Buddhism and Jainism

Buddhism

Buddhism

Buddhism

• Birth – 563 BC. , Lumbini (Kapilavastu)

• Death – 483 BC. Kushinagar

• Childhood Name – Siddhartha

• Father – Suddhodana

• Mother – Mahamaya

• Foster Mother – Pajapati Gotami

• Wife – Yashodhara

• Son – Rahul

Buddhism

• Old age

• Disease

• Death

• Sage

Four Sights

Buddhism

Leaving of Home and Sambodhi

• He performed Mahabhinishkramana and left

his home at the age of 29 for searching about

the truth.

• First Teacher – Alara Kalama

• Second Teacher – Rudraka Ramputta

• He was meditating under a Vata Vriksha - वट

वृक्ष (Peepal Tree) on the bank of river

Niranjana.

• Sambodhi- He took Bodhatwa on 49th day

from starting meditation in Gaya.

Buddhism

Buddhism

Buddhism

First Sermon• He performed first Sermon (Dhammacakkappavattana) in Sarnath near

Varanasi.

• He gave maximum sermon at Shravasti

• In Sarnath he established Sangha and the first Leady Pupil was Pajapati

Gotami.

Buddhism

4 Nobel Truths• Sorrow

• Cause of Sorrow

• Prevention of Sorrow

• The Path of Prevention of Sorrow

The Eight Fold Path

Buddhism

Buddha Sects

• First time Buddhism divided in to two sects in 383 BC.

1. Sthavira- The Traditionalist

2. Mahasanghika- The Changers

• In 1st Century AD Buddhism divided again in

1. Hinayana

2. Mahayana

Buddhism

Hinayana

• This sect believes in original teaching of Buddha.

• Don’t believe in Idol Worship.

Mahayana

• This sect believes in heavenliness of Buddha

• Believes in Idol Worship.

Buddhism

Buddhist LiteratureThe Tri-Pitaka

• Language- Pali

1. Vinaya Pitaka

• Subject- Monastic rules for Monks.

• Written by- Upali

• Book of Discipline.

2. Sutta Pitaka

• Subject- Collection of sermons of Buddha

• Written by- Anand

• The Basket of Suttas.

Buddhism

3. Abhidhamma Pitaka

• Subject- Philosophy appearing in Suttas.

• Written by- Moggaliputta Tisya

• Doctrine of Buddhism.

Jataka Literature

• Jataka contain stories of previous birth of historical Buddha.

• These are in form of poems

• There are 547 Jataka .

Buddhism

Four Buddhist Councils

First Council

• Time period- 483 BC

• Place- Rajgriha (Bihar)

• King(Dynasty)- Ajatashatru (Haryanka)

• Chairman- Mahakayapa

• Out come- Vinay Pitaka and Sutta Pitaka were written.

Buddhism

Second Council

• Time period- 383 BC

• Place- Vaishali (Bihar)

• King(Dynasty)- Kalashoka (Shishunaga)

• Chairman- Sabbakamini

• Out come- First time Buddhism divided in two sects

i.e. Sithavira and Mahasanghika.

Buddhism

Third Council

• Time period- 250/251 BC

• Place- Pataliputra (Bihar)

• King(Dynasty)- Ashoka (Maurya)

• Chairman- Moggaliputta Tisya

• Out come- Abhidhamma Pitaka was written.

Buddhism

Fourth Council• Time period- First Cen. AD

• Place- Pataliputra (Kashmir)

• King(Dynasty)- Kanishka (Kushan)

• Chairman- Vasumitra

• Out come- Buddhism finally divided in tow sects i.e. Hinyana and Mahayana.

Buddhism

Five Great Symbols1. Birth- Lotus, Elephant and Bull

2. Great Departure- Horse

3. Enlightenment- Bodhi Tree

4. First Sermon- Wheel

5. Death- Stupa, and Foot Print

Buddhism

Jainism

Jainism

Jainism• There are 24 Tirthankara in Jainism.

• 1st Tirthankara was Rishabdev.

• 2nd Tirthankara was Ajit Nath.

• 3rd Tirthankara was Sambhava Nath.

Jainism

Parshva Nath

• He was 23rd Tirthankara.

• His father Ashvasena was the rulerof Kashi.

• Mother was Vama Devi.

Doctrines

• Satya (Do not speak a lie)

• Ahinsa (Do not commit violence)

• Asteya (Do not setal)

• Aparigraha (Do not acquires property)

Jainism

Jainism

Mahavira Swami• Childhood name- Vardhaman

• Birth- 540 BC.

• Father- Siddharth (King of Gyantrika Republic)

• Mother- Trishala (Lichchhavi Princess)

• Wife- Yashoda

• Daughter- Anojya or Priyadarshana

• Son in Law- Jamali

Jainism

• He renounced his family at the age of 30.

• Spent 12 years meditating and attained the Gyan/Kaivalya.

• He accepted 4 doctrines given by Parsva Nath and added 5th in it as

Brahmacharya.

Jainism

Tri- Ratna or Three Jewels

• Right Faith- Samyaka Darshan

• Right Knowledge- Samyaka Gyan

• Right Action- Samyaka Acharan

• Syadawada or Anekantavad was introduced by Mahavira.

• At the age of 72 years he attained nirvana at Pawapuri in year 468 BC.

Jainism

Jain Sects• There were two sects of Jainism.

Digambara

• Those who keep themselves naked.

• Leader- Bhadrabahu

Shvetambra

• Those who put on white dress.

• Leader- Sthulabahu

• Jain literature are known as Aagam

• Language- Prakrit.

Jainism

Jainism

Jain councils

First council

Year- 322BC

Place - Patliputra

Chairman - Sthulabahu

Outcome - started to compile 12 Angas.

Jainism

Second Council

Year- 512 AD

Place – Vallabhi (Gujarat)

Chairman - Devridhimani

Outcome- Jain literature finally compiled.

Jainism