brain-implantable computing platforms for emerging neuroscience

13
Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience Applications Ken Mai Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University

Upload: marina761

Post on 08-Jul-2015

226 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms

for Emerging Neuroscience Applications

Ken Mai

Electrical and Computer Engineering

Carnegie Mellon University

Page 2: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

>50M Americans suffer from brain/CNS disorders

Annual cost of >$400B

Brain and CNS Disorder Impact

Source: Society for Neuroscience

Page 3: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Current Bio-Implantable Devices

Page 4: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Wired communications and power delivery

Prone to breakage, source of infection

External computation resources

Minimal computation at implant = lots of communication

Custom hardware implementation

High NRE costs, long design/verification time

Behind leading edge IC design technology

Sub-optimal power/performance/efficiency/cost

Requires periodic replacement / servicing

Significant user impact (e.g., annual major surgery)

Current Bio-Implantable Devices

Page 5: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Brain-Implantable Computing Platform

Wireless power delivery (mW range)

Wireless communication

Significant computation resources within implant

Cubic millimeter form-factor

Platform technology

Switching

power

amplifier

LT

CT

CRLR

Secondary coil (planar,

patterned on polyimide)

External

power

source

Primary

side coil

Rectifier and

Power Supply

Management

Analog Recording

(amplifiers, filters,

A/D)

Digital (DSP, μ-

Controller,

Memory)

Analog Stimulation

(D/A, pulse gen.,

filters)O

sc

illato

r & C

loc

k G

en

Wireless

Trans-

ceiver

Auxiliary circuits (accelerometer,

temperature sensor etc.)

Biological

medium

BICP (R or S)

Antenna

High-voltage analog Tech. Digital/Mixed-signal Tech.

Page 6: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Brain-Implantable Computing Platform

Solution technologies

Algorithm / software /

hardware co-design

3D chip integration

Modular architecture

Trans-threshold ckts

Sloppy computation

Inductive power delivery

Page 7: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Distributed therapeutic electrical brain stimulation

Brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation

Emerging Neuroscience Applications

power / interface

flex substrateSingle-unit

recording

electrodesI/O accel

biocompatible

coating

1 mm~ 1 cm

data processing

digital coreRF induction

data/power coilsEcOG

electrodes

(a)

(e)

(b)

(d)

(c)

BICP-R: Sens + Comp +Comms BICP-S: Stim + Comp + Comms Wire-free Comms.

Page 8: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Progress So Far …

Page 9: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Carnegie Mellon

G. Fedder

J. Hoe

X. Li

K. Mai

J. Paramesh

Y. Rabin

The Team

University of Pittsburgh

A. Cheng

T. Cui

A. Schwartz

R. Sclabassi

M. Sun

D. Weber

D. Whiting

Page 10: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Workshop on Biomedicine in Computing:

Systems, Architectures, and Circuits

Austin, TX -- June 21, 2009

Held in conjunction with ISCA

Extended abstracts due April 10, 2009

http://www.engr.pitt.edu/act/bic2009/

ISCA Workshop

Page 11: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience
Page 12: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Support wide range of neuroscience applications

Highly energy efficient operation

Wireless delivery of mWatt-level power

Minimal thermal effect on surrounding tissues

Efficient wireless communication to external

devices and to a distributed system of BICPs

Cubic millimeter form-factor

Biocompatible packaging

Secure, reliable operation over multiple years

Our Goals

Page 13: Brain-Implantable Computing Platforms for Emerging Neuroscience

Architectures for bio-implantation

Architectures for interfacing to biological systems

Custom computing machines for the bioscience

Biologically inspired architectures

Computers constructed from biological building blocks

Workload characterization for biomedical applications

Design for bio-compatibility, reliability, and security

Workshop Topics