Black Hole (BH)Introduction to BHMotivation to study BHFormation of BHCool slidesSize of BHProperties of BHEvidence for BH

Definition of BHMotivation to study BH

Fascinating ideas (spacetime curvature, event horizon, worm hole etc)

Astronomical observations (quasar, pulsar, AGN, GRB etc)

Quantum GravityAstrophysics & High energy particles

Formation of BH

White Dwarf, Pauli Exclusion, electron degeneracyTemperature >100,000 KDensity

Earth size White Dwarf - 1E9 kg/m3

Earth - 5.4E3 kg/m3

Chandrashekar limit 1.4 Solar Mass

Supernova Explosion (>10 Solar Mass)Neutron star, neutron degeneracy and

pulsarBlack Hole and quasar

An Artist's conception of the evolution of our sun through the red giant stage

and onto a white dwarf

Birth of a Neutron Star

Supernova explosion -Cas A as seen by the Chandra X-ray Observatory

                                 

Vela Pulsar Reveals a Compact Nebula Created by a Shooting

Neutron Star

More Red Quasars May Loom in the Universe

Simulation of Black Hole

Black hole in galaxy M87, image from Hubble Space Telescope.

Size of BH - Schwarzschild Radius

G=Gravitational Constant

For the sun,

kmsR 32

)8

103/(30

10211

107.62

2/2 cGMRs

Properties of BH Space time curvature

Compactness and warpage of spacetime Red shift of light

Event Horizon boundary of no return Tidal forces

Singularities 1965 Roger Penrose Static Black Hole, white hole and worm hole

Naked Singularity cosmic censorship law Image frozen in time

Black Hole laws Black Holes have no hair Area of Event Horizon and entropy

Hawking Radiation, loss of information, Conservation law of Baryon number

Evidence for BH

Binary Systems• Normal star and a BH• BH around BH

Active Galactic NucleusWhat are we observing when we are

looking for a BH?