building the future we want promoting disaster resilient nations … · building the future we want...
TRANSCRIPT
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
1
Mariana Osihn
UNISDR Regional Office for Europe
www.unisdr.org
Building the future we want
promoting disaster resilient nations
and communities
Framtidens byar, Sandnes, Norway
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
2
UNISDR – United Nations Office for Disaster Risk
Reduction
The SRSG – The UN Special Representative of the Secretary-General
for Disaster Risk Reduction – Ms. Margareta Wahlstrom
Offices
• HQ Geneva
• 5 regional offices (Brussels, Bangkok, Cairo, Panama, Nairobi)
• 2 Liaison offices (New York, Kobe)
• 100 staff globally
UNISDR Europe Office
• Brussels
• 40 countries and EU Institutions
• Ms. Paola Albrito
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
3
Coordinate: (How Organise: GP, RP, NP)
international efforts disaster risk reduction
and provide guidance for the implementation
of the HFA and monitor its implementation.
Advocate: (Encourage - Climate Change,
Education, Gender, MDG) for greater
investment in disaster risk reduction actions
to protect people’s lives and assets.
Campaign: (Promote – Making Cities
Resilient, Safe Schools and Hospitals
Sasakawa Award)
Inform: (Provide – GAR, HFA Report,
Terminology, PreventionWeb)
United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
(UNISDR) main functions
http://www.unisdr.org/campaign/resilientcities/
http://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/publications/19846
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
4
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
• Reducing the risk of natural hazards (floods, droughts, earthquakes, storms)
• Disasters often follow natural hazards and a disaster's severity depends on how
much impact a hazard has on society and the environment
• DRR is the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic
efforts to analyze and reduce the causal factors of disasters.
• Disaster risk reduction examples
• Reducing exposure to hazards
• Lessening vulnerability of people and property
• Wise management of land and the environment, and
• Improving preparedness for adverse events
• DRR includes disciplines like disaster management, disaster mitigation and
disaster preparedness and is also part of sustainable development.
• DRR is everybody's business
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
5
Greater exposure to natural and human-
induced hazards, climate change and
variability
Socio-economic drivers: poverty and
unsustainable development, unplanned
urban growth and migrations, lack of risk
awareness and institutional capacities...
Physical drivers: insufficient land use
planning, housing & critical infrastructure
located in hazard prone areas...
Environmental degradation: ecosystem
and natural resource depletion (coastal,
watershed, wetlands, forests…)
VULNERABILITY
HAZARDS +
EXTREME EVENTS
Disasters are NOT natural
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
6
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
7
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015:
Building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters
Five priorities for action
1. Governance: ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with strong institutional basis for implementation
2. Risk identification: identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning
3. Knowledge: use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels
4. Reducing the underlying risk factors in various sectors (environment, health, construction, etc.)
5. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response
Words Into Action: A Guide for Implementing the Hyogo Framework
www.unisdr.org/eng/hfa/docs/Words-into-action/Words-Into-Action.pdf
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
8
Vulnerability in Europe • In 2012, natural disasters caused $160 billion in global economic overall losses.
• 2011 was the costliest year ever in terms of natural catastrophe losses with
US$ 380 billion in global economic losses. 302 disasters claimed 29,782 lives and affected 206 million people. 2005, the previous record year with losses of US$ 220bn.
• Europe’s 10-year average of disaster losses totaling US$13.4 billion makes it the third most affected region in the world after the Americas and Asia.
• 2010 the biggest increase in disaster occurrence (+18.2%) compared to the decade’s average;
• 2002 and 2011 there were 4130 disaster recorded, resulting from natural hazards around the world where 1,117,527 people perished and a minimum of US$1,195 billion was recorded in losses.
• The Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction released in 2011 indicates that in OECD countries the risk of economic losses is now growing faster than their average GDP growth;
• Most of the damages are due to climatological and hydrometeorological events;
Reduced number of Human but High Economic Losses
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
9
HFA Focal Points and NPs in Europe Region
Out of 46 Countries:
38 have designated HFA Focal Points
Albania, Armenia, Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom.
22 Countries have developed a National Platforms:
Armenia, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russian Federation, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Turkey, United Kingdom.
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
10
Linkages between Disaster Risk Reduction
and Climate Change Adaptation
Disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change share
the same ultimate goal of reducing vulnerability to weather and
climate related hazards.
Natural hazards by themselves are not disasters – it is the
combination of an exposed, vulnerable and ill-prepared
population or community with a hazard event that results in a
disaster.
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
11
Climate change will affect disaster risks in two ways:
– Firstly through the likely increase in weather and climate related hazards
– Secondly through increases in the vulnerability of communities to natural hazards, particularly through ecosystem degradation, reductions in water and food availability, changes to livelihoods, and rapid unplanned urban growth.
Linkages between Disaster Risk Reduction and
Climate Change Adaptation
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
12
Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready!
2010 – 2011 (2012-2015) World Disaster Reduction Campaign
• Launched in 2010 in Bonn
• Building on the previous
World Disaster Reduction
Campaign – Safer Schools
and Hospitals
Objectives:
Achieve resilient, sustainable
urban communities through
actions taken by local
governments to reduce disaster
risk
Know More
Invest Wisely
Build More Safely
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
13
Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready!
Partners
Building an alliance of local governments with relevant actors -
community groups, academic institutions, business associations, NGOs
and CBOs to ensure participation in planning and decision-making for
risk reduction.
City associations/networks: UCLG, EMI, CityNet, Metropolis, ICLEI
National Associations of Local Governments
National Platforms and HFA focal points
International partner institutions (UN agencies such as UN-Habitat,
UNDP, ILO, WHO, World Bank, UNICEF and IFRC)
Civil society: Community-based organizations, NGOs, academic
institutions, business associations…
Some regions have a network, task force or platform focusing on
urban disaster risk reduction (e.g. Asia Task Force on Urban Risk)
Regional
organizations
Donors (ECHO, GFDRR)
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
14
Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready!
421 European cities have signed up. 1333 globally.
Armenia: Yerevan, Gyumri
Austria: 279 cities incl. Innsbruck, Lienz, etc.
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Sarajevo Centar
Croatia: Town of Bjelovar, Dubrovnik, Zagreb
Denmark: Copenhagen
France: Nice, Sommières
Germany: Bonn
Greece: Patrass
Iceland: Arborg
Ireland: Dublin
Italy: 51 cities incl. Ancona, Venice, Rome, Florence
Kosovo*: Pristine
Portugal: Amadora ,Cascais, Funchal, Lisbon
Serbia: 50 cities including Nis
Spain: Bullas, Lugo, Madrid, Barcelona
Sweden: Arvika, Karlstadt, Kristianstad, Gothenburg, Jonkoping, Jokkmokk
Switzerland: Davos
Tajikistan: Dushanbe
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: Strumica
Turkey: Antalya, Istanbul, Yalova
United Kingdom: Stoke-on-Trent
Ukraine: Ivano-Frankivsk ,Grabovets, Roslina, Yarblunka
European Champion: Mayor of Venice, Mr Giorgio Orsoni
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
15
Participating cities will have access to campaign specific information and
knowledge:
Invitation to policy dialogues, learning workshops, and other campaign-
related events at the global and regional level.
Access to "Induction packages" for local governments on urban risk in
collaboration with training centres and academia, promoting capacity
development and learning opportunities for cities and local governments in
each region.
High-visibility media events and communication tools.
Local Government Self-Assessment Tool (LGSAT)
Mayors handbook
Information on Awards, e.g. Sasakawa Award
for Disaster Risk Reduction or Risk Award
Benefits for cities joining the Campaign
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
16
Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready!
Ten-Point check list – Essentials for Making Cities Resilient
1. Put in place organization & coordination to clarify everyone’s roles & responsibilities.
2. Assign a budget & provide incentives for homeowners, low-income families, private sector
to invest in risk reduction.
3. Update data on hazards & vulnerabilities, prepare & share risk assessments.
4. Invest in & maintain critical infrastructure, such as storm drainage.
5. Assess the safety of all schools and health facilities & upgrade these as necessary
(1 million safe schools).
6. Enforce risk-compliant building regulations & land use planning principles, identify safe
land for low-income citizens.
7. Ensure education programmes & training on disaster risk reduction are in place in
schools and local communities.
8. Protect ecosystems & natural buffers to mitigate hazards, adapt to climate change.
9. Install early warning systems & emergency management capacities.
10. After any disaster, ensure that the needs of the affected population are at the centre of
reconstruction.
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
17
Making Cities Resilient: My City is Getting Ready!
Handbook for Local Government Leaders - How to Make Cities More
Resilient
Launched in Bonn on 20 May 2012 Chapters 1. Why invest in Disaster Risk Reduction? 2. Information for each of the 10 essentials
Why and what? Examples
3. How to implement the ten essentials for Making Cities Resilient 4. Annexes LGSAT – Local Government Self Assessment Tool DRR Terminology Trends of exposure to disaster risk and references Tools, resources and websites www.unisdr.org/campaign
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
18
Local Government Self-Assessment Tool
• Key questions and measurements against the Ten Essentials (HFA)
• Set baselines, identify gaps and have comparable data across local
governments, within the country and globally, to measure
advancements over time
Cities in Europe concluding the LGSAT
• Venice (Italy)
• Amadora, Lisbon (Portugal)
• Arvika, Gothenburg, Jonkoping, Karlstad (Sweden)
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
19
Copenhagen implements Climate Plan after floods
• ‘A one in 1,000’ year flood in July 2011
• Climate change plan, backed by the national government
• The city’s Climate Plan is designed to limit the impacts of more
severe weather and climate change.
• Calls for a 20 per cent cut in carbon emissions by 2015
• Goal to be carbon neutral by 2025
• Estimated savings of €3 billion over the next 100 years
• Expected increase in rain by 30 per cent (50 % late summer)
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
20
Living with floods while protecting cultural heritage in Venice, Italy
• UNESCO World Heritage Site
• Group of 118 islands within the Venice Lagoon
• High risk of flooding
• ‘living with floods’ rather than ‘fighting floods’
• General plan of interventions for safeguarding the city (structural
and bio- geomorphological management approaches)
• MOSE system - a mechanical barrier system designed to protect
the city from high tides over 110cm
• Mayor of Venice, Mr. Giorgio Orsoni, European Campaign
Champion
• Role model city
• City-to-city exchange with Byblos, Lebanon
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
21
Bonn collaborates on climate adaptation, biodiversity and water
quality
• Six project partner cities worldwide, including Bukhara (Uzbekistan),
Chengdu (China); Cape Coast (Ghana), La Paz (Bolivia), Minsk
(Belarus) and Ulaanbataar (Mongolia).
• Climate adaptation, biodiversity and water quality projects
• Flooding from the Rhine River (major risk).
• The Building Department - responsible for the technical aspects
related to Rhine floods and heavy rains
• Fire department and cooperating national governmental organisations
responsible for Disaster management
• Upgrade flood-protection in Bonn-Beuel
• €6.5 million invested
• Protect 1,000-meter-long section of the river
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
22
City of Ancona
• Engaged the community
• Landslides (major risk)
• “live with the risks
• “ACT-programme (Adapt to Climate Change in Time)”
• Local adaptation strategy
• Risk assessment and actions to be undertaken
• Based on involvement of actors
• Awareness, ensure cost effective and appropriate actions
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
23
• Mr. Giorgio Orsoni, City of Venice (2012) – cultural heritage
• The role of Champions
– Connect with - and convince - government officials at all levels, high-profile
thinkers, innovators and entrepreneurs whose activities can catalyse action
to address those challenges.
• Four major achievements to be recognized as a Champion
– Proven ability to mobilize others to adopt disaster resilient thinking and
behaviour.
– Ability to successfully influence policy and change at the national, local or
community level so that laws or other policy measures are passed to
reduce disaster risk.
– Ability to convey messages to at-risk people - young people, women and
girls, the aging population and disabled persons - in ways proven to reduce
those people's vulnerability to disaster.
– Demonstrating extraordinary commitment to the "Making Cities Resilient"
campaign.
European Campaign Champion
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
24
European Forum for Disaster Risk Reduction (EFDRR)
• European Regional Platform for DRR
• September 2013, Oslo, Norway
• WG 2 – HFA implementation at the local level
• Members: Sweden, Italy, Portugal, DG ECHO, EUR-OPA (Council of
Europe)
• City of Amadora
• Ongoing tasks 2012
- Conduct a survey on Local level DRR measures undertaken
- Share experiences in using the LGSAT
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
25
Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction
19-23 May – Geneva
Gathers a wide range of stakeholders (Government representatives, NGO’s, scientists, practitioners and UN Organizations)
Share experiences and formulate strategic guidance and advice for the implementation of the HFA.
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
26
ww
w.u
nis
dr.
org
27
Thank you The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction and the secretariat
of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
Regional Office for Europe
UN House, 14 Rue Montoyer
1000, Brussels, Belgium
T: +32 (0) 22 902 588
F: +32 (0) 22 904 950
www.unisdr.org
www.unisdr.org/europe