cast iron and galvanized iron pipes

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Cast Iron Pipes And Galvanized Iron Pipes

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This presentation contains basic information about cast iron and galvanized iron pipes, with their sizes, manufacturing method and types available in market. All the information has been taken and compiled from various sources only for educational purpose

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Page 1: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Cast Iron PipesAnd

Galvanized Iron Pipes

Page 2: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Content

Cast Iron Pipes•Introduction•Manufacturing•Usage•Types•Price List

Galvanized Iron Pipes•Introduction•Manufacturing•Usage•Types•Price List

Page 3: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Cast Iron PipesIntroduction

Cast iron is iron which has been heated until it liquefies then poured into a mould to solidify. It is usually made from pig iron.

Most cast irons have a chemical composition of 2.5–4.0% carbon, 1–3% silicon, and the remainder is iron. Grey cast iron has less tensile strength and shock resistance than steel, but its compressive strength is comparable to low and medium carbon steel.

The oldest extant water pipes date from the 17th century and were installed to distribute water throughout the gardens of the Chateau de Versailles.

Page 4: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Manufacturing

Horizontally CastThe first cast iron pipe was produced in horizontal moulds, the core of the mould would be supported on small iron rods which would become part of the pipe. Horizontal casting resulted in an uneven distribution of metal around the pipe circumference. Typically slag would collect at the crown of the pipe creating a much weaker section.

Vertically CastIn 1845, the first pipe was cast vertically in a pit and by the turn of the century, all pipe was manufactured by this method. Using this method the slag would all collect at the top of the casting and could be removed by simply cutting off the end of the pipe. Pipes cast using this method often suffered from off centre bores resulting in one side of the pipe being thicker than the opposite side, this was caused by the core of the mould being placed off centre.

Centrifugally CastSubsequent to its invention by Dimitri Sensaud deLavaud, a French-Brazilian, in 1918, much cast iron pipe manufacture shifted to the dramatically different technique of centrifugal casting. Modern ductile iron pipe production continues to use this method of casting.

Page 5: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Manufacturing

Page 6: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Manufacturing

Centrifugal Casting of Pipes

Page 7: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Usage, Advantage and DisadvantageCast iron pipe is typically used for sewer lines and municipal water but nowadays they are not used as they have been replaced by ductile iron pipes and PVC pipes.

Advantages Disadvantages

•Thicker wall than ductile iron or steel

•Similar rate of corrosion to ductile iron and steel

•Most pipes after 1950 supplied with cement mortar lining or retrofitted

•No elastic behaviour and lower mechanical strength

•Prone to external and internal corrosion in aggressive conditions

•Older pipes having caulked joints with little flexibility

•Often no external protection

•Most pipes unlined before 1960

•Manufacturing defects including variations in wall thickness

•Poor records

Page 8: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Types of FittingsFollowing are some of the fitting available in cast iron pipes

Page 9: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Types of FittingsFollowing are some of the fitting available in cast iron pipes

Page 10: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

SizesCast Iron Pipes come in eight classes, A through H, rated by pressure in increments of 100 feet of head. "Feet of Head" is a measure of pressure, equal to the pressure generated by a given height of standing water (think of a water tower). One foot of head is equal to 0.434 psi.

Page 11: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Nominal

Pipe Size

Class A100 Foot Head

(43 psi)

Class B200 Foot Head

(86 psi)

Class C300 Foot Head

(130 psi)

Class D400 Foot Head

(173 psi)

O.D.Wall

Thickness

I.D. O.D.Wall

Thickness

I.D. O.D. WallThickness I.D. O.D. Wall

Thickness I.D.

3" 3.80" 0.39" 3.02" 3.96" 0.42" 3.12" 3.96" 0.45" 3.06" 3.96" 0.48" 3.00"

4" 4.80" 0.42" 3.96" 5.00" 0.45" 4.10" 5.00" 0.48" 4.04" 5.00" 0.52" 3.96"

6" 6.90" 0.44" 6.02" 7.10" 0.48" 6.14" 7.10" 0.51" 6.08" 7.10" 0.55" 6.00"

8" 9.05" 0.46" 8.13" 9.05" 0.51" 8.03" 9.30" 0.56" 8.18" 9.30" 0.60" 8.10"

10" 11.10" 0.50" 10.10" 11.10" 0.57" 9.96" 11.40" 0.62" 10.16" 11.40" 0.68" 10.04"

12" 13.20" 0.54" 12.12" 13.20" 0.62" 11.96" 13.50" 0.68" 12.14" 13.50" 0.75" 12.00"

14" 15.30" 0.57" 14.16" 15.30" 0.66" 13.98" 15.65" 0.74" 14.17" 15.65" 0.82" 14.01"

16" 17.40" 0.60" 16.20" 17.40" 0.70" 16.00" 17.80" 0.80" 16.20" 17.80" 0.89" 16.02"

18" 19.50" 0.64" 18.22" 19.50" 0.75" 18.00" 19.92" 0.87" 18.18" 19.92" 0.96" 18.00"

20" 21.60" 0.67" 20.26" 21.60" 0.80" 20.00" 22.06" 0.92" 20.22" 22.06" 1.03" 20.00"

24" 25.80" 0.76" 24.28" 25.80" 0.89" 24.02" 26.32" 1.04" 24.22" 26.32" 1.16" 24.00"

30" 31.74" 0.88" 29.98" 32.00" 1.03" 29.94" 32.40" 1.20" 30.00" 32.74" 1.37" 30.00"

36" 37.96" 0.99" 35.98" 38.30" 1.15" 36.00" 39.60" 1.80" 36.00" 40.04" 2.02" 36.00"

42" 44.20" 1.10" 42.00" 44.50" 1.28" 41.94" 45.10" 1.54" 42.02" 45.58" 1.78" 42.02"

48" 50.50" 1.26" 47.98" 50.80" 1.42" 47.96" 51.40" 1.71" 47.98" 51.98" 1.96" 48.06"

Page 12: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Galvanized Iron PipesIntroduction

Galvanization is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting. The most common method is hot-dip galvanization, in which parts are submerged in a bath of molten zinc. Galvanizing protects in two ways:it forms a coating of corrosion-resistant zinc which prevents corrosive substances from reaching the more delicate metalthe zinc serves as a sacrificial anode so that even if the coating is scratched, the exposed steel will still be protected by the remaining zinc.

These pipes are widely used for conveying raw water & distribution of treated water in majority of rural water supply schemes, where the requirement of water is less. Mostly medium quality GI pipes are used. These pipes are cheap, light in weight and easy to handle & transport & easy to join. Their sizes vary from 15mm to 150mm.

Page 13: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes
Page 14: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Sizes

Page 15: Cast Iron and Galvanized Iron Pipes

Thank You