bullet train
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The The Bullet Bullet TrainTrainBY- SWATANTRA DEEP BY- SWATANTRA DEEP
KATIYARKATIYAR
IntroductionIntroduction Bullet train trackBullet train track Support systemSupport system Types of technologyTypes of technology Propulsion systemPropulsion system Bullet vs conventonal trainBullet vs conventonal train How it is better for the environmentHow it is better for the environment
IntroductionIntroduction
Bullet trainBullet train is a system of transportation that is a system of transportation that uses magnetic levitation to suspend, guide and uses magnetic levitation to suspend, guide and propel vehicles from magnets rather than using propel vehicles from magnets rather than using mechanical methods, such as friction-reliant mechanical methods, such as friction-reliant wheels, axles and bearings. Bullet train is a wheels, axles and bearings. Bullet train is a means of flying a vehicle or object along a means of flying a vehicle or object along a guideway by using magnets to create both lift guideway by using magnets to create both lift and thrust, albeit only a few inches above the and thrust, albeit only a few inches above the guideway surfaceguideway surface
The Bullet Train The Bullet Train TrackTrackType of Magnet UsesType of Magnet Uses
This train uses superconducting electric magnets in This train uses superconducting electric magnets in the vehicle to levitate and propel the train. These the vehicle to levitate and propel the train. These
magnets are cooled by liquid helium or liquid magnets are cooled by liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. This means that once electrified these nitrogen. This means that once electrified these
magnets do not require additional energy.magnets do not require additional energy.
The magnetized coil running along the track, called The magnetized coil running along the track, called a a guidewayguideway, allowing the train to , allowing the train to levitatelevitate between 0.39 between 0.39 and 3.93 inches above the guideway. Once the train is and 3.93 inches above the guideway. Once the train is levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway. fields that pull and push the train along the guideway. The electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway The electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the the magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward, while the magnetic field behind the train adds forward, while the magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrustmore forward thrust
The electromagnets on the underside of the train pull it up to the ferromagnetic stators on the track and levitate the train.
The magnets on the side keep the train from moving from side to side.
A computer changes the amount of current to keep the train 1 cm from the track.
Support systemSupport system
Two types of bullet train Two types of bullet train TechnologiesTechnologies
Electromagnetic suspension (EMS)Electromagnetic suspension (EMS) Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)
Electromagnetic suspension (EMS)Electromagnetic suspension (EMS)
In current electromagnetic suspension (EMS) In current electromagnetic suspension (EMS) systems, the train levitates above a steel rail systems, the train levitates above a steel rail while while electromagnets, attached to the train, are , attached to the train, are oriented toward the rail from below. The oriented toward the rail from below. The system is typically arranged on a series of C-system is typically arranged on a series of C-shaped arms, with the upper portion of the arm shaped arms, with the upper portion of the arm attached to the vehicle, and the lower inside attached to the vehicle, and the lower inside edge containing the magnets. The rail is edge containing the magnets. The rail is situated between the upper and lower edges.situated between the upper and lower edges.
Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)
In electrodynamic suspension (EDS), both the In electrodynamic suspension (EDS), both the rail and the train exert a magnetic field, and the rail and the train exert a magnetic field, and the train is levitated by the repulsive force between train is levitated by the repulsive force between these magnetic fields. The magnetic field in these magnetic fields. The magnetic field in the train is produced by either superconducting the train is produced by either superconducting magnets or by an array of permanent magnets or by an array of permanent magnets . The repulsive force in the track is magnets . The repulsive force in the track is created by an created by an induced magnetic field in wires in wires or other conducting strips in the track. or other conducting strips in the track.
Electrodynamic Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)suspension (EDS)
representationrepresentation
Propulsion System
The system consists of aluminum three-phase cable windings in the stator packs that are on the guideway
When a current is supplied to the windings, it creates a traveling alternating current that propels the train forward by pushing and pulling.
When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes.
Different speeds are achieved by varying the intensity of the current. Only the section of track where the train is traveling is electrified.
PropulsionPropulsion An alternating current is ran through An alternating current is ran through
electromagnet coils on the guide walls of the electromagnet coils on the guide walls of the guide way. This creates a magnetic field that guide way. This creates a magnetic field that
attracts and repels the superconducting attracts and repels the superconducting magnets on the train and propels the train magnets on the train and propels the train
forward.forward. Braking is accomplished by sending an Braking is accomplished by sending an
alternating current in the reverse direction alternating current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and so that it is slowed by attractive and
repulsive forces.repulsive forces.
Seating Capacity & Seating Capacity & classesclasses
The train has three seprate classes The train has three seprate classes namely buisness class, green class, namely buisness class, green class, ordinary class.ordinary class.
E 5 Series shinkansen train E 5 Series shinkansen train configured with ten cars and has a configured with ten cars and has a capacity to carry 731 passenger.capacity to carry 731 passenger.
658 seats of ordinary class, 55 seats 658 seats of ordinary class, 55 seats are of green class and 18 seats are are of green class and 18 seats are in buisness class.in buisness class.
BulletBullet vs. vs. ConventionalConventional TrainsTrains
Bullet TrainsBullet Trains Conventional TrainsConventional Trains
No Friction = Less No Friction = Less MaintenanceMaintenance
Routine Maintenance Routine Maintenance
NeededNeeded
No Engine = No fuel No Engine = No fuel requiredrequired
Engine requires Engine requires fossil fuelsfossil fuels
Speeds in excess ofSpeeds in excess of
300 mph300 mphSpeeds up to 110 Speeds up to 110 mphmph
Application Application InformationInformation
SafetySafety
The trains are virtually impossible to derail The trains are virtually impossible to derail because the train is wrapped around the track.because the train is wrapped around the track.
Collisions between trains are unlikely because Collisions between trains are unlikely because computers are controlling the trains movements.computers are controlling the trains movements.
MaintenanceMaintenance
There is very little maintenance because there is There is very little maintenance because there is no contact between the parts.no contact between the parts.
ComfortComfort
The ride is smooth while not accelerating..The ride is smooth while not accelerating..
Economic EfficencyEconomic Efficency
The initial investment is similar to other high The initial investment is similar to other high speed rail roads. (Maglift is $20-$40 million speed rail roads. (Maglift is $20-$40 million per mile and I-279 in Pittsburg cost $37 million per mile and I-279 in Pittsburg cost $37 million per mile 17 years ago.)per mile 17 years ago.)
Operating expenses are half of that of other Operating expenses are half of that of other railroads.railroads.
A train is composed of sections that each A train is composed of sections that each contain 100 seats, and a train can have between contain 100 seats, and a train can have between 2 and 10 sections. 2 and 10 sections.
Better for the EnvironmentBetter for the Environment
Less energy consumption because no rail-track frictionLess energy consumption because no rail-track friction Requires no fossil fuel which can harm the environment.Requires no fossil fuel which can harm the environment. Less noise pollution since the train never hits the trackLess noise pollution since the train never hits the track MagLev guideways and trains take up less space than MagLev guideways and trains take up less space than
conventional trainsconventional trains
SummarySummary
Bullet trains use magnets to levitate and propel Bullet trains use magnets to levitate and propel the trains forward.the trains forward.
Since there is no friction these trains can reach Since there is no friction these trains can reach high speeds.high speeds.
It is a safe and efficient way to travel.It is a safe and efficient way to travel.
ReferencesReferences
www.wikipedia.com www.google.com
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