GROUP 14CARBON FAMILY

By: Matt Cardonne & Adam Zylberman

Group 14 Elements: Carbon C 1s2 2s2 2p2 or (He) 2s2 2p2

Silicon Si 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 or (Ne) 3s2 3p2

Germanium Ge 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2 or (Ar) 4s2 3d10 4p2

Tin Sn 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p2 or (Kr) 4d10 5s2 5p2

Lead Pb 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 or (Xe) 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6

Ununquadium Uuq 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 or (Rn) 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2

Special Group Name Carbon Family State of Matter Solid

Carbon-C Name: Carbon Symbol: C Atomic Number: 6 Element Classification: Non-metal Physical Properties: Soft, dull gray or

black, density= 2.267 g/mL Chemical Properties: Carbon burns to form

CO2 or CO, combines with other elements.

Spectral Lines of Carbon

Silicon-S

Spectral lines of Silicon

Name: Silcon Symbol: S Atomic Number: 14 Element Classification: Metalloid Physical Properties: Gray and metallic

appearance, density= 2.329 g/cm3

Chemical Properties: Combines with other elements.

Germanium- Ge Name: Germanium Symbol: Ge Atomic Number: 32 Element Classification: Metalloid Physical Properties: Bright, shiny, silvery color.

Brittle and breaks apart. Chemical Properties: Inactive, does not dissolve

with water or react with oxygen at room temperature.

Tin- Sn Name: Tin Symbol: Sn Atomic Number: 50 Element Classification: Post-

Transition Metals Physical Properties: Malleable,

silvery white metal. Chemical Properties: Forms a

protective oxide film so it resists corrosion by water but will corrode in acids, alkalis and salts.

Lead- Pb Name: Lead Symbol: Pb Atomic Number: 82 Element Classification: Post-

Transition Metals Physical Properties: Bluish white

metal, bright luster, very soft. Chemical Properties: Very resistant

to corrosion.

Ununquadium- Uuq

Name: Ununquadium Symbol: Uuq Atomic Number: 114 Element Classification: Post-

Transition Metal. Physical Properties: Metallic,

silvery white or grey, properties similar to lead and tin.

Chemical Properties: Unstable.

GENERAL PROPERTIES

Vary in Physical and Chemical properties.

Relatively unreactive. Tend to form covalent bonds. Some semi-conductors and poor

conductors of heat and electricity. Generally soft, malleable. Occur in nature in elemental and

combined forms.

Covalent Bonding

USES Carbon is used for drill bits and machine

parts. Silicon is used to make ceramics and glass.

It is used to make concrete and brick. Tin is used to plate iron cans to keep them

from rusting. Lead used to be used in pipes, because it is

unreactive, it is not used anymore because it is toxic.

Germanium is a rare element that is used to manufacture semi-conductor devices.

Drill Bits

INTERESTING FACTS Carbon as diamond is the

hardest known naturally occurring substance.

Silicon is found in beach sand.

Tin is a superconductor at low temperatures.

The discovery that lead is toxic to humans has led to the development of unleaded gasoline and paint.

CONCLUSION

The carbon family is made up of a nonmetal, metalloids, and metals.

Properties vary in the elements of the group, but they are generally unreactive.

The elements of carbon, silicon, and germanium have become very important in electronics and computers.

Ununquadium is unstable and radioactive.