Respiratory SystemThe organ system responsible for the

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.

Controls BreathingExchanges Gasses

Circulatory SystemThe organ system responsible for moving blood, oxygen and nutrients throughout

the body/

Keeps the Cells AliveHeart, Blood, Blood Vessels and Veins

Lungs

Principal parts of the respiratory system. In the lungs, oxygen from the air that is

inhaled (breathed in) is transferred into the blood, while carbon dioxide is removed

from the blood and exhaled (breathed out.)

In the front part of the chest cavity.Where gas exchange happens.

Trachea A rigid tube that connects the mouth with the bronchi.

WindpipeLocated in the Throat

DiaphragmMuscle at the bottom of the chest cavity

that contracts and relaxes, making us breathe.

Separates the chest cavity from the abdomen.Primary muscle of respiration.

Increases and decreases the pressure in the chest cavity to make you breathe.

BronchiolesMany small tubes that branch from each bronchus into the lungs. They get smaller

and smaller.

Connects to the Bronchia at one end and the Alveoli at the other end.

Alveoli A tiny, thin-walled air sac at the end of the bronchiole branches (plural - alveoli).

Where the gas exchange happens in the lungs.

DiffusionThe movement of atoms or molecules

from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Atoms and small molecules can move across a cell membrane by diffusion.

Cellular RespirationA series of chemical reactions that turns food (glucose) into usable energy for the

cell.

Glucose plus oxygen equals carbon dioxide, water and ATP (Energy)

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP.

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are the cell's power producers. They convert energy into forms that are usable by the cell. Located in the cytoplasm, they are the sites of cellular respiration which makes energy for the

cell's activities.

Organelles that act like a digestive system for the cell. They take in nutrients, break

them down, and create energy. The number of mitochondria in a cell

depends on the cell’s job. For example, a muscle cell that needs a lot of energy will

contain more mitochondria.

Glucose

The most common form of sugar, found in the bodies of living things; a molecule

composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.

Glucose is involved in the production of energy in both plants and animals.

ATP

A high energy molecule that stores the energy we need. Living things can use ATP like a battery. The ATP can power needed

reactions by losing one of its phosphorous groups. You can use food energy in the

mitochondria to convert ADP back to ATP so that the energy is again available to do

needed work.

It is present in all living cells.Adenosine Triphosphate

Aerobic Able to live, grow, or take place only where free oxygen is present

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and glucose and produces energy, water and

carbon dioxide.Takes place in the mitochondria.

Anaerobic Living without oxygen

Anaerobic respiration requires glucose and produces a little energy, carbon

dioxide and lactic acid.