biomass gasifier

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Industrial Products Finder, Annual 2011 Biomass Gasifier Opportunities in Renewable Energy A Biomass Gasifier converts solid fuel such as wood waste, saw dust briquettes and agro-residues converted into briquettes into a gaseous fuel through a thermo-chemical process and the resultant gas can be used for heat and power generation applications. The overall thermal efficiency of this process is more than 75%. The combustible gas mixture, known as `producer gas’, typi- cally contains carbon monoxide (20- 22%), hydrogen (12-15%), nitrogen (50- 54%), carbon dioxide (9-11%) and methane (2-3%). The producer gas has relatively low calorific value, ranging from 1000 to 1100 k Cal.Nm 3 (5500 MJ/ Nm 3 ). Types of Gasifiers 1. Biomass Gasifier (down-draft): in which one can use woody biomass or briquettes of loose biomass. Gas gener- ated by this gasifier is clean and suit- able for power generation as well as for thermal applications where clean gas is required. 2. Biomass Gasifier (Up-Draft): In which one can use coal, charcoal, bri- quettes of loose biomass. Gas generated by this gasifier is not very clean and suit- able only for thermal applications. Up- draft gasifiers are multi-fuel gasifiers. 3. Biomass Gasifier (Fluidised bed): In which one can use rice husk, wheat straw or other loose biomass as it is. Chanderpur Works (CPW) is per- haps the only company in the world who is supplying all types of gasifiers. The company provides complete solutions, once the prospective customer informs their application and raw material. It identifies the suitable gasifier for the cus- tomer then undertakes design, supply, erection and commissioning of the gas- ifiers (complete turnkey solution). Biomass fuels that can be used in- clude fuel wood, wood chips, agriculture stalk, coconut shells, briquettes of sev- eral residues, mustard stalk, cashew-nut shells, lantana, wheat/rice husk, coal, charcoal, etc. Potential Applications The gasifier can be used in any ap- plication where LPG, diesel or any other petro-fuel is used. This includes petro-fuel replacement in industrial kilns, stainless steel re-roll- ing industries, lime kilns, hot air genera- tors, galvanizing industries, hot water generator, glass melting and annealing, aluminium die-cast, copper/brass sheet industry, resorts/hotels/farm houses, food processing, bakeries, charcoal produc- tion, etc. Power Applications Gasifiers from 20 kW to 1.5 MW can be used for power requirements for vil- lage, colonies, farmhouses, hotels and captive generation for industries, etc. To produce power with gasifiers, there are two routes available:

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  • Industrial Products Finder, Annual 2011

    Biomass GasifierOpportunities in Renewable Energy

    A Biomass Gasifier converts solidfuel such as wood waste, saw dustbriquettes and agro-residues convertedinto briquettes into a gaseous fuelthrough a thermo-chemical process andthe resultant gas can be used for heat andpower generation applications. Theoverall thermal efficiency of this processis more than 75%. The combustible gasmixture, known as ` producer gas, typi-cally contains carbon monoxide (20-22%), hydrogen (12-15%), nitrogen (50-54%), carbon dioxide (9-11%) andmethane (2-3%). The producer gas hasrelatively low calorific value, rangingfrom 1000 to 1100 k Cal.Nm3 (5500 MJ/Nm3).Types of Gasifiers

    1. Biomass Gasifier (down-draft): inwhich one can use woody biomass orbriquettes of loose biomass. Gas gener-ated by this gasifier is clean and suit-able for power generation as well as forthermal applications where clean gas isrequired.

    2. Biomass Gasifier (Up-Draft): Inwhich one can use coal, charcoal, bri-quettes of loose biomass. Gas generatedby this gasifier is not very clean and suit-able only for thermal applications. Up-draft gasifiers are multi-fuel gasifiers.

    3. Biomass Gasifier (Fluidised bed):In which one can use rice husk, wheat

    straw or other loose biomass asit is.

    Chanderpur Works (CPW) is per-haps the only company in the world who

    is supplying all types of gasifiers. Thecompany provides complete solutions,once the prospective customer informstheir application and raw material. Itidentifies the suitable gasifier for the cus-tomer then undertakes design, supply,erection and commissioning of the gas-ifiers (complete turnkey solution).

    Biomass fuels that can be used in-clude fuel wood, wood chips, agriculturestalk, coconut shells, briquettes of sev-eral residues, mustard stalk, cashew-nutshells, lantana, wheat/rice husk, coal,charcoal, etc.

    Potential ApplicationsThe gasifier can be used in any ap-

    plication where LPG, diesel or any otherpetro-fuel is used.

    This includes petro-fuel replacementin industrial kilns, stainless steel re-roll-ing industries, lime kilns, hot air genera-tors, galvanizing industries, hot watergenerator, glass melting and annealing,aluminium die-cast, copper/brass sheetindustry, resorts/hotels/farm houses, foodprocessing, bakeries, charcoal produc-tion, etc.

    Power ApplicationsGasifiers from 20 kW to 1.5 MW can

    be used for power requirements for vil-lage, colonies, farmhouses, hotels andcaptive generation for industries, etc. Toproduce power with gasifiers, there aretwo routes available:

  • Industrial Products Finder, Annual 2011

    1. Dual fuel application: In this sys-tem diesel generation sets are used. Pro-ducer gas is fed to the DG set, whichreplaces up to 60%-70% of the dieselconsumption. After modification, theDG set will use up to 60%-70% gas and30%-40% diesel.

    2. 100% producer gas application:In this system, spark ignition engines areused and the engine runs on 100% gas.These are similar engines used in CNGapplications.

    The company also has the expertisefor converting existing diesel enginesinto gas engines.

    Advantages of BiomassGasification Lowest cost per kW of energy

    generated among all renewableenergy sources

    Extremely clean emission Reduces wood consumption up to

    50% for institutional and industrialapplications, where wood is stillbeing used for thermal applications

    Environmentally sound technology Easy to operate and maintain, and Replaces fossil fuels, and Being a renewable energy product

    eligible for carbon credits underCDM mechanism.

    Salient FeaturesThe company is an approved manu-

    facturer of gasifiers by the Ministry ofNew & Renewable Energy (MNRE),Government of India. These are alsotested and approved by the Indian Insti-tutes of Technology, New Delhi andMumbai. It now offers CE marked gas-ifiers. Features include: Gasifier designed with low specifi-

    cation rate, which facilitatessmooth fuel flow and avoidsbridging

    Multi-fuel capability Air pre-heating for gasification

    maintains high temperatures result-ing in better quality of gas forpower applications

    Insulated firebox, which maintainshigh temperatures resulting in bet-ter quality of gas and longer ser-vice life

    Specially designed for rural areas,reliable and rugged system, doesnot consume diesel or any otherfossil fuel operation (for 100% pro-ducer gas application

    Uses spark ignition engines (for100% producer gas application),and

    Efficient cleaning and cooling train.The company manufactures Down

    Draft gasifiers for thermal applicationsunder technical collaboration of TERI.It has a full fledged laboratory, and acomputerised chromatograph for check-ing gas comparison and other param-eters. Besides gasifiers, the companyalso manufactures other range of prod-ucts: cement plants up to 1000 TPD, fer-tilizer plants (SSP Plants), TSP plants,NPK Plants), mineral processing plants,sugar, chemical and paper machinery,LPG bullets, material handling equip-ment (EOT cranes, conveyors, elevatorsetc.), pressure vessels, heat exchangers,bricks making machines, lime kilns.

    (Chanderpur Works Pvt Ltd, YamunaNagar, Haryana. Tel: 01732-297460/61/62, 203460. Fax: 91-1732-297463.Email: [email protected])