calorex. what we do, we do well

World Leaders in Heat Pump

Technology

Agenda

• Company Profile

• Why heat pumps?

• Heat pump market

• What is a heat pump?

• How do they work?

• Ground and Air Source Heat Pumps

• Installing the equipment

• Running costs and carbon emissions

• Case Studies

• Other Products in the Calorex range

• UK manufacturer and market leader

of heat pump technology

• Established 30 years

• Sold and Installed more Heat pumps in

UK than any other manufacturer

• Manufactured over 250,000 heat pumps to date

• 1,000,000 hours of measured performance data from UK

domestic heating installations!

• We were the FIRST manufacturer accredited under MCS

(Microgeneration Certification Scheme)

Calorex Profile

Company Profile

• Based at 80,000 sq ft facility in Maldon Essex

• Currently producing circa 10,000 units pa

• Export circa 65% of finished goods

• £2m invested in R&D since 2005; ongoing

£0.75m p.a.

• Comprehensive GSHP and ASHP domestic

ranges designed for UK market conditions and

practices

• New flow line production facility for heat pump

manufacture to allow for output increase

Calorex

Heat Pumps

Indoor

Swimming Pools

Environmental Climate

Control Systems.

Heat Recovery

&

Dehumidification

Outdoor

Swimming Pools

Air source

heat pumps

Portable

Equipment

Building Dryers

Air Conditioners

Air Movement

Domestic

Heating

Ground & Air source

Heat pumps

Dehumidification

Dehumidifiers

Humidifiers

Heat Recovery

Calorex Product

Applications

Climate Change Agenda

Micro-generation

Renewable Options

• Heat Pumps

– GSHP technology proven throughout Europe

– ASHP advances in technology have overcome the problems associated with earlier installations

• Solar Thermal

• Solar PV

• Wind

• Bio-Mass Boilers

• Micro - CHP units still only in limited field trials

- Performance & Reliability have been a problem, also noise

• Fuel cells not yet beyond laboratory trials – Commercialisation not before 2011?

What is a Heat Pump?

How Does it Work?

Hot and Cold

Electricity in

Heat out 1 kW

4 kW

3 kW

Solar energy from the earth

COP (Co-efficient Of Performance) = 4

COP – Coefficient of Performance

COP = Total Heat Output

Energy Consumed

e.g. 8 kW Heat Energy Out

2 kW Energy Consumed

COP = 4

Efficiency = 400%

COP = Coefficient of

Performance

COP = Total Heat Output

Energy Consumed

Products in Calorex Range

Renewable Energy Heat Pumps & Domestic Installations

• Heat Pumps are one of the fastest emerging

technologies in the Western world.

• Able to satisfy all renewable requirements / planning

caveats of housebuilder and/or social housing

provider

• UK Market rapidly gathering pace

• Calorex are market leaders in UK domestic heat

pump technology with circa 1000 installations

Technology

• Heat Pumps are a fully developed technology.

• Markets in France, Germany and Austria have grown

strongly over last decade.

• Moving trend from GSHP to ASHP in main European

markets

• UK market set to follow European trends

GSHP or ASHP? GSHP’s

• Ultimate heat pump performance

• Expensive ground works

• Best suited to new build

• Maintenance free operation

• Quiet and unobtrusive

ASHP’s

• At least 75% of GSHP performance for ~ 50% of the cost

• New build or refurbishment

• Easier to install than GSHP’s

• Retro-fit for immediate carbon savings

• Can be used in high rise dwellings

Air & Ground Source Heat Pumps

and swimming pools

Applications

• Indoor pool - supply LPHW to AHU

• Indoor pool – pool water heating

• Outdoor pool – pool water heating

AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

Air Source

CALOREX ASHP

PRODUCT FEATURES

Air Source Heat Pumps

• 4.5 kW

• 9.0 kW

• 12.0 kW

• 3-phase units to

100kW available

Range Designed Specifically

for UK Climatic conditions

Calorex ASHP product features

• Dual temperature, simple controls, twin compressors

for larger units, single phase electrical installation,

comprehensive fault detection system: all as for

GSHP’s - Plus

• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and

Calorex designed control system resulting in a

reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93%

heating time) compared to typical average of 15

minutes (75% heating time)


• No freezing in damp conditions – an endemic problem

with imported models designed for dry Northern

European climates

• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally

low noise levels

• Epoxy coated evaporator fins to protect against air

borne pollutants

• Plastisol coated cabinet with lifetime guarantee

• WRAS approved heat exchangers

• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climates

• Small footprint units optimising space

• Simple and easy to install

• Single phase 240v supply

• Very low starting currents

• Twin compressors in larger models – Optimised efficiency

• Very low noise levels - super quiet

Calorex Product Features

• Use R134A gas – Low operating pressure.

• Operate from -150C

• No defrost above 40C

• Reverse cycle 4 minute defrost (higher average COP)

• Provide space heating at 350C to 550C

• Units deliver DHW at 650C without electrical back up.

• Work with radiators or underfloor heating

• Standard Central heating Controls


Independently tested to EN 14511 by BSRIA

Calorex Product Range

Ground source heat pumps Air source heat pumps

Output COP

brine on 0oC; output to

water 35oC

Output COP

air on 7oC; output to

water 35oC

3.5kW 4.53 4.50kW 3.43

5.0kW 4.53 9.0kW 3.54

8.0kW 4.14 12.0kW 3.65

12.0kW 4.31 Above COP’s include full defrost cycles

EN14511*

standard 3.50

EN14511*

standard 3.20

* UK Microgeneration certification scheme standard

Source:- BSRIA

V2 Model V2 and V1 Models

INSTALLING THE EQUIPMENT

ASHP Installation

Siting the unit

>0.15m >3.0m

GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

Hot and Cold

Range

3.5kW

5.0kW

8.0kW

12.0kW

25.0kW

Ground Source

Electricity in

Heat out 1 kW

4 kW

3 kW



Ground Source Heat Pumps

• Amplified/ Upgraded - Heat from the Earth!

• Available EVERYWHERE in the UK

• Totally Renewable

• Totally Sustainable

• Replenished naturally via Solar energy

• Proven technology

Types of Ground Systems

• Open loop

• Water extracted from ground and

discharged back at second point

• Closed loop

• Water circulated

• Evaporator installed direct in ground,

refrigerant circulated

Loop Configurations

Ground Source Heat Pump

with a swimming pool AHU

• GSHP providing LPHW at 55oC in place of conventional boiler

• Output of LPHW coils reduced, usually flow temperature 80oC.

• 50% of rated output!!

• Need to check changed capacity against building and pool

heat loads

• Calorex are only company that can offer complete 100% heat

pump only solution for an indoor pool

• Good viable solution, particularly off gas network



GSHP & Variheat

ASHP & Variheat

GSHP for Indoor Pool

Water Heating • Operational heat losses of pool made up from recovered energy

if using heat pump heat recovery AHU

• Only water heat load comes from back wash of filters and

dilution for chemical treatment

• Heat up from cold done rarely

• Cost prohibitive to size GSHP for rapid heat up time.

• Limited usage if installed just for limited pool water heat load

• GSHP combined with other loads e.g. pool hall air heating, main

dwelling space heating would be OK

GSHP for Outdoor

Pool • Summer Season; March - October

• Use Air Source Heat Pump; e.g. Calorex 29 or 31 range

• COP of GSHP fixed at 4

• COP of ASHP variable from 4 when air at 10oC to 6 with

air at 25oC

• Installation cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP

• Running cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP

• Conclusion - Install ASHP

Funding

• Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS

– Approved product + approved installer

– ASHP £900

– GSHP £1200

• CERT – Energy supplier

• Carbon Trust Loan

– Interest free loan over 4 years

– Payback based on energy saving achieved

Borehole

Ground Loop

Installing the

Ground Loop

Pressure Test

Grouting

Grouting the Borehole

Horizontal Ground Loop

• Requires more space

• More suited to new build

• Less stable ground

temperature; can be less

efficient

• Cost saving if site

contractor lays the pipes

• 5kW = 2 x 40m trenches at

5m spacing

Horizontal Slinky

Horizontal Loops

25kW GSHP

8 x 50m trenches all 5m apart

GSHP System Characteristics

• Building - Thermal characteristics and user load requirements for heating and DHW

• Heat Pump - Output matched to load requirements of building

• Ground Loop - Designed to provide renewable energy in line with requirements of the building load and heat pump

GSHP System Schematic

12kW Installation 3 x 65m boreholes

External retro fit Installation


Range

• 4.5 kW

• 9.0 kW

• 12.0 kW

• Up to 70kW 3-ph

Range designed specifically

for UK climatic conditions

Pro Pac Range

Summary

• 1kWh of electricity can deliver over 4kWh of renewable

energy from the ground

• Proven technology with case studies to back up

performance

• The lowest running cost system for “off gas” network

areas

• Huge savings on running costs

• Huge savings on CO2 emissions

• Long life, low maintenance, sustainable technology.


• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climate

• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and Calorex designed control system resulting in a reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93% heating time)

• Typical average defrost of 15 minutes (75% heating time)

• Dual temperature – CH (radiators or underfloor) & DHW

• Simple controls - standard central heating controls

• Twin compressors for larger units – optimised efficiency

• Single phase electrical installation - low starting currents

• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally low noise levels - super quiet

System Design

Considerations

Heating Requirement

• Accurate assessment of design day heat

loss of dwelling required

• SAP calculation for new build and major

refurbishment

• Refurbishment project - Insulate first

• Latest Part ‘L’ Buildings coming out at

35-40 W/m2

System Design

Considerations

Heating system design

• Flow temperature - Range: 35 to 55oC

• Radiator sizes; Reduced output DT30; factor = 0.51

• Under-floor; design outputs – 50-60W/m2

• Flow rates - Vital to HP performance

• Heat Pump cycling - System water volumes

• Buffer Tanks

Installation Issues

• Location of Heat Pump – air flow or access to ground loop

• Location of cylinders – DHW & buffer

• Electrical power supply

– Starting loads – single or 3-phase

• Conventional plumbing components

• Controls – integration of other heat sources and renewables

• Circulating pump sizing

Under-floor Installation

Bi-Valent System

Dual Heat Pumps

RUNNING COST AND EMISSIONS

SAVINGS

Cost Comparisons

Energy Costs

• Gas = 3.3 p/kWh

• Elec = 10.2 p/kWh

• Oil = 37p/litre = 3.7p/kWh

COP against 93% efficient gas boiler

Heat = 3.3/0.93 = 3.55 p/kWh

COP = 10.2/3.55 = 2.87

COP against 60% efficient oil boiler

Heat = 3.7/0.6 = 6.17 p/kWh

COP = 10.2/6.17 = 1.65

Performance of Heat Pump

Type Air/Water

on

Water off Heat

Output

COP

12kW ASHP 5oC 40oC 11.2kW 3.2


12kW

GSHP

3oC 40oC 13.5kW 4.2

12kW

GSHP

3oC 55oC 13.0kW 3.1

Estimated seasonal performance

Running Cost savings

Source:- EON

Avaerage Annual Fuel Cost Comparison 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

GSH

P

GSH

P(E7)

ASHP

ASHP (E

7)

Electric

Elec.(E

7)

Gas

(Con

d)

Oil

LPG

Solid

Fuel C

ost (

£ p

a)

Space Htg

HWS

Cooking

Ltg.+Pwr

Carbon Emissions savings

Source:- EON

Comparison of Average Annual CO2 Emissions - 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

8500

9000

9500

10000

10500

11000

11500

12000

GSH

P

GSH

P(E7)

ASH

P

ASH

P (E

7)

Electric

Elec.(E

7)

Gas

(Cond)

Oil

LPG

Solid

Annual C

O2 E

mis

sio

ns (k

g)

Space Htg

HWS

Cooking

Ltg.+Pw r

Why use a heat pump?

• Environmentally friendly

• Lower running costs

• COP always greater than 1

• Energy efficient means of heating

• Will operate from domestic power supplies

• Simple Installation

• Reliable – Long working life

• Very low maintenance

Advantages of

Heat Pump v Boiler • Energy efficient

• Easy to install

• No flues or ducting

• No oil tank or LPG cylinder

• No fumes odours or smoke

• Simple controls

• Low maintenance requirements

• Corrosion resistant construction

• Reliable

• Long working life

Funding • Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS


– Domestic properties – ASHP £900 & GSHP £1200, max £2500 per property

• CERT – carbon emission reduction target

– Funding via energy suppliers

– Applies to GSHPs only, not currently ASHPs – Up to 85% subsidy depending on Carbon saving e.g. coal fired boiler

• Carbon Trust Loan – Interest free loan over 4 years – Payback based on energy saving achieved

Case Studies

Metropolitan Housing Trust Nottingham

Braddock Row Development

• New sheltered housing scheme

• 10 individual 2-bed properties

• High standard of insulation, better than part L

• Borehole for each property

• Heating via under-floor system

• Heat pump also providing hot water

Penwith District Council Penzance, Cornwall

Project summary

• Refurbishment of existing

housing stock

• Conversion from coal fired

boiler to GSHP

• Insulation standard of

properties improved

Penwith District Council

Penwith District Council Heat Pump Location

Penwith District Council Hot Water Cylinder Location

Westlea Housing Assoc.

Withybed, Wiltshire

Project Summary

• New Build

• Well insulated

• Six houses

• Semi- detached

• Under-floor heating

• Calorex 5000DT 5.0kW GSHP

• 2 x 50m boreholes per property

• Providing space & water heating

Flintshire County Council

Caerwys, N. Wales

• 15 x 2 bed bungalows

• Upgraded insulation

• 5kW GSHP

• Radiators

• Central Oil boiler

• Community Centre with

9kW ASHP

• Providing space & hot

water heating

Project Summary

• Retrofit Project

• 15 x 1-bed semi-detached bungalows

• Floor area 40m2

• Heat loss 2.8kW

• Calorex 3500 3.5kW GSHP

• Single 80m borehole per property

• Replaced electric heating

• Project specified and managed by NPS Property Consultants

Mid-Suffolk District Council

Stradbrooke, Suffolk

Case Study - ASHP

Westleigh Developments North Luffenham

• New Build

• Social housing

• CfSH level 3

• 3-bed Semi

• Single 9kW ASHP

• Heating by Radiators

• All CH & DHW

Case Study - ASHP

David Wilson Homes Horley, Surrey

• Social Housing - New build

• 2-bed flats

• CfSH – Code level 3

• Ground & 1st Floor – ASHP

• Heating by Radiators & DHW

• 2nd Floor – Solar Thermal

St Cedds School

Chelmsford

• 3 Classroom Block

• 12kW GSHP

• 3 x 65m Boreholes

• Underfloor heating

• DHW for toilets

• Alternative was gas

main across school to

local boiler







ASHP’s






Summary

• Manufactured in UK by British Company

• Designed specifically for UK Domestic market

• Provides both space and water heating without the

need for supplementary water heating

• Works with under floor heating or radiators

• Controlled using central heating programmer

• Compatible with both new build and existing homes -

dependent on thermal specification

• Technical & Service support from existing Calorex

field service engineers

Heat Pumps

Dehumidifiers

Traditional Successful Markets

Hire.

• Flood damage drying out.

• Building drying-i.e. plaster, Floor screed etc.

• Tank drying.

• Drying out of products-i.e. timber , food and Hygroscopic

materials when required.

• Temporary environmental control for conditioning Materials

before process production.

• ?

Traditional Successful Markets

FIXED-Storage and Keep Dry

• Material storage-warehouse-Museums

• Paper-steel-plasterboard-timber

• Process drying

• Timber-food-Pharmaceutical production, when specialist

manufacturing require specific relative humidity/control for

a given product being manufactured.

• Keep dry

• Sports halls/gyms-Electrical sub-stations-Clothes drying

rooms-cellars and basements.

Hire Applications

Flood Damage

Drying out after flood

Hire Applications

Keep Dry

- Storage

Applications for

Refrigerant Dehumidifiers Storage Paper

Leather

Wood

Metals

Vintage cars

Museums Artefacts – Manuscripts - Paintings

General Offices – Laundry – Kitchens

Electrical Switchroom

Applications

• Condensation Pumping stations - Basements

• Drying Rooms Fire stations - Outdoor activities

• Process Drying Timber - Ceramics - Confectionery

• Swimming Pools Domestic – Commercial - Municipal

Storage

Storage Condition 55%RH

• Finished Products

• Raw materials

• Paper

• Cardboard

• Leather

• Textiles

• Wood

• Metals

Steel Storage

Corrosion will

almost completely

stop at humidity

levels of 50 %RH

or less.

Car Storage

Storage Sizing

Small Unheated Storage Areas

Maintained at 60% RH or Less

For Well Constructed Buildings, Not Extremely Exposed

To Prevailing Winds

Up to 75m³ (2,648ft³) DH 15 AX or FD15

Up to 150m³ (5,297ft³) DH 30 AX or FD 30 AX

Up to 350m³ (12,359ft³) DH 60 AX or HD 500 AX

Up to 500m³ (17,655ft³) DH 75 AX

Up to 750m³ (26,483ft³) DH 110 AX

Up to 1000m³ (35,310ft³) DH150 AX

Museums

Electrical Switchgear

Condensation Pumping Stations

Drying Rooms

Drying Rooms

Outdoor Activity Centres

Water Sports Centres

Police Stations

Council Depots

Building Sites

Drying Room Sizing Typical unit selections for a fire station drying room

Dehumidifier Number of People using Drying Room

Calorex DH15AX up to approx 6 - 7 sets of clothing

Calorex DH30A up to approx 12 - 15 sets of clothing

Calorex DH60A up to approx 25 - 30 sets of clothing

These unit selections are based on the following assumptions: -

Drying Time; Overnight period of 12-16 hours

Room Temperature; Heated to a minimum of 18oC

Ventilation; No additional mechanical ventilation.

NB small extract fan to be fitted for dilution of odours

Product Drying

Portable Dehumidifiers

PD 150 AX

PD 300 AX

PD 600 AX

• DH150GXF

• DH600BY

OTW15 •Wall Mounted

•Tamper Proof Controls

•Inbuilt Hygrostat

•Inbuilt air filter

•Hot Gas defrost as

standard

•Through wall version

DH30/60

•Wall or floor Mounted

•LPHW or Electrical

heating optional

•Hot Gas defrost optional


•Robust attractive cabinet

DH75/110 •Floor Mounted

•Hot Gas defrost standard

•Optional LPHW heating

•Optional remote control


•IP45 rated attractive,

aluminium cabinet

•Hygrostat included

DH150/300/600

•Hot Gas defrost standard

•Adjustable air supply

turning ducts

•Hygrostat included

•IP45 rated attractive,

aluminium cabinet

•Optional LPHW heating

•Optional remote control

•Optional return air filters

•Optional Condensate pump

•Electrical soft-start kits

•Floor Mounted

•Compressor time delay

•Fully automatic controls

Generic

Humidity of less than 35%RH

Low dew point conditions

Low temperatures, especially combined with low

humidity.

Single pass air flow applications

Applications for

Desiccant

Dehumidifiers

Applications for Desiccant

Dehumidifiers

• Pharmaceutical production, packaging, storage, testing and research

• Photographic/film archive stores

• Pneumatic conveying of powders

• Pumping stations

• Confectionary production and packing

• Food production

• Clean rooms

• Electronics manufacture

• Cold stores

• Seed storage

• Drying & corrosion prevention inside power station turbines

• Injection moulding machines

• Tank drying

Pharmaceutical

Clean room

Food Production

Production Areas Packing Areas

Process Industries

Electronics Manufacture

DehuTech Family

DehuTech

8000

Capacities

range from

0.6kg/h to over

126kg/h

Custom built

units also

available to

clients design

requirements

Advantages of

Heat Pump v Boiler

• Energy efficient

• Easy to install




• Simple controls



• Reliable


Heat Pumps

for

Outdoor Swimming Pools

Domestic Pools

Air to Water

Running Costs

Hotel Pools

Pro Pac 8-12-16-22

Pro Pac Range

Pro Pac Outdoor Units • Key features at a glance

• Capacities from 43kW to 140kW

• Fully automatic operation

• Zero ozone depleting R407C refrigerant – ensures reliable, efficient

• operation regardless of air temperature

• Reverse cycle defrost option available

• Soft start option available

• Scroll compressors

• Water flow switch

• Comprehensive circuit protection

• Designed and manufactured in the EU to CE & ISO 9001 standards

• Upflow fans/top discharge

• Digetal close control thermostat

Sizing of Heat Pump

Heat Pumps are sized to maintain the required water temperature at

coldest time of year pool is to be used

• Questionnaire

• Pool surface area

• Water temperature

• Pool cover

• Usage

• Hours per day

• Length of year

Indoor Pools

Fundamental Requirements

of any swimming pool

• WATER HEATING

Replenish pool water heat losses

• AIR HEATING

Replenish/maintain pool air above pool temperature

• DEHUMIDIFICATION

Remove moisture from pool hall air

• FRESH AIR

Ventilate at minimum acceptable rates to dilute CO & airborne chemical build up ( also to create negative pressure)

• SUMMERTIME COOLING

To remove solar heat gains

What do indoor

swimming pools require?

1. A pool temperature of between 28ºC and 30ºC (for leisure use) to make swimming pools suitable for swimmers

2. Pool hall air at 1ºC above pool temperature to minimise evaporation of pool water

to minimise transmission loss to air

to provide a comfortable condition for occupants

3. Relative Humidity of 55-65%RH to prevent condensation and damage to building

to provide a comfortable condition for occupants

4. Ventilation at 10 litres/sec/person or

3 litres/sec/m2 pool area Dilute CO2 build up

reduce airborne chemical build up

eliminate odours

Affects of Uncontrolled Humidity

• Personal discomfort

• Structural damage

• Damage to fabric, fixtures and fittings

• Mildew and mould growth

• Condensation

• Increased operation costs

Calorex Systems

• Based on heat pump dehumidifiers

• Recovery of Latent heat

• Recovered heat returned to air or water

• Air re-circulated

• Fresh air introduced when required

• Units available for all pool sizes from small domestic to

Olympic sized public pools

• Stand alone units to fully packaged AHUs

Fridge dehum

schematic

Advantages of Calorex

• Specifically designed for swimming pools

• Wide product range

• Comprehensive range of options

• Established reputation

• High quality and reliability

• Excellent product support, before & after sale

• Continuous product development

• All units factory tested prior to despatch

Indoor Domestic Pools

DH 33

Vaporex DH33

DH 55

Vaporex DH55

Monitair DH44

Monitair DH66

Monitiar DH44/66 dehumidifier

features • Super Quiet!!!

• Family design

• Horizontal Scroll compressor

• High efficiency – low running costs

• Air outlet grille can be fixed in horizontal or vertical position

• Easy to transport

DH 44/66 features …

• Replaceable drip tray

• Flexible drip tray and electric connections

• LPHW models now include the heating valve and 12 V

remote thermostat connection

• Wall mounting or floor standing – unit supplied with wall

brackets and floor standing kit with adjustable feet.

• Premium product for the high-end of the market

Monitair DH75 & 110

DH75 & 110 Options

• 8.9kW LPHW Air Heater

• ‘Through The Wall’ model

Features

• Integral humidistat

• Low temperature operation, hot gas defrost as standard

• Latest HFC R407c refrigerant

• High efficiency

• Low noise levels

Domestic Pools

- Ducted Systems

Ducted Systems

• Larger domestic pools

• Smaller commercial pools e.g. hotels, leisure clubs

• Ducted air distribution systems

• Additional features included

• Packaged units for easy installation

Air Distribution

Variheat

Series 3

Vertical

Configuration

Calorex Variheat Series 3

Variheat Series 3

• High efficiency and heat recovery

• R407c refrigerant

• Air to air & air to water models

• Wide range of capacities - larger than Series II

• Flexible design suitable for most plant rooms

• Heating & fresh air options

• Remote control panel

• Removable drip tray for easy cleaning

• Ability to operate in a variety of indoor temps.

The model range

• AA - Air to Air units

• simple air to air heat pump

dehumidifiers

• dehumidification with heat

recovery to air

• model range:

AA600/900/1200/1500

• air heating and fresh air options

• single & three phase options

• AW - Air to Water units

• air to water heat pumps

• dehumidification with heat recovery

to air & water

• primary heating coils

• model range:

AW600/900/1200/1500

• air heating and fresh air options

• single & three phase options

Flexible design

Refrigeration moduleconsists of:

complete refrigeration cct.

primary water heat exch.

Fan moduleconsists of:

main fan

primary air heat exch.

fresh air module

elec. resistance

air heating

module

Additional modules

(extra cost)

External condensing units

(extra cost)

inc. mods. to Variheat plus

remote condensing unit

Modular design

Modular design allows:

• vertical & horizontal configurations

• dimensions allow easy access through doorways

• large choice of outlet options

• ability to add optional modules after installation

Vertical configuration

Front, rear, top,

and side outlets

possible

Bottom outlet

(downdraft)

Horizontal

configuration

Front, rear, top, bottom,

and side outlets possible

Fresh air option • Air flow rates from

150m³/hr. to 300m³/hr.

• Powered extract fan &

dampers controlled by

thermostat & humidistat

• Damper settings create

slight negative pressure in

pool hall

• Fitted at machine air inlet

• Can be rotated to suit

connection to duct work

• 20Pa external fan pressure

12V Remote control

panel • Power switch

• Fresh air flow switch to

control damper settings

• Controllers with L.E.D.

displays for air ºC &

%RH, water ºC*

• Neon indication lamps

• Time-clock with battery

back-up

• Multi-pin electrical

connection inside

Variheat

Control functions

• Interface with boiler for LPHW demand

• Interface with filtration pump for operation with dehumidification

demand

• Night set back air temperature for energy savings

• Facility for connecting a remote override switch

• Hot gas defrost mechanism

1/ allowing lower unoccupied pool air temps. and the resultant

energy savings

2/ enables use in non-pool applications e.g. industrial/commercial

storage

Specifications

Commercial Pools

Commercial Pools

• E.g. Hotel, school and leisure club pools

• Higher usage

• Longer hours

• More occupants

• Greater requirement for fresh air

Calorex Delta System

Delta - internal view

Fresh air openings

Municipal swimming pools

Public Pools

Public Pools

• Large surface area

• High usage

• Long hours

• Additional water features

• Large number of occupants

• Spectators

• Greater requirement for fresh air

Calorex HRD

HRD – internal view

HRD Schematic

HRD at Kimbolton

School

Benefits of HRD • HRD controls air temp, water temp, humidity and fresh air introduction

• Pool hall air re-circulated

• Fresh air modulated to keep to minimum

• Fresh air volume dependant on air temp, humidity or occupancy (AQ/CO2) sensor

• Fresh air volume of up to 72% of re-circulated volume

• Energy saving due to latent heat recovery

• Heat recovery to water and air

• Heat recovery to water sufficient to make up all of operational pool water heat losses

• Save 30-40% of running cost compared to recuperator based system with variable fresh air

• Significant reduction in associated CO2 emissions

Benefits of HRD

• Compact size

• Fully packaged unit including controls

• Controls can be stand alone or utilise local BMS controller

• Smaller LPHW air heater required due to lower fresh air volumes

• Boiler capacity required therefore reduced compared to AHU with recuperator

• Associated project costs lower:-

• Boiler

• Controls

• Plant room space

Sizing of Heat Pump

Dehumidifier

Dehumidifiers are sized to cope with the average evaporation from a

pool over a 24 hour period and maintain the correct humidity,

usually 60%RH.

Fresh air is used to assist with humidity loads at times of peak usage.

Factors that influence selection are:-

• Pool surface area

• Water temperature

• Air temperature

• Pool hall volume

• Building heat losses and gains

• Pool cover

• Usage

Renewable Energy Heat Pumps & Domestic Installations

• Heat Pumps are one of the fastest emerging

technologies in the Western world.

• Able to satisfy all renewable requirements / planning

caveats of housebuilder and/or social housing

provider

• UK Market rapidly gathering pace

• Calorex are market leaders in UK domestic heat

pump technology with circa 1000 installations

Technology

• Heat Pumps are a fully developed technology.

• Markets in France, Germany and Austria have grown

strongly over last decade.

• Moving trend from GSHP to ASHP in main European

markets

• UK market set to follow European trends







ASHP’s







and swimming pools

Applications




AIR SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

Air Source

CALOREX ASHP

PRODUCT FEATURES


• 4.5 kW

• 9.0 kW

• 12.0 kW

• 3-phase units to

100kW available

Range Designed Specifically

for UK Climatic conditions


• Dual temperature, simple controls, twin compressors

for larger units, single phase electrical installation,

comprehensive fault detection system: all as for

GSHP’s - Plus

• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and

Calorex designed control system resulting in a

reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93%

heating time) compared to typical average of 15

minutes (75% heating time)


• No freezing in damp conditions – an endemic problem

with imported models designed for dry Northern

European climates

• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally

low noise levels

• Epoxy coated evaporator fins to protect against air

borne pollutants

• Plastisol coated cabinet with lifetime guarantee

• WRAS approved heat exchangers

• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climates

• Small footprint units optimising space

• Simple and easy to install

• Single phase 240v supply

• Very low starting currents

• Twin compressors in larger models – Optimised efficiency

• Very low noise levels - super quiet


• Use R134A gas – Low operating pressure.

• Operate from -150C

• No defrost above 40C

• Reverse cycle 4 minute defrost (higher average COP)

• Provide space heating at 350C to 550C

• Units deliver DHW at 650C without electrical back up.

• Work with radiators or underfloor heating

• Standard Central heating Controls


Independently tested to EN 14511 by BSRIA

Calorex Product Range

Ground source heat pumps Air source heat pumps

Output COP

brine on 0oC; output to

water 35oC

Output COP

air on 7oC; output to

water 35oC

3.5kW 4.53 4.50kW 3.43

5.0kW 4.53 9.0kW 3.54

8.0kW 4.14 12.0kW 3.65

12.0kW 4.31 Above COP’s include full defrost cycles

EN14511*

standard 3.50

EN14511*

standard 3.20

* UK Microgeneration certification scheme standard

Source:- BSRIA

V2 Model V2 and V1 Models

INSTALLING THE EQUIPMENT

ASHP Installation

Siting the unit

>0.15m >3.0m

GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

Hot and Cold

Range

3.5kW

5.0kW

8.0kW

12.0kW

25.0kW

Ground Source

Electricity in

Heat out 1 kW

4 kW

3 kW



Ground Source Heat Pumps

• Amplified/ Upgraded - Heat from the Earth!

• Available EVERYWHERE in the UK

• Totally Renewable

• Totally Sustainable

• Replenished naturally via Solar energy

• Proven technology

Types of Ground Systems

• Open loop

• Water extracted from ground and

discharged back at second point

• Closed loop

• Water circulated

• Evaporator installed direct in ground,

refrigerant circulated

Loop Configurations


and swimming pools

Applications




• GSHP providing LPHW at 55oC in place of conventional boiler

• Output of LPHW coils reduced, usually flow temperature 80oC.

• 50% of rated output!!

• Need to check changed capacity against building and pool

heat loads

• Calorex are only company that can offer complete 100% heat

pump only solution for an indoor pool

• Good viable solution, particularly off gas network



GSHP & Variheat

ASHP & Variheat

GSHP for Indoor Pool

Water Heating • Operational heat losses of pool made up from recovered energy

if using heat pump heat recovery AHU

• Only water heat load comes from back wash of filters and

dilution for chemical treatment

• Heat up from cold done rarely

• Cost prohibitive to size GSHP for rapid heat up time.

• Limited usage if installed just for limited pool water heat load

• GSHP combined with other loads e.g. pool hall air heating, main

dwelling space heating would be OK

GSHP for Outdoor

Pool • Summer Season; March - October

• Use Air Source Heat Pump; e.g. Calorex 29 or 31 range

• COP of GSHP fixed at 4

• COP of ASHP variable from 4 when air at 10oC to 6 with

air at 25oC

• Installation cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP

• Running cost of ASHP cheaper than GSHP

• Conclusion - Install ASHP

Funding

• Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS


– ASHP £900

– GSHP £1200

• CERT – Energy supplier

• Carbon Trust Loan

– Interest free loan over 4 years

– Payback based on energy saving achieved

Summary

• 1kWh of electricity can deliver over 4kWh of renewable

energy from the ground

• Proven technology with case studies to back up

performance

• The lowest running cost system for “off gas” network

areas

• Huge savings on running costs

• Huge savings on CO2 emissions

• Long life, low maintenance, sustainable technology.

Summary





• Works with under floor heating, radiators or pool units






Borehole

Ground Loop

Installing the

Ground Loop

Pressure Test

Grouting

Grouting the Borehole

Horizontal Ground Loop

• Requires more space

• More suited to new build

• Less stable ground

temperature; can be less

efficient

• Cost saving if site

contractor lays the pipes

• 5kW = 2 x 40m trenches at

5m spacing

Horizontal Slinky

Horizontal Loops

25kW GSHP

8 x 50m trenches all 5m apart

GSHP System Characteristics

• Building - Thermal characteristics and user load requirements for heating and DHW

• Heat Pump - Output matched to load requirements of building

• Ground Loop - Designed to provide renewable energy in line with requirements of the building load and heat pump

GSHP System Schematic

12kW Installation 3 x 65m boreholes

External retro fit Installation


Range

• 4.5 kW

• 9.0 kW

• 12.0 kW

• Up to 70kW 3-ph

Range designed specifically

for UK climatic conditions

Air Source

Annual Ground and Air Temperature fluctuations - UK

Source; Earth Energy Ltd

Defrosting issues

This products designed to work at -20oC in their home climate!

However, installed in UK can’t cope with January day

Defrosting 48 min in every hour!!


• Designed to operate in UK ‘s temperate humid climate

• Oversized evaporator, optimised fin spacing and Calorex designed control system resulting in a reverse cycle defrost only 4 minutes per hour (93% heating time)

• Typical average defrost of 15 minutes (75% heating time)

• Dual temperature – CH (radiators or underfloor) & DHW

• Simple controls - standard central heating controls

• Twin compressors for larger units – optimised efficiency

• Single phase electrical installation - low starting currents

• Large diameter low speed fan leading to exceptionally low noise levels - super quiet

System Design

Considerations

Heating Requirement

• Accurate assessment of design day heat

loss of dwelling required

• SAP calculation for new build and major

refurbishment

• Refurbishment project - Insulate first

• Latest Part ‘L’ Buildings coming out at

35-40 W/m2

System Design

Considerations

Heating system design

• Flow temperature - Range: 35 to 55oC

• Radiator sizes; Reduced output DT30; factor = 0.51

• Under-floor; design outputs – 50-60W/m2

• Flow rates - Vital to HP performance

• Heat Pump cycling - System water volumes

• Buffer Tanks

Installation Issues

• Location of Heat Pump – air flow or access to ground loop

• Location of cylinders – DHW & buffer

• Electrical power supply

– Starting loads – single or 3-phase

• Conventional plumbing components

• Controls – integration of other heat sources and renewables

• Circulating pump sizing

ASHP Monovalent System

Under-floor Installation

Bi-Valent System

Dual Heat Pumps

RUNNING COST AND EMISSIONS

SAVINGS

Cost Comparisons

Energy Costs

• Gas = 3.3 p/kWh

• Elec = 10.2 p/kWh

• Oil = 37p/litre = 3.7p/kWh

COP against 93% efficient gas boiler

Heat = 3.3/0.93 = 3.55 p/kWh

COP = 10.2/3.55 = 2.87

COP against 60% efficient oil boiler

Heat = 3.7/0.6 = 6.17 p/kWh

COP = 10.2/6.17 = 1.65

Performance of Heat Pump

Type Air/Water

on

Water off Heat

Output

COP



12kW

GSHP

3oC 40oC 13.5kW 4.2

12kW

GSHP

3oC 55oC 13.0kW 3.1

Estimated seasonal performance

Running Cost savings

Source:- EON

Avaerage Annual Fuel Cost Comparison 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

GSH

P

GSH

P(E7)

ASHP

ASHP (E

7)

Electric

Elec.(E

7)

Gas

(Con

d)

Oil

LPG

Solid

Fuel C

ost (

£ p

a)

Space Htg

HWS

Cooking

Ltg.+Pwr

Carbon Emissions savings

Source:- EON

Comparison of Average Annual CO2 Emissions - 100m2 New Build. - Underfloor Heating - Calorex August 2008

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

8500

9000

9500

10000

10500

11000

11500

12000

GSH

P

GSH

P(E7)

ASH

P

ASH

P (E

7)

Electric

Elec.(E

7)

Gas

(Cond)

Oil

LPG

Solid

Annual C

O2 E

mis

sio

ns (k

g)

Space Htg

HWS

Cooking

Ltg.+Pw r

Why use a heat pump?

• Environmentally friendly

• Lower running costs

• COP always greater than 1

• Energy efficient means of heating

• Will operate from domestic power supplies

• Simple Installation

• Reliable – Long working life

• Very low maintenance

Advantages of

Heat Pump v Boiler • Energy efficient

• Easy to install




• Simple controls



• Reliable


Funding • Microgeneration Certification scheme - MCS


– Domestic properties – ASHP £900 & GSHP £1200, max £2500 per property

• LCBP – low carbon building programme

– Community groups, public and non-profit sector

– Up to 50% of installation costs

– Applies to ASHP & GSHP up to 300kW heat output – Now open to all MCS registered products and installers, as of 1st July 09

• CERT – carbon emission reduction target

– Funding via energy suppliers

– Applies to GSHPs only, not currently ASHPs – Up to 85% subsidy depending on Carbon saving e.g. coal fired boiler

• Carbon Trust Loan – Interest free loan over 4 years – Payback based on energy saving achieved

Case Studies


Braddock Row Development

• New sheltered housing scheme

• 10 individual 2-bed properties

• High standard of insulation, better than part L

• Borehole for each property

• Heating via under-floor system

• Heat pump also providing hot water

Penwith District Council Penzance, Cornwall

Project summary

• Refurbishment of existing

housing stock

• Conversion from coal fired

boiler to GSHP

• Insulation standard of

properties improved

Penwith District Council

Penwith District Council Heat Pump Location

Penwith District Council Hot Water Cylinder Location

Westlea Housing Assoc.

Withybed, Wiltshire

Project Summary

• New Build

• Well insulated

• Six houses

• Semi- detached

• Under-floor heating

• Calorex 5000DT 5.0kW GSHP

• 2 x 50m boreholes per property

• Providing space & water heating

Flintshire County Council

Caerwys, N. Wales

• 15 x 2 bed bungalows

• Upgraded insulation

• 5kW GSHP

• Radiators

• Central Oil boiler

• Community Centre with

9kW ASHP

• Providing space & hot

water heating

Project Summary

• Retrofit Project

• 15 x 1-bed semi-detached bungalows

• Floor area 40m2

• Heat loss 2.8kW

• Calorex 3500 3.5kW GSHP

• Single 80m borehole per property

• Replaced electric heating

• Project specified and managed by NPS Property Consultants

Mid-Suffolk District Council

Stradbrooke, Suffolk

Case Study - ASHP


• New Build

• Social housing

• CfSH level 3

• 3-bed Semi

• Single 9kW ASHP

• Heating by Radiators

• All CH & DHW

Case Study - ASHP


• Social Housing - New build

• 2-bed flats

• CfSH – Code level 3

• Ground & 1st Floor – ASHP

• Heating by Radiators & DHW

• 2nd Floor – Solar Thermal

St Cedds School

Chelmsford

• 3 Classroom Block

• 12kW GSHP

• 3 x 65m Boreholes

• Underfloor heating

• DHW for toilets

• Alternative was gas

main across school to

local boiler







ASHP’s






Summary





• Works with under floor heating or radiators






Heat Pumps

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