Britain in the XVI and Britain in the XVI and XVII centuryXVII century

The Tudors and the StuartsThe Tudors and the Stuarts

The reign of the TudorsThe reign of the Tudors

The War of the RosesThe War of the Roses The Bubonic plague (the Black The Bubonic plague (the Black

Death)Death) Increasing importance of tradeIncreasing importance of trade Decreasing power of baronsDecreasing power of barons The Anglican church was establishedThe Anglican church was established English naval power increasedEnglish naval power increased

Henry VIIIHenry VIII1509 - 15471509 - 1547

Catherine of Aragonm. 1509 - 1533Divorced

Anne Boleynm. 1533 - 1536

Executed

Jane Seymourm. 1536 - 1537

Died

Anne of Clevesm. 1540 Jan. - July

Divorced

Kathryn Howardm. 1540 - 1542

Executed

Katherine Parrm. 1543 - 1547

Widowed

If a lion knew his strength, it were hard for any man to hold him.- Sir Thomas More of Henry VIII

Mary IMary I(1553-1558)(1553-1558)

Brought back the Brought back the Roman Catholic Roman Catholic church and the church and the heresy legislationheresy legislation

Several unsuccessful Several unsuccessful plots – the rebels plots – the rebels were hung; Elizabeth were hung; Elizabeth imprisoned in the imprisoned in the TowerTower

Executions continue: Executions continue: supporters of supporters of Protestantism burnt Protestantism burnt at the stakeat the stake

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (1558-1603)(1558-1603)

The “Golden Age”The “Golden Age” 1557 - Mary Queen 1557 - Mary Queen

of Scots executedof Scots executed 1558 - The Spanish 1558 - The Spanish

Armada attacks Armada attacks England but is England but is finally defeated by finally defeated by Sir Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake

Tudor buildingsTudor buildings

Cotswold limestone Cotswold limestone houseshouses

Hampton Court PalaceHampton Court Palace

Globe TheatreGlobe Theatre

The The Globe TheatreGlobe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. It was built in 1599 by Shakespeare's playing Shakespeare. It was built in 1599 by Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was destroyed by fire on company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613. A second Globe Theatre was built on the same site by 29 June 1613. A second Globe Theatre was built on the same site by June 1614 and closed in 1642June 1614 and closed in 1642..

The StuartsThe Stuarts

1603 - James I becomes a king1603 - James I becomes a king Scotland and England are united Scotland and England are united

under one crownunder one crown 55thth Nov 1695 – The Gunpowder plot – Nov 1695 – The Gunpowder plot –

Guy Fawkes is burnt alive – Guy Fawkes is burnt alive – Bonfire Bonfire nightnight

Charles ICharles I(1625-1649)(1625-1649)

Raises taxes without the consent of Raises taxes without the consent of the House of Commonsthe House of Commons

Puritan movement becomes stronger – Puritan movement becomes stronger – the “Pilgrim Fathers” leave for the “Pilgrim Fathers” leave for America (1620)America (1620)

1642 - The Civil War breaks out - the 1642 - The Civil War breaks out - the Royalists (the Cavaliers) vs the Royalists (the Cavaliers) vs the Parliamentarians (the Roundheads)Parliamentarians (the Roundheads)

1649 – Charles I is executed1649 – Charles I is executed

Commonwealth of EnglandCommonwealth of England(1649-1660)(1649-1660)

Oliver Cromwell becomes a Lord Oliver Cromwell becomes a Lord ProtectorProtector

Military governmentMilitary government Resistance in Ireland is crushed – the Resistance in Ireland is crushed – the

British Isles are united under a single British Isles are united under a single crowncrown

Puritanism prevails – theatres and Puritanism prevails – theatres and other forms of amusement are other forms of amusement are abolishedabolished

Charles II – the RestorationCharles II – the Restoration(1660-1685)(1660-1685)

The rigid laws of the Protectorate are The rigid laws of the Protectorate are relaxed; greater religious freedom relaxed; greater religious freedom grantedgranted

1665 – The Great Plague in London 1665 – The Great Plague in London and the south of Englandand the south of England

1666 – The Great Fire of London1666 – The Great Fire of London First moves towards a cabinet style of First moves towards a cabinet style of

government – the Tories and the government – the Tories and the WhigsWhigs

St. Paul’s CathedralSt. Paul’s Cathedral

Architect: Christopher WrenArchitect: Christopher Wren

James IIJames II(1685-1688)(1685-1688)

Tries to re-establish Tries to re-establish Catholicism;Catholicism;

Believes in absolute Believes in absolute monarchymonarchy

Tories and Whigs ally Tories and Whigs ally against himagainst him

1688 – the Glorious 1688 – the Glorious RevolutionRevolution

James II exiles in James II exiles in FranceFrance

William and Mary of OrangeWilliam and Mary of Orange(1689-1602)(1689-1602)

The Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights was passed, which was passed, which limited the rights of limited the rights of the monarch and the monarch and prohibited Catholics prohibited Catholics from rulingfrom ruling

The Bank of England The Bank of England was establishedwas established

Queen Anne Queen Anne (1702-1714)(1702-1714)

1707 – 1707 – the Act of Union brought together the Act of Union brought together Scotland and England to form Great Britain. Scotland and England to form Great Britain.

The Union Jack was adopted as the new The Union Jack was adopted as the new national flag, incorporating the crosses of national flag, incorporating the crosses of St.George (England) and St.Andrew (Scotland). St.George (England) and St.Andrew (Scotland).

England England gainedgained new territories new territories:: Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Acadia, St.Kitts, Minorca, and Gibraltar. Acadia, St.Kitts, Minorca, and Gibraltar.

Anne outlived all her 17 children, which Anne outlived all her 17 children, which marked the end of the Stuart dynasty.marked the end of the Stuart dynasty.

Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!