 54Vigirex technology 16Voltage surge types 58

Schneider Electric Danmark

Industriparken 322750 Ballerup (Danmark)Tel.: +45 44 73 78 88http://www.schneider-electric.dkhttp://www.merlin-gerin.com

03/2007

Ava

lilab

ility

CAT

EN

© 2

007

Sch

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right

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serv

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As standards, specifications and designs develop from to time, always ask for confirmation of the information given in this publication.

Published by: Schneider Electric Denmark A/S Printed by:

The Guiding System, the new way to make your electrical installationsMulti 9 "si" type are part of a comprehensive product offer with a consistent design.The Guiding System is first a Merlin Gerin product offer covering all the needs of LV and MV electrical distribution: SM6 electrical switchboards from 1 to 36 kV, Satia ultra compact MV/LV substation from 250 to 360 kV A, Compact and Masterpact circuit-breakers from 100 to 3 200 A, modular enclosures and switchgear up to 125 A, Prisma + distribution switchboard functional system up to 3 200 A. All these products are designed to operate together: elec-trical, mechanical and communication consistency.Thus the electrical installation is both optimised and more efficient: better continuity of supply, enhanced safety for people and equip-ment, guaranteed open-endedness, effective supervision and control.

Tools for simplified design and implementationWith the Guiding System you have a complete range of tools – the Guiding Tools – that accompany you in knowledge and imple-mentation of Merlin Gerin products, while complying with current standards and proper procedures. These tools, technical books and guides, design aid software, train-ing courses, etc. are updated regularly.

For a genuine partnership with youBecause each electrical installation is a special case, there is no universal solution. With the Guiding System, the variety of combi-nations allows a genuine customisation of technical solutions. You can express your creativity and enhance your know-how in design, production and operation of an electrical installation.You and Merlin Gerin’s Guiding System form a genuine partnership.

Printed on recycled paper

catalog protection against nuisance tripping voltage surge

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