Cardiovascular System VocabCardiovascular System Vocab

Arteries Arteries Carry blood AWAY from

the heart

All BUT pulmonary arteries carry oxygenated blood

Aorta: largest artery; 1 inch in diameter

Arterioles: smallest arteries

Coronary arteries: most important; supply blood to the heart muscle

Carry blood TOWARD the heart

All BUT pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood

Layers much thinner, less elastic

Series of internal valves that work against the flow of gravity to prevent reflux

Superior and inferior vena cava: largest veins

Venules: smallest veins

Veins

Capillaries Capillaries Tiny, microscopic

vessels

Walls one cell layer thick

Function: to transport and diffuse essential materials to and from the body’s cells and the blood

Did you know…Did you know…

You have approximately 100,000 miles of blood vessels in your body

Enough to circle the earth 4 times

Cardiovascular Cycle Cardiovascular Cycle

Coronary Arteries

Coronary arteries supply the heart with oxygen

If one or more become blocked, a heart attack can occur.

Bypass surgery is grafting arteries and veins taken from others areas the body to “bypass” or restore circulation to the blocked coronary artery

Coronary Artery Disease Coronary Artery Disease

Atherosclerosis – narrowing and stiffening of arteries due to fatty deposits

Angina – chest pain relieved by rest, sign of inadequate blood supply to heart

Heart Attack – (MI or Myocardial Infarction) cardiac muscle deprived of blood and oxygen due to a blocked artery

MedicineNet.com

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is a surgical procedure in which a balloon catheter is inserted into a blocked blood vessel to increase the blood flow of that vessel.

Narrowed artery with balloon catheter positioned.

Inflated balloon presses against arterial wall.

Circulatory Disorders Circulatory Disorders Embolism – material that breaks away from its original site that

causes a blockage

Thrombosis – blockage of an artery or vein due to a blood clot

Aneurism – abnormal swelling of a weakened arterial wall that makes it bulge out like a balloon

Cardiovascular Technician

Cardiovascular Technician

EKG - Electrocardiogram

•Set up and administer EKGs, stress tests •Prepare patients for ambulatory monitoring•Edit and deliver final test results to physicians for analysis •Schedule appointments •Transcribe physicians' interpretations

1 year certificate programs prepared student for certification exam

EKG records electrical activity of the heart

Cardiovascular TechnologistCardiovascular Technologist

Echo - Echocardiogram

•Performs EKG •Performs Echocardiograms Discuss image results with the physician •Help physicians during invasive procedures, such as inserting catheters (small tubes)•Record findings and track patient records

2 year associate degree

Ultrasound equipment used to create images of the heart and blood vessels

Cool “Heart Sites”Cool “Heart Sites”Echocardiogram simulation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Apikal4D.gif

Heart Attack Video

http://video.about.com/heartdisease/Heart-Attack.htm

NOVA-Cut to the Heart:

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/heart/heartmap.html

Go With the Flow

http://www.smm.org/heart/videos/top.html#bypass

Heart Transplant Video

http://www.orlive.com/montefiore/videos/heart-transplant-procedure