c5 - fuel cells and rechargeable batteries nathan marshak

11
C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

Upload: lucas-lloyd

Post on 23-Dec-2015

223 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteriesnathan marshak

Page 2: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

Instead of recharging, you add fuel

Lower environmental impact

Expensive.

FUEL CELLS

Secondary cells are rechargeable.

Store small amounts of energy

Cheap.

BATTERIES

C.5.3 - DESCRIBE HOW A HYDROGEN-OXYGEN FUEL CELL WORKS

Page 3: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C.5.1 - DESCRIBE HOW A HYDROGEN-OXYGEN FUEL CELL WORKSREACTION FOR ACIDIC ELECTROLYTE (e.g.

Phosphoric Acid)Positive: 2O2 + 4e - + 4H+ --> 4H2ONegative: 4H2 --> 4H+ + 4e-

Overall: 2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O

QuickTime™ and aGIF decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Page 4: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C.5.1 - DESCRIBE HOW A HYDROGEN-OXYGEN FUEL CELL WORKS

REACTION FOR BASIC ELECTROLYTE (e.g. NaOH)

Positive: H2 + 2OH- --> 2H2O + 2e-

Negative: O2 + 2H2O + 4e- --> 4OH-

Overall: 2H2 + O2 --> 2H2O

Page 5: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

Nickel-Cadmium Battery

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

Page 6: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

Nickel-Cadmium Battery

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

REACTION AT NEGATIVE ELECTRODE (CADMIUM)

REACTION AT POSITIVE ELECTRODE (NICKEL)

OVERALL REACTION

Page 7: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

Used in cars to start it.

Battery charges while car is running.

Amount of charge left can be measured

Heavy

Lead Acid Battery

Page 8: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

Page 9: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

Lighter than NiCd

Consumer devices

More voltage than NiCd,

Shorter lifespan than NiCd

Lithium-Ion Battery

Page 10: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES

Lithium-Ion Battery

Positive: LiCoO2 --> Li1-xCoO2 + xLi+ +xe-

Negative: C + xLi+ + xe- --> CLix

Overall: LiCoO2 + C --> Li1-xCoO2 + CLix

Page 11: C5 - Fuel CELLS AND rechargeable Batteries nathan marshak

CHARGING DISCHARGING

C.5.2 - DESCRIBE THE WORKINGS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES