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ew Biotechnology · Volume 25S · September 2009

.2.16

iosurfactant using in soil remediation highly contami-ated with heavy metals

. Gusiatin ∗ , E. Klimiuk, T. Pokój, D. Kulikowska

University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland

he new promising remedial strategy for treating soils contami-ated with heavy metals is washing process with biosurfactants,ainly of microbial origin and plant as well. The interest of using

uch agents in soil remediation follows from their distinct advan-ages, compared with synthetic surfactants, like lower toxicity,igher biodegradability, better biocompatibility or the ability toe synthesized from renewable sources. The diversity in chem-cal forms gives possibility for biosurfactants to be selected forifferent metals. However, the experiments on soil remediation,specially multi-metal contaminated soils, with biosurfactants aretill limited.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the performancef Saponin, a plant-derived biosurfactant, a glycoside from quillajaark, for removal of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) as a single or mixedetals from two artificially contaminated soils of low organic con-

ent (loam sand and medium loam). Total metal concentrations inested soils (on average 1300 mg Cu/kg 558 mg Ni/kg) were in rangeypical for areas located in the vicinity of Cu—Ni smelters. Oper-tional parameters (concentration, pH, kinetics) were determinedn batch conditions.

The efficiency of metals removal was found to be dependent onaponin concentration. The optimum concentration seems to bepproximately 2%, which was 20-fold higher than critical micelleoncentration (CMC) of biosurfactant estimated in soil/water sys-em. This suggests that micelles were directly responsible for

obilization and removal of metals. Cu and Ni were preferentiallyemoved form soils by Saponin, depending on their occurrencen soils as single or binary ions. Regardless of soil type, copperas released more sufficiently as single metal (49.2—53.0%) rather

han in mixture with Ni (33.0—36.6%). However, an oppositeendency was observed for nickel (14.0—23.4% or 24.1—50.8%,espectively). Nickel was removed more sufficiently from mediumoam in comparison with loam sand. Metals removal from soilsncreased with pH decreasing of biosurfactant solution. Comparedith distilled water, the maximum Saponin efficiency was attainedetween pH 3 and 4. For single copper, it increased to 62.2%,hereas in mixture to 50.4%. Under optimum pH, the efficiencyf single nickel removal was comparable as in mixture with Cufrom 45.1% to 63.8%). Metals desorption proceeded according to

pseudo-second order reaction. In most cases, equilibrium rateonstants (k) were clearly higher for Ni (2.7—3.9 g/mg min) thanu (0.3—1.1 g/mg min). The results suggest that Saponin can be

uccessfully recommended for remediation of soils highly contam-nated with heavy metals.

oi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.649

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ABSTRACTS

.2.17

iostimulation of ascorbic acid biosynthesis

. Choupakhina1,∗ , G. Choupakhina2, V.V. Biryukov3

Kaliningrad State Technical University, Kaliningrad, Russian FederationImmanuel Kant State University of Russia, Kaliningrad, Russian FederationMoscow State University of Environmental Engineering, Moscow, Russianederation

t is proved, that the negative influence of oxygen on beer qual-ty starts at the stage of malt grinding and doughing. Therefore,ntioxidants, for example, ascorbic acid (AA) may be used in ordero minimize this negative effect.

We offered the method of springing barley (Hordeum vulgare.) seeds, belonging to Roland cultivar sprouting during 6 days athe presence of “Diaphtan” in different concentration and withinifferent exposure time.

«Diaphtan»—–the product of glycerin biotransformation byonproliferating cells Gluconobacter oxydans, it is received in accor-ance with licensed technology of Moscow State University ofnvironmental engineering. The product consists of dihydroxi-cetone (96%) with monokaliumphosphate additions in a formf crystal preparation or syrup with dihydroxiacetone content noess than 50%, phosphate content, 2% and glycerol, 5%. Ascorbiccid content of its derivatives (dehydroascorbic acid (DAA) andiketogulonic acid (DKGA)) was photometrically detected.

It was determined, that biotechnological product “Diaphtan”cts as a stimulator of AA synthesis at the concentration from.25% to 0.75%, and DAA and DKGA synthesis at the concentra-ion from 0.25% to 1%. In 24 h of exposition, AA level increasedn 19.6 times, DAA in 41.7 times, and DKGA in 10 times in com-arison to controls.

It means that “Diaphtan” can be used in order to raise AAndogenous level in barley sprouts, used for malt preparationnstead of AA exogenous insertion.

oi:10.1016/j.nbt.2009.06.650

.2.18

roperties and biodegradability of cast films based ongroindustrial residues, pectin and polivinilic alcoholPVA)

. Arevalo ∗ , E. Aleman, G. Rojas, L. Morales, L.J. Galan

Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico

n the last years the increases of the population, high diversityf the industrial production and consuming process around theorld, have given many environmental problems like the gener-tion and accumulation of wastes. The biodegradable polymersave been recognized as one kind of solution for some environ-ental pollution problems. Agroindustrial activities are one of

he most important activities in many countries and the wastesroduced by these have been investigated for different applica-ions, one of these is presented in this research: the utilizationf residues of the juice industry for the elaboration of cast films.

www.elsevier.com/locate/nbt S287