c omputing e ssentials 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 presentations by: fred bounds timothy j....

49
COMPUTING ESSENTIALS 199 9 2000 199 9 2000 199 9 2000 Presentations by Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Upload: harry-butler

Post on 14-Dec-2015

231 views

Category:

Documents


6 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

COMPUTING

COMPUTING

ESSENTIALS

ESSENTIALS

199920001999200019992000

Presentations by:Fred Bounds

Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Page 2: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

44Input and OutputInput and Output

CHAPTER

Page 3: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

3Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Competencies

After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Explain the difference between keyboards and direct-entry input devices.

2. Describe the features of keyboards and the four types of terminals.

3. Describe direct-entry devices used with microcomputers.

Page 4: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

4Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Competencies

4. Discuss voice recognition systems.

5. Describe monitors and monitor standards.

6. Describe printers (ink-jet, laser, thermal) and plotters (pen, ink-jet, electrostatic and direct-image)

7. Describe voice-output devices.

Page 5: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

5Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Overview

• Two most important places for computer- human interface

• Computers can only work with binary language

• Input devices translate what we understand to a form acceptable to the computer

• Output devices do the reverse

Page 6: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Input: Keyboard versus Direct Entry

Input devices convert people-readable data into machine-readable form. Input may be by keyboard or direct entry.

Page 7: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

7Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Data Entry

• Keyboard entry– Keys like typewriter to enter text and numbers– Data normally comes from an original or

source document

• Direct entry– Data in machine readable form at entry point

Page 8: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

8Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Data Entry

• Entry methods– Point-of-sale (POS) methods - keyboard and

bar scanning – Wand reader– Platform scanner

A Point-of-sale A Point-of-sale transactiontransactionA Point-of-sale A Point-of-sale transactiontransaction

Page 9: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Keyboard Entry

In keyboard entry, people type input. There are four types of terminals: dumb, intelligent, network computer and Internet terminal.

Page 10: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

10Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

TraditionTraditional al

keyboardkeyboard

TraditionTraditional al

keyboardkeyboard

Escape keyEscape keyEscape keyEscape key

Navigation Navigation keyskeys

Navigation Navigation keyskeys

Function keysFunction keysFunction keysFunction keys

SpacebarSpacebarSpacebarSpacebar

Numeric keypadNumeric keypadNumeric keypadNumeric keypad

Windows keyWindows keyWindows keyWindows key

Page 11: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

11Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Keyboard Entry

• Keyboards - besides alphanumeric, special purpose keys that toggle or work with the Control, Alt and Shift keys

Page 12: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

12Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Keyboard Entry

• Terminals - input and output device connecting users to mainframe computers– Dumb terminal - no processor or local

storage– Intelligent terminal - CPU, memory and

storage; Net PC, or network computer

Page 13: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

13Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Keyboard Entry

• Terminals - input and output device connecting users to mainframe computers– Network terminal - low cost alternative to

intelligent terminal– Internet terminal - or Web terminal,

accesses and displays Web pages on a television set

Page 14: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Direct Entry

Direct entry creates machine-readable data that can go directly to the CPU. Direct entry includes pointing, scanning and voice-input devices.

Page 15: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

15Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Direct Entry

• Data is already in machine-readable format

• No keyboard or transcription device required

• Three categories– Pointing devices– Scanning devices– Voice-input devices

Page 16: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

16Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Pointing Devices

• Mouse, trackball or touch-surface - cursor moves in response to rolling ball or moving finger Left buttonLeft buttonLeft buttonLeft button Right Right

buttonbutton

Right Right buttonbutton

Roller ballRoller ballRoller ballRoller ball

Retaining ringRetaining ringRetaining ringRetaining ring

CableCableCableCable

Page 17: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

17Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Pointing Devices

• Mouse, trackball or touch-surface - cursor moves in response to rolling ball or moving finger

• Touch screen - screen recognizes position of touching finger

Page 18: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

18Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Pointing Devices

• Mouse, trackball or touch-surface - cursor moves in response to rolling ball or moving finger

• Touch screen - screen recognizes position of touching finger

• Light pen - screen recognizes position of light-sensitive pen-like device

Page 19: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

19Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Pointing Devices

• Digitizer - special pad and stylus used to capture images hand drawn

• Digital camera - image recorded digitally and stored on chips or disks; not yet film quality, but increasingly popular as prices drop

• Digital notebook - notepad that can capture handwriting and store it

Page 20: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

20Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Digitizer: an Digitizer: an industrial designindustrial design Digitizer: an Digitizer: an industrial designindustrial design

Page 21: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

21Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Pen-based computer: Pen-based computer: recording inventory recording inventory Pen-based computer: Pen-based computer: recording inventory recording inventory

Page 22: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

22Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Scanning Devices

• Image scanner - images scanned and broken into digital code

• Fax machine - scanner codes images and sends them over the phone line

• Bar-code readers - photoelectric scanner reads vertical bars

Page 23: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

23Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Image Scanner

• Identifies images on a page and converts them to digital electronic signals

• Increased usage in desktop publishing and for home use as well

Page 24: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

24Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Fax Machines

• Fax machine - scans images and transmits them over phone lines to a receiving fax on the other end

• Fax modem cards in computers achieve same results without scanning capability

Page 25: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

25Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Bar-Code Readers

• Photoelectric scanners that read vertical zebra-striped marks called bar codes

• The bar code is a unique identifier that links to a product code in the store’s computer

Page 26: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

26Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Bar-Code Readers

• The computer contains the product description and price

Page 27: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

27Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Scanning Devices

• Character and mark recognition devices– Magnetic-ink character recognition (MICR) - used

by banks to read magnetically encoded characters

– Optical-character recognition (OCR) - specially preprinted characters are read by OCR devices such as wand scanners

– Optical-mark recognition (OMR) - devices sense the presence or absence of marks, common for test scoring

Page 28: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

28Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Voice-Input Devices

• Convert speech into digital code• Most common device is the microphone• Voice recognition systems

– Microphone, bundled with sound card and software

– Some voice recognition systems must be trained for user’s voice

– Some can translate from one language to another

Page 29: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

29Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Voice Recognition Systems

• Continuous speech - used to issue commands to special application programs

• Discrete-word - permits users to dictate directly into a microcomputer

Page 30: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Output: Monitors, Printers, Plotters, Voice

Output devices convert machine-readable information into people-readable form.

Page 31: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Monitors

Monitor standards indicate screen quality. Some monitors are used on the desktop, others are portable.

Page 32: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

32Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Monitor Standards

• VGA (“Video Graphics Array”) - 16 colors at 640 by 480

• Super VGA or SVGA (“Super Video Graphics Array”) - minimum resolution of 800 by 600, up to 1600 by 1200

• XGA (“Extended Graphic Array”) - resolution up 1024 by 768, over 18 million colors

Page 33: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

33Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Cables

Cable Port Devices

Parallel printer, CD-ROMdrive, Zip drive

USB modem, joy stick,scanner

Cable Port Devices

Parallel printer, CD-ROMdrive, Zip drive

USB modem, joy stick,scanner

Serial mouse, modem, keyboard

Video monitor

Page 34: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

34Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Color and Resolution Capabilities

Standard Pixels Colors

SVGA 800 x 6001024 x 768

256256

Standard Pixels Colors

SVGA 800 x 6001024 x 768

256256

VGA 640 X 480 16

XGA 1024 X 768 65,536

Page 35: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

35Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Monitors

• Cathode-Ray Tubes - similar to television technology

• Flat-Panel Monitors - or liquid display (LCD) monitors– Passive-matrix or dual-scan - images

created by scanning the entire screen– Active-matrix - each pixel is individually

activated

Page 36: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

36Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

A desktop monitor: A desktop monitor: SVGA display SVGA displayA desktop monitor: A desktop monitor: SVGA display SVGA display

Page 37: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Printers

There are three types of printers: ink-jet, laser and thermal.

Page 38: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

38Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Printers

• Ink-jet Printer– Sprays droplets of ink on paper to produce

text and images– Inexpensive

Page 39: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

39Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Printers

• Laser Printer – Technology

similar to photocopier

– Laser beam creates images which are applied via toner to paper

Page 40: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

40Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Printers

• Thermal Printer– Heat used to produce text and images on

heat-sensitive paper– Very high quality color option

Page 41: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

41Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Printers

• Other Printers– Dot-matrix uses pins to produce dots on

paper to represent text and images– Chain printer - high speed printer for

minicomputers and mainframes

Page 42: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Plotters

Plotters are special-purpose drawing devices.

Page 43: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

43Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Plotters

• Pen Plotter– Moving pen or pencil over

drafting paper– Least expensive– Slower speed and limited

capability

• Ink-Jet Plotter– Uses sprayed droplets of

ink– Faster

Page 44: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

44Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Plotters

• Ink-Jet Plotter– Uses sprayed

droplets of ink– Faster– High quality– Quiet operation

Page 45: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

45Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Plotters

• Electrostatic Plotter– Electrostatic charges

(rather than pens) produce dots on specially treated paper

– Paper is then developed

– Very fast– Hazardous chemicals

Page 46: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

46Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Plotters

• Direct Imaging Plotter– Electrically heated

pins create images on heat-sensitive paper

– Expensive paper required

– Two-color output only

Page 47: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

Voice-Output Devices

Voice-output devices vocalize prerecorded sounds.

Page 48: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

48Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four

Voice-Output Devices

• Make sounds that resemble human speech but actually are using prerecorded vocalized sounds

• Components are often a sound card and a speaker system

Page 49: C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Presentations by: Fred Bounds Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary

49Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter Four