biofuel development and policy in china: aviation fuels
DESCRIPTION
Biofuel Development and Policy in China: Aviation Fuels. Robert Earley Director, Low Carbon Transportation Program The Innovation Center for Energy and Transportation 能源與交通創新中心 September 27, 2011 Hong Kong. Roadmap for Sustainability. Vision and Mission Statement of i CET. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
1
Biofuel Development and Policyin China: Aviation Fuels
Robert Earley
Director, Low Carbon Transportation Program
The Innovation Center for Energy and Transportation
能源與交通創新中心 September 27, 2011
Hong Kong
Roadmap for Sustainability
2
Vision and Mission Statement of iCET
2
The Innovation Center for Energy and Transportation (iCET) is an independent non-profit, professional organization registered in Beijing, China (2006) and Pasadena, California (2008) as a 501(c)(3).
Our Vision - a healthy, clean world where people and economies can prosper.
Our Mission - to bridge China with the rest of the world and provide decision makers at all levels with urgently needed innovative solutions to solve the energy and climate crises.
Main office: located at the heart of Beijing CBD
3
iCET’s Projects
Low Carbon TransportationChina Low Carbon Fuel Standards and PolicyAutomotive Fuel Economy Standards and PolicyGreen Car Online Evaluation SystemNew Energy Vehicle Sustainability
Carbon Management ProgramEnergy and Climate RegistryPromoting California AB 32 GHGManagement experience in China
Clean Energy ProjectLED StandardsUS-China Sub-national Collaboration
China: Vehicle SalesSkyrocketting
4
China’s vehicle sales grew 40% in 2010 to reach 18 million units, and oil imports reached 55.3%.
Auto sales may reach 30 million by 2015.
GHG emission changes range from a 23% reduction to a 28% increase over the use of ICE vehicles
SOURCE: Robert Earley,iCET., ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA , 2011, UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS, Background Paper No.9, CSD19/2011/BP9
Is Electricity the Solution for Vehicles?
Life-cycle CO2 Emissions Comparison – Leaf vs. Tiida
55
Bioelectricity
Other Energy Crops
Three “do nots” for non-food biofuels
Do not compete with people for food
Do not compete for land for human food sources
Do not damage ecosystems
Result:
The three “do nots” have no specific standards to judge or approve projects
Since 2007, no new commercial-scale liquid biofuel projects have been approved
×✔
Existing Policy for Sustainable Biofuels:
Energy Forest Sustainable Silviculture Guide (Released February, 2011)State Forestry Administration
Energy Forest Defined: A forest planted to produce feedstock for solid, liquid or gasbioenergy, including oil-bearing fruit trees, wood energy and starch sources.
Energy Forest Sustainability Defined: Maintain current and future biodiversity, productivity, ecology and economic and social benefits, while producing biomassenergy sources
Planning of Energy Forests should consider in detail: • seedling production• site selection and soil preparation• tree planting• operation management• energy potential• ecological protection• regional socio-economic development Jatropha curcas
Existing Policy for Sustainable Biofuels:
What is marginal non-agricultural land?
8 main marginal land regions in China
Source: Ministry of Agriculture, China, 2008
China has 26.8 million ha of marginal land available for liquid fuel, and 7.5 million ha of low-productivity crop land, which can be used for bio-liquid fuel.
China has newly established two new research centers andthree standardization committees for non-food biofuels.
National Energy Liquid Biofuel Research and Development Center
National Energy Non-Food Biomass Feedstock Research and Development Center
Who will be responsible for Biofuel Sustainability Standards and Policy?
The National Energy Non-food Biomass Feedstock Energy Industry Standardization Technical Committee
The National Energy Bio-liquid Fuel Conversion Standardization Technical Committee
The National Energy Bio-liquid Fuel Mixing and Distribution Standardization Committee
Social, Environmental, Economic Considerations
1. Low Lifecycle GHG Emissions2. Protection of and benefit to rural communities, rural land rights, and
local food security3. Waste management and use of waste as biofuel feedstock (including
use of waste cooking oil and agricultural crop wastes, etc.)4. Low lifecycle water consumption5. Reduction of air pollution from biofuel operations6. Ecosystem conservation and protection of biodiversity7. Soil health8. Planning, approval and monitoring of project legality and
sustainability9. Fiscal policy and economic sustainability of biofuel projects
Based on the RSB Standard and China’s Domestic Considerations
EU:
RSB recently recognized as Method of Demonstrating Compliance Germany:
RSB is recognized as Method of Demonstrating Compliance Mexico:
RSB P&Cs are Basis for Regulatory Framework for Bioenergy New Zealand:
RSB P&Cs are “prescribed” as standard Washington State:
Benchmarking Forest Practices Rules for Mutual Recognition California:
Using RSB P&Cs as starting point for Sustainability Standard
NEXT: China (?)
RSB Standards in Public Policy
Recommendations for Sustainable Non-Food Biofuel Development in China
1. Quickly determine priorities for use of biomass, land, and water in China for energy in China.
2. Establish a Low Carbon, Sustainable Fuel standards system for China - Including a carbon intensity and sustainability reporting system
3. Establish biofuel sustainability work groups at the central and local government levels
- Control biofuel development and guarantee the achievement of non-food biofuel targets
4. Emphasize sustainable biofuel business model development and increase policy and fiscal support for these fuels