1.International Burch university Course : Building Construction Technology IArchitecture departmentDate : xx / xx / xxxxSarajevo Building Construction Technology IProfessor : Prof.dr.Nerman RustempasicAssistant : M.Sc. Ahmed El Sayed

2. For the different construction activities like Brick work above 5 ft Surface finishing works like plastering, painting, walling etc. Renovation, repair and alteration works. Roof and slab pouringSome temporary nature supports and structures are required like Formwork (Supporting Structure) Scaf foldings (arrangement for working plate forms) Shoring(supporting method for unsafe structure) Underpinning (Method of strengthening an existingstructures footing) 3. DefinitionsIts is an artificial support provided below and around the precast or cast insitueconcrete work 4. Definition Qualities of formwork Types of formwork Formwork detail for different structural members Removal of formwork Maintenance of formwork Cost of formwork Advantages of steel form work 5. Its is an artificial support provided below and around theprecast or cast insitue concrete work. Formwork is commonly made of Steel wood Formwork construction & casting is of prime importance inconcrete industry. It share a significant amount of concretecost. 6. It should be water tight It should be strong It can be reusable Its contact surface should be uniform It should be according to the size of member. 7. Formwork are mainly of two types Steel formwork Wooden formwork Steel formwork is made of steel sheets Angle Iron Tee Iron Wooden formwork consists of Props Planks battens Ledgers sheeting 8. In concrete construction formwork is commonlyprovided for the following structural members. Foundations Wall Column Slabs & beams Stairs 9. Wall foundations It consists of Plywood Sheeting Struts 10. ColumnFoundations It consists of Side Supports Side Planks CleatsCleatsSide Support Side Planks 11. Vertical Posts It consists of Timber sheeting Vertical postsStruts Horizontal members Rackers Stakes Wedges Af ter completingone side offormworkreinforcement isprovided at theplace then thesecond sideformwork isprovided. 12. It consists of thefollowing Side & End Planks Yoke Nut & Bolts Two end & two sideplanks are joined bythe yokes and bolts. 13. It consists of Sole plates Wedges Props Head tree Planks Batten Ledgers Beam formwork restson head tree Slab form work restson battens and joists If prop height are morethan 8 providehorizontal braces. 14. It consists ofRiser Planks Vertical & inclinedposts Inclined members Wooden Planks orsheeting Stringer Riser Planks 15. Time of formwork removal depends on thefollowing factors2. Type of Cement Rapid hardening cements require lesser time as compared to OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement)3. Ratio of concrete mix Rich ratio concrete gain strength earlier as compared to weak ratio concrete.4. Weather condition1. Hydration process accelerates in hot weather conditions as compared to cold and humid weather conditions. 16. Sr.OPC RapidNo(Ordinary Portland Hardening Structural Member Cement)Cement1 Beam sides, walls & Columns2-3 Days 2 Days2 Slab (Vertical Supports remains intact) 4 Days3 Days3 Slab (Complete Formwork removal)10 Days 5 Days4 Beams (Removal of Sheeting, Props 8 Days5 Daysremains intact)5 Beams & Arches (Complete14 Days 5-8 Daysformwork removal) (up to 6 m span)6 Beams & Arches (Complete21 Days8-10 Daysformwork removal) (more than 6 m span) 17. Due to continuous use wooden planks & steel platessurfaces become uneven and require maintenance. For wooden formwork use cardboard or plastic fiberboard. Bolt hole places must also be repaired. For steel formwork plates must be leveled by malletand loose corners must be welded. 18. For normal works cost of formwork is about30%-40% of the concrete cost. For special works cost of formwork is about50%-60% of the concrete cost. Formwork cost is controlled by the followingfactors Formwork Material cost Formwork erecting cost Formwork removal cost Formwork jointing cost (Nails and Cables) Labor charges. 19. It can be used for a no. of times. It is non absorbent. Smooth finish surface obtained. No shrinkage of formwork occurs. Easy to use. Its volume is less Its strength is more. 20. DefinitionsIts a temporary structure to provide a platform at different levels of a building forworkers and Materials. 21. Following are the types of scaffolds1. Single Scaffolds2. Double Scaffolds3. Ladder Scaffolds4. Cantilever Scaffolds5. Suspended Scaffolds6. Steel or Tubular Scaffolds 22. Scaffold It is the temporary support system provided for theconstruction & maintenance purposes. It consists of supports and a working platform forworkers and Materials. Scaffolding Method of construction of scaffolds is calledscaffolding. 23. It consists of Standards (v posts)(10 cm) Putlogs (7.5 x 7.5) Ledgers (1.2 m Wooden boards BracesUsed for ordinarybuildings 24. It consists of Two rows of standards. 15 cm, 1.5 m Shores are provided. Used for superiorworks 25. It consists of BracketsforPlate form. 26. It consists of Cantilever Struts Standards Putlogs Plate forms It is used aboveground level 27. It consists of Ropes Working platformsRopes can be raisedManually ormechanicallyUsed for lightconstruction andfinishing works ofmultistory buildings. 28. It consists of Steel tubes (1-1/2 2-1/2 diameter) Coupler or Clamps (to hold pipes in differentpositions) Prop nuts (to hold single pipes) Bolts, Nuts & washers Wedge & Clip 29. Double Coupler It joins ledgers and standards. Swivel Coupler Composed of two single couplers and used to join two scaffolds at anyangle. Putlog Coupler Used to join putlogs with transom. Base Plate Used at the base of the standards. Split joint Pin Its a connection fitting used to join scaffold tubes. Reveal Pin It fit in to the end of a tube to form an adjustable strut. Putlog end A flat plate used at the end of a scaffold to convert it in to a putlog. 30. http://www.advancescaffold.com/international-st 31. DefinitionsIt is the method of providing temporary support (shores) to an unsafe structure. 32. Definition Itis the method of providing temporary support(shores) to an unsafe structure. Types of Shoring Horizontal shoring or flying shoring Vertical shoring or dead shoring Inclined Shoring or flying shoring 33. It consists of Horizontalbeam or strut Wall plates Cleats Strainingbeams Used tosupport twoadjacentbuildings. 34. It consists of Deadshores Sole plates Needles Props Used forrebuilding ofwalls. 35. It consists of Rackers Needles Cleats Braces Sole plate Used tostrengthen awall.