BRICKMASONRY

OVERVIEW :

Introduction

Technical terms

Tools used

Types

Bond

Joints

Advantages

Defects

INTRODUCTION

Masonry Construction of building units bonded together with mortar.

Brick masonry

Construction of brick units bonded together with mortar.

Technical terms used in brick masonry•HeaderBrick which is laid with its length perpendicular to the face of the wall.

•StretcherFull brick which is laid with its length parallel to the face of the wall.

•CourseHorizontal layer of brick.

•Header course Course of brick work fully composed of header

•Stretcher courseCourse of brick work fully composed of stretchers.

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Header

Row lock

Stretcher

Soldier

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Basic Brickwork TerminologyBasic Brickwork Terminology

BedJoint

HeadJoint

Course - horizontal layer of brick

Closer Portion of brick cut in such a manner that one long face remains uncut.

King closer Brick is cut in such a way that the width of its end is half of full brick.

Queen closer Brick is half as wide as a full brick.

Half Bat Portion of brick cut half across the width.

Bevelled closer It is similar to king closer with the only difference that the whole length of he brick is bevelled.

Half bat Queen closer

King closer

Full brick

Tools used

•Trowel

•Plumb bob

•Hammer

•Spirit level

•Mason square

•Steel tape

Trowel

Mason Square

Brick Hammer

Plumb Bob

Steel tape

Types of brick

masonry

•Brick work in mud.

•Brick work in cement.

Brick work in mud

•The mud is used to fill up the

joints

•Thickness of the mortar joint is

12 mm.

•cheapest.

•Maximum height of wall is 4 m.

Brick work in cement I class

• Cement or lime mortar is used.•The surfaces and edges of bricks are sharp.•The thickness of mortar joints doesn’t exceed 10 mm.

II class•Ground moulded bricks are used .•Bricks are rough and shape is slightly irregular.•The thickness of mortar joint is 12 mm.

III class•Bricks are not hard , rough surface with distorted shape.•Used for temporary structures.•Used in places where rainfall is not heavy.

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Mortar FunctionsMortar Functions

Provides for full bearingProvides for full bearing Seals between masonry unitsSeals between masonry units bonds masonry unitsbonds masonry units

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Brick Masonry - Brick Masonry - UniquenessUniqueness

Fire ResistanceFire Resistance

SizeSize

DurabilityDurability

BONDSEnglish bond

•In general practice this type of bond is used.•It consists of alternate courses of headers and stretchers .•Considered as strongest bond in brick work•For breaking vertical joints queen closer is placed after first header

Header course

Stretchers course

Queen closer

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF ENGLISH BOND

Flemish bond •Each course consists alternate headers and stretchers.•Not as strong as English bond.•Alternate course starts with a header at the corner. •For breaking of vertical joints , closers are inserted in alternate courses next to the quoin header.

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF FLEMISH BOND

Header

Stretcher

JointJoint Weathered JointWeathered Joint:: Mortar joint has sloped (downwards) edge. Mortar joint has sloped (downwards) edge.

Concave jointConcave joint:: Joint concave inwards. Joint concave inwards.

Vee jointVee joint:: mortar joint is in the form of a V. mortar joint is in the form of a V.

Flush JointFlush Joint:: Mortar joint is flush with the brick surfaces. Mortar joint is flush with the brick surfaces.

Raked JointRaked Joint:: A large portion of the mortar joint is raked out - A large portion of the mortar joint is raked out -

Not a safe, impermeable joint.Not a safe, impermeable joint.

Struck JointStruck Joint:: Mortar joint has a sloped (upwards) edge. Mortar joint has a sloped (upwards) edge.

JOINTS IN BRICK MASONRYJOINTS IN BRICK MASONRY

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Masonry JointsMasonry Joints

Concave

Flush

Racked

Struck

Weathered

Vee

Advantages of brick masonryThe brick masonry is cheaper as compared to stone masonry.Bonding strength is very good.In brick work , the mortar joints are thin and hence the structure becomes more durable.No complicated lifting devices are necessary in brick work.Brick work can be done by the less skilled labours also.In Brick work good quality of bricks posses good fire resistance.Due to regular size of bricks they are easy to handle.

Defects in brick masonry

Sulphate attackSulphate salts present in bricks work react with alumina content of cement .It occur in boundary walls

Crystallization of salts from bricksOccur in masonry made out of brick which contain excessive soluble saltsThis phenomenon is also known as efflorescence.

Corrosion of embedded iron or steelIron or steel embedded in brick work gets corroded in the presence of dampness On corrosion the metal expands in volume and tends to crack the brick work.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION by Rangwala. BUILDING CONSTRUCTION by Sushil Kumar.Civil Engineering - Building materials and Construction by Dr. B. Bhattacharjee( IIT Delhi ) WIKIPEDIA THE FREE ENCYCLOPEDIA