Building more attractive, sustainable and safer cities

Nokia for Smart Cities1

Globally, urbanization is on the rise. According to Deloitte research and the UN, more than 50 percent of the world’s population lives in towns and cities. By 2050 this number could grow to 66 percent, adding more than 2.5 billion people to the world’s urban population. Smart, connected cities will be the motors of tomorrow’s economy. Smart technologies have the potential to connect and empower citizens, make processes more efficient, reduce congestion, improve safety and utilize resources more sustainably. The most secure and livable cities will attract and retain the best talent, with employers following close behind, in a virtuous cycle that increases the city’s tax base and allows for further growth and improvements.

In the last decade, there are many cities that have experimented with smart-city point solutions and pilot projects but are not seeing the hoped-for efficiencies. In response, city administrators need to look for a long-term, platform approach that harnesses synergies across individual applications, reuses shared capabilities

and ensures an open approach to data and analytics for holistic solutions. Such a platform will make better use of limited budgets, enable public-private collaborations with entrepreneurs and innovators, and engage citizens directly in shaping the future of their cities.

Nokia and smart citiesNokia is a global leader innovating the technologies at the heart of our connected world. We understand that smart, dynamic networks will be the foundation for a smarter world, including our cities. The Nokia Future X architecture is of a connected, digital platform that supports and fosters new applications and services for greater productivity, richer experiences and enhanced quality of life.

Building this dynamic, connected platform is essential to achieving a truly smart city. It provides the reliable broadband connectivity — wired and wireless — to connect all people, processes and systems. Multi-cloud technologies ensure scalability and flexibility, and enable all of the applications

to be run where it makes most sense, while data from every process is securely stored and shared for maximum synergies. Device and connectivity management, cognitive analytics and machine-learning systems then form shared, open platforms on which anyone, public or private, can build the smart applications and services that will enable cross-agency, domain collaboration and bring about the digital transformation of city life.

We call this the Future X architecture for the smart, safe and sustainable city. We are committed to helping our city partners in their digital transformation and, in this way, realize a safer, more livable and sustainable community.

The rise of the city

9.75Bworld population in 2050 vs 8.5B in 20301

70%% of people living in urban areas in 2050 vs 55% in 20201

2%

Share of land surface occupied by cities

1 Source: UN DESA, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IDC, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, McKinsey Global Institute, Gartner Prepare to Monetize Data From the Internet of Things

Nokia for Smart Cities2

In the last decade, there has been much discussion about the ways in which information communications technology (ICT) can be used to transform life and improve the operational efficiency of our cities. Rapid urbanization is putting stress on existing systems. Mired in traffic congestion and saddled with aging or under-dimensioned infrastructure, cities are also struggling with sustainability, security and safety issues. Municipal leaders are looking to information and operational technologies (IT/OT) to address these challenges and help them build safer and more prosperous cities. Other key drivers for smart cities include the economic benefits of attracting companies and their workers, increasing the openness, availability and transparency of information available to citizens, and creating public-private partnerships to spur innovation in the area of city-related services.

Many cities, while embracing the notion of the smart city, are struggling to realize it in practice. Pilot projects, such as smart parking, have limited success because

they fail to address the larger issues, such as traffic congestion. Cities are complex environments with many inter-dependencies. One of the promises of the smart city is to monitor the many complexities and inter-dependencies using sensors and analytic software from which correlations and historically based decisions can be drawn using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. These insights can then be used to automate processes and better augment decision making for everything from policy to policing.

Building a smart platformThe most advanced cities have begun to wrestle with this problem by beginning with a smart platform approach. They first build the cognitive analytics, machine learning and automation capabilities, as well as the digital operations to manage sensors and devices. These become common resources available to all smart applications such as those that deal with safety, infrastructure optimization, the movement of people, goods and data, as well as quality of life and economic

Smart city challenges and opportunities

The investment in ICT represents only 2-3% of the average city’s budget, but will impact the remaining 97% of their operating budget.

Nokia for Smart Cities3

growth. This can also present an open data and analytics platform for public-private collaborations, including innovators that create new public services and improve the livability and competitiveness of the city.

Critical to this smart digital platform is the connection of everything and everyone by a high-performance, resilient and flexible network. The city may operate the network or lease it as a service. Similarly, it will require cloud capabilities including hybrid clouds and edge and premises-based multi-edge computing, the latter especially for low-latency automated processes. Building on this smart platform, makes possible the automation of many city-related processes for greater efficiencies. Data centers, government offices, public safety radio sites, public amenities, such as libraries, smart city furniture, and city and public safety vehicles, can share foundational network services for a myriad of fixed and mobile applications. These can range from cloud-based automation applications to critical public safety land mobile radio (LMR)/LTE systems, to legacy industrial supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems.

Smart cities meeting the challengeThere is a great deal of hope being placed on our cities. They are engines of innovation, homes to centers of learning and often leaders in dealing with the difficult issues of immigration, environment and health. As the world’s population puts greater pressure on the planet, our cities are spearheading innovations in transportation, power, water and waste. They are facing the greatest demands in terms of privacy, safety and

security, but are rising to the challenge and, with the help of digital technologies, creating smarter, safer and more livable communities.

Improving the commuteMany cities have trialed smart parking applications. While they definitely improve the driver’s experience, they don’t address the bigger problem — how to cut commuting time. Commuters want the optimal way to go from point A to point B, which modes of transport options achieve this and, if their car is the best option, where to park it. This requires the ability to gather data coming from multiple sources (public and private), analyze it and present the best solution — all in real time!

8-10% Reduction in fatalities

20-35% Acceleration in emergency response times

15-20% Reduction in average commutes

8-15% Lower disease burden

10-15% Cut in greenhouse gas emissions

Smart city applications assessed performance*

* Source: McKinsey Global Institute (for three sample cities with varying legacy infrastructure systems and baseline starting points)

Nokia for Smart Cities4

Cities are complex systems containing every conceivable form of human activity. The smart city as a platform is the model that will allow cities to develop these complex systems, while enabling them to interwork to address bigger problems. The Nokia Future X Network architecture for the smart city is to provide an intelligent, dynamic communications and cloud-based platform as its foundation. This smart platform will interconnect all of the individual systems, processes and activities of the city, hyper-connecting everyone to everything.

At the deepest level of the Future X architecture lies dedicated universal broadband connectivity, both wireless and wired, making every kind of communication and information exchange possible. Built with a dynamic mesh fabric around a high-performing optical/IP core, it uses any kind of access to connect with people, sensors, moving vehicles, video monitors and industrial automation, all securely and with the highest reliability.

Cloud technology is essential to the Future X architecture, ensuring the flexibility,

The Future X architecture for smart cities

Nokia for Smart Cities5

scalability and universal availability of both data and intelligence. Placed throughout the network fabric, local and distributed edge clouds ensure the ultra-low latencies required for automation such as self-driving cars and industrial processes. Cloud-native, software-defined networks dynamically allocate capacity when and wherever it’s needed — whether to support events and gatherings, unexpected crowds and traffic congestion, or to respond to emergency and crisis situations.

Built into the Future X architecture are data processing capabilities and analytics, including machine learning and artificial intelligence systems. These ensure that, out of the ocean of data about assets, processes and people, relevant and actionable insights can enable greater efficiencies and new services. Analytics, operational systems and automation provide open, digital value platforms that can be harnessed by anyone to build the next generation of smart city applications.

At Nokia, we believe this Future X architecture will help cities to launch their digital transformation. They will be able to create new levels of intelligence, responsiveness and efficiency. With it, smart cities can support their own applications, as well as private-public collaborations and even, citizen-led innovations that create new services. Gone are siloed point solutions, and in their place, correlations and synergies that holistically harness the power of the smart city operating as a connected collective intelligence.

At the deepest level of the Future X architecture lies dedicated universal broadband connectivity, both wireless and wired, making every kind of communication and information exchange possible.

Nokia for Smart Cities6

Smart mobilityMobility is a big topic across almost all cities. Smart mobility solutions are helping cities around the world to improve the way people, goods and data flow within the city and their neighboring environment. It covers as diverse cases as lessening congestion and managing traffic more efficiently, optimizing commuting time or giving access to ultra-high broadband connectivity for all. At its core, smart mobility requires reliable, scalable and secure networks to link signage, signaling, cameras, vehicles, devices and people. It requires multi-cloud architectures that can process the masses of data in real time and ensure low-latency responses, such as to autonomous vehicles. And, it requires sensor management, video analytics, space-time analytics and automation sub-systems that are built into the Future X architecture.

Safe city Public safety agencies are the safety and security hubs of the smart city. They receive huge volumes of data from surveillance networks, first responders and emergency services, and citizen alerts, as well as from the many different systems used to monitor transport, air and water. Advanced Command Centers (ACCs) align multimedia emergency calls, video, IoT, analytics and automation, ensuring that a complete set of data giving full situational awareness is communicated to all response teams. The Future X architecture not only provides advanced broadband connectivity, even in case of crisis, it includes a multi-cloud architecture and advanced analytics and automation capabilities that can be leveraged by multiple services, as well as the city’s ACC.

Extended city servicesMunicipalities are directly responsible to deliver many services for their citizens, including healthcare, e-government, education and street furniture to name a few. In all these domains a lot can be done to improve the services delivered to the citizens, while at the same time making significant savings. The Future X architecture provides the wired and wireless connectivity to move the large medical imaging files or receive the little piece of information sent every minute by an air quality sensor. It has the cloud and analytics architecture to ensure that data can be shared and analyzed to augment the decisions of surgeons and family doctors or to alert timely city maintenance teams or citizens when needed.

Use cases for the smart city:

Nokia for Smart Cities7

In the early 2000s, the city of Chattanooga’s biggest problem was its declining economy inherited from its strong industrial background. To turn around its fortunes, the city decided to make it attractive to the new economy and became the world’s first “10 Gig City” when its Electric Power Board (EPB) asked Nokia to built its 10-gigabit FTTH network to manage its smart energy grid. The EPB then used the network to extend ultra-broadband services to the entire community. The network spurred economic growth, attracting businesses needing to upload and download large files such as 3D printing, film production, gaming, medical image diagnostics, software development and big data.

The network has now also become a catalyst for innovation. GigTank, in its 5th year, has become an annual city technology event for start-ups developing high-bandwidth business applications. It has generated 2,800 new jobs and over $850 million in economic and social benefits. It recently demonstrated the first 4K video over a metropolitan network for local live event streaming and interactive digital signage around the city. The 10 Gig City is using its network as a starting point for its own digital transformation

Chattanooga, TN USA uses ultra-broadband to stimulate its economy and spur innovation

Customer case story:

Nokia for Smart Cities8

The government of Dubai has the goal to make the city of Dubai the happiest place in the world. A happy city being also a safe city, in 2015, to support this ambitious project, Dubai’s government security network operator, Nedaa, decided to upgrade its TETRA network by launching a 5G-ready, mission-critical broadband network to deliver next-generation security and smart city services.

Nedaa’s goal is to complete the deployment of its LTE network to be ready for Dubai Expo 2020. Already the police and civil defense are trialing the new broadband network, but the goal is to expand services to more government agencies and power new use cases such as smart meters, autonomous vehicles and machines or virtual reality remote control. “Nedaa’s role is to integrate and connect all smart city pillars under one private and unified mission-critical communication network.”

Dubai overhauls safety communications to help reach goal of being the world’s happiest city

Customer case story:

Nokia for Smart Cities9

As a leader in communications and analytics, we believe that the Future X network architecture is the best way for cities to shift the way they innovate and thus build more attractive, sustainable and safer cities.

Recognizing that the situation and development objectives of each city are unique, and no single technology provider can address them in their entirety, we are partnering with cities to build a bespoke digital transformation plan that rely on high-performance connectivity and intelligence platforms that will power the digital innovative services brought by a variety of city partners and the wider city ecosystem.

Our professional and integration services are playing a key role to bring it all together, fostering collaboration and driving a meaningful digital transformation that delivers significant outcomes for the city and its citizens. Bell Labs Consulting will also help you with planning for the future and understanding the journey and business case associated with the different deployment options, using a structured methodology for establishing quantifiable outcomes for your city.

networks.nokia.com/industries/smart-city

Partnering for smarter, safer and more sustainable cities

Nokia for Smart Cities10

Nokia OyjKaraportti 3 02610 EspooFinland

networks.nokia.com/industries/smart-city

Document code: SR1810029291EN (October) CID: 205706

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