Building sustainable agriculture and an attractive countryside

Experiences with Pesticides of Natural Origin in The

Netherlands

The University of Warwick31st October 2007

Peter Leendertse and Joris van HerkCentre for Agriculture and Environment

Project ‘Genoeg’

GEwasbeschermingsmiddelen van Natuurlijke Oorsprong Effectief Gebruiken

= Effective use of natural pesticides

Topics

1.Definition PNO2.Context3.Genoeg: series of projects4.Experiences5.Future

Definition PNO

Plant protection product of natural origin (PNO) include:

Micro organisms, pheromones, plant enhancers, plant extracts, natural ‘chemical’ substances (minerals, natural gasses, etc).

-> within project Genoeg also synthetically produced ‘natural’ pesticides

Context

•In the Netherlands since mid nineties different governmental projects towards reduction of use (Multi Year Plan on Plant protection, Sustainable Plant Protection Plan) and towards stimulation of “use of natural products”.

•Dutch law had a provision for low toxicity profile PPP’s (regulation exempted pesticides: RUB).

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Fruitteelt

Gemaal Stuvers

Gemaal Baanbreker

Gemaal Brakel

Infiltratiepunt DZHGemaal De Jong

Maas Keizersveer

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n=133

n=132

n=125

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30%

35%

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

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conc. > MTR en < drinkwater

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Chemical pesticides in water

Context

Regulation Exempted Pesticides (RUB):

•Pesticides that need not be evaluated because of their low toxicity profile (e.g. soap to control pests, beer to control slugs, seaweed extracts)

•Very basic screening of toxicity profile

•Is model for Genoeg approach for the evaluation of products (evaluate what is necessary risks assessment).

Genoeg: series of projects

Initiative Horticultural Growers Organisation and Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CLM):

– Especially horticulture has great need for organic and natural products

– In certain crops, control of pests > 95% integrated pest management (mainly natural enemies)

Genoeg: series of projectsStart in 2001

Aims:1. Stimulate authorisation of natural products

(cofinancing, help with dossier)2. Issue management (gain more knowledge and spread

knowledge to growers (excursions, seminars, website))

3. Up-to-date inventory of PNO’s (separate good from bad products!)

4. Stimulate communication and advisory service on use of natural products

5. Be a clear signal to government and policy makers

Genoeg: series of projectsFunded by the Dutch Ministry of Agriculture and - initially - the Product Board for Horticulture

Current projectteam:•Board for the Authorisation of Plant Protection Products and Biocides (Ctgb): Hans Mulder •Plant Protection service (PD): Dirk Jan van der Gaag •CLM: Yvonne Gooijer & Joris van Herk

Others: Wageningen University Research Centre (WUR, PPO), Dutch Organisation for Agriculture and Horticulture (LTO), National institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM)

Genoeg: series of projects

1. 2001-2002: Exploration (analysis of parties, inventory of effective natural pesticides)

2. 2003: Issue management

3. 2003-2005: Project Genoeg Toegelaten (support of 5 natural pesticides for use in glasshouses)

4. 2004-2007: Project Genoeg Breed (support of 10 natural pesticides for all uses)

Genoeg: exploration

• Extensive inventory of natural products used worldwide, resulting in 1200 products of which 250 with known efficacy.

• Analyses of parties involved in natural crop protection in horticulture

Genoeg: issue management

• Website www.genoeg.net

• Seminars

• Newsletters

Genoeg: support in registration procedure

Activities1. Support in registration

• Literature research (RIVM/PD)• Helpdesk CTB• In house assistance of Ctgb during

application process• ‘Finger on the pulse’

2. Co-financing• 50% of costs for research and

registration• max 100.000 euro

Genoeg: support in registration procedure

Approach:

•No new set of requirements; within the present legal framework

•What is the absolute minimum of data required?

•Use as much as possible argumentations, extrapolations, justified risk assessment.

Genoeg: support in registration procedure

Steps:•Selection by Genoeg Breed team (criteria)•Signing of commitment-contract•Primary literature search•First check on dossier data•Dossier amendment (argumentations)•Pre application completeness check by CTB Helpdesk•Go-no go point•Further dossier amendments•Filing of application

Genoeg: support in registration procedure

Selection of products:

•Product of natural origin

•Data on efficacy and preferable tox available

•Low toxicity profile

•Successful authorisation expected

•Company that will defend the product

Genoeg: Succesfull support

Authorised products with support of Genoeg:

• DIPPER (ascorbic acid): for disinfestation of bulbs

• TRIANUM (Trichoderma harzianum): plant strengtheners

• BOTANIGARD (Beauveria bassiana): against white flies in vegetables and flowers

• ENZICUR (potassium-iodide and -thiocyanate): against mildew in roses etc.

• PREFERAL (Paecilomyces fumosoroseus): against white flies in vegetables and ornamental plant cultivation

• Regulation Exempted Pesticides (RUB): e.g. potassium phosphate, chitosan.

Horti Fair Innovation Award 2007!

Genoeg: support in registration procedure

At this moment:

7 agreements for

support and cofinancing

of 13 NEW products

Genoeg: experiences Pro’s:• 10 products authorised• Without help Genoeg applicants would not have started• Successful help during application process (lots of

discussions), without help application would not have been successful

• Financial help• All parties have learned a lot

– Need for basic set of data– Better use and acceptance of argumentations– Increased insight in uses and risks involved– Exchange of views and start of discussions– Better mutual understanding

Genoeg: experiences

Cons:• Despite help no quick process – learning process

for all takes time• Discrepancy EU approach (all items adressed

preferably by studies) vs. Genoeg approach (extended use of argumentations)

• More communication and discussions between parties needed

• Specialized advisors needed to assist potential applicants.

Context

At this moment 51 PNO’s have a registration:

• 18 products based on micro-organisms• 5 products based on sulphur• 2 products based on plantextracts• 26 products on Regulation Exempted

Pesticides (RUB)

Building sustainable agriculture and an attractive countryside

•Projects Genoeg will end 1/1/2008•Discussion of follow up is ongoing•PNO’s can contribute to IPM, clean water and safe products

•Items for discussion–governmental organisation, funding of applications and research, better use of advisors, stimulate use of products, communication and information management.

Future