CALMODULIN (CaM)

BY: -HUSNAIN RIAZINTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

Calmodulin is a Calcium Binding Protein

Use to detect changes in calcium ion concentration

It is a ubiquitous protein

Calcium Ion Most abundant mineral present in body

Calcium have many roles in our body like in metabolism, composition of eukaryotes

Act as a secondary messenger in signal transduction pathway

Structure

Calmodulin is a small protein of about 148 amino acids

Has two globular domains joined by flexible linker region

Also has four EF hands on both domains

Binding

Calmodulin binds with four calcium ions

EF hands produces electronegative area to bind with Ca ion

After binding calmodulin undergo conformational changes

Target of Calmodulin Adenyl Cyclase – Conversion of ATP into AMP

Protein Kinase – Many signaling cascades and is thought to be an important mediator of learning and memory, immune signaling

Ca Mg ATPase – regulating the amount of Ca2+ with in the cell

Glycogen synthase – involved in converting glucose to glycogen

Myosin Kinase – important in contraction in muscle