Chapter 1: Biochemistry and Medicine

1. The following statements are true regarding biochemistry except:a. Biochemistry is the chemistry of lifeb. The aim of biochemistry is to describe and explain, in molecular terms, all chemical

processes of living cellsc. It is essential to the study of toxicologyd. There is no reciprocal relationship between biochemistry and Medicine

Answer: D. There is a reciprocal relationship between biochemistry and Medicine

2. Major causes of disease listed below act by influencing various biochemical mechanisms in the cell or in the body except:a. Nutritional deficienciesb. Viruses and bacteriac. Traumad. None of the above.

Answer: D. All act by influencing various biochemical mechanisms in the cell or in the body.

3. Areas of research and disciplines of the Human Genome Project excepta. Bioethicsb. Mathematicsc. Metabolomicsd. Biophysics

Answer: B. Mathematics is not a part of the disciplines under HGP

Chapter 2: Water and Ph

1. Water is an ideal biologic solvent. Which is true about water?a. Whater has an unequal distribution of electron in its structureb. Water is a slightly skewed tetrahedral moleculec. Bothd. Neither

Answer: C. Both. Water is a dipole which has electrons unequally distributed in its structure and it is also a tetrahedral molecule.

2. The electrostatic interaction between the hydrogen nucleus of one water molecule and the unshared electron pair of another is termed as:

a. Hydrogen bondb. Covalent bondc. Disulfide bondd. None of the above

Answer: A. Hydrogen bond. Covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves sharing of electron pairs between atoms while disulfide bond is a covalent bond derived by coupling of two thiol groups.

3. The following statements are true regarding pH except?a. Low pH values correspond to high concentrations of H+b. High pH values correspond to high concentrations of H+c. Acids are proton donors.d. Bases are proton acceptors.

Answer: B is false because high pH values correspond to low concentrations of H+.

Chapter 3: Amino Acids and Peptides

1. Glycine isa. a sulfur-containing amino acidb. optically inactivec. contains aromatic ringd. has a basic side chain

Answer: B. Glycine is optically inactive because it has an achiral a-carbon. Only Cysteine and Methionine contains sulfur atoms. It does not contain an aromatic ring and no basic side chain.

2. Sulfur containing amino acidsa. Cysteineb. Methioninec. Bothd. Neither

Answer: C. Both has sulfur.

3. Amino acid with amide side chaina. Glutamineb. Serinec. Threonine

d. Tyrosine

Answer: A. Glutamine. Serine, Threonine and Tyrosine have side chains containing hydroxylic groups

Chapter 4: Proteins: Determination of Primary structure

1. It detects covalent modificationsa. Mass Spectrometryb. Edman Reactionc. Genomicsd. None of the above

Answer: A. Mass Spectrometry detects covalent modifications. Edman Reaction enables peptides and proteins to be sequenced. Genomics enables proteins to be identified from small amounts of sequence data.

2. It enables peptides and proteins to be sequenceda. Mass Spectrometryb. Edman Reactionc. Genomicsd. None of the above

Answer: B. Edman Reaction enables peptides and proteins to be sequenced. Genomics enables proteins to be identified from small amounts of sequence data. Mass Spectrometry detects covalent modifications.

3. It enables proteins to be identified from small amounts of sequence data.a. Mass Spectrometryb. Edman Reactionc. Genomicsd. None of the above

Answer: C. Genomics enables proteins to be identified from small amounts of sequence data. Mass Spectrometry detects covalent modifications. Edman Reaction enables peptides and proteins to be sequenced.

Chapter 5: Proteins: Higher Orders of Structure

1. Protein structure which is the sequence of the amino acids in a polypeptide chaina. Primary structureb. Secondary structurec. Tertiary structured. Quarternary structure

Answer: A

Primary structure is the sequence of the amino acids in a polypeptide chain; Secondary structure is the folding of short (3- to 30- residue), contiguous segments of polypeptide into geometrically ordered units; Tertiary structure is the assembly of secondary structural units into larger functional units such as the mature polypeptide and its component domains; and Quaternary structure is the number and types of polypeptide units of oligomeric proteins and their spatial arrangement.

2. Protein structure which is the folding of short (3- to 30- residue), contiguous segments of polypeptide into geometri- cally ordered units

a. Primary structureb. Secondary structurec. Tertiary structured. Quarternary structure

Answer: B

Primary structure is the sequence of the amino acids in a polypeptide chain; Secondary structure is the folding of short (3- to 30- residue), contiguous segments of polypeptide into geometrically ordered units; Tertiary structure is the assembly of secondary structural units into larger functional units such as the mature polypeptide and its component domains; and Quaternary structure is the number and types of polypeptide units of oligomeric proteins and their spatial arrangement.

3. Protein structure which is the number and types of polypeptide units of oligomeric proteins and their spatial arrangement.

a. Primary structureb. Secondary structurec. Tertiary structured. Quarternary structure

Answer: D.

Primary structure is the sequence of the amino acids in a polypeptide chain; Secondary structure is the folding of short (3- to 30- residue), contiguous segments of polypeptide into geometrically

ordered units; Tertiary structure is the assembly of secondary structural units into larger functional units such as the mature polypeptide and its component domains; and Quaternary structure is the number and types of polypeptide units of oligomeric proteins and their spatial arrangement.

Chapter 6: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

1. What stabilizes the T structure of Hemoglobina. Histidineb. 2,3 Biphosphoglyceratec. Oxygend. Carbon dioxide

Answer: B. 2,3 Biphosphoglycerate stabilizes deoxygenated (T state) hemoglobin by forming salt bridges that must be broken prior to conversion to the R state

2. Physiologic changes that accompany prolonged exposure to high altitude:a. Increase in the number of erythrocytesb. Elevated BPGc. Bothd. Neither

Answer: C. Both are physiologic changes that accompany prolonged exposure to high altitude.

3. Condition following massive crush injury, myoglobin released from damaged muscle fibers colors the urine dark red. a. Myoglobinuriab. Anemiac. Thalassemiad. Methemoglobinemia

Answer: A.Anemias are reductions in the number of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood; Thalassemias result from the partial or total absence of one or more α or β chains of hemoglobin. In methemoglobinemia, the heme iron is ferric rather than ferrous

Chapter 7: Enzymes: Mechanism of Action

1. Enzyme reaction type which catalyze oxidations and reductionsa. Oxidoreductases

b. Transferasesc. Isomerasesd. Ligases

Answer: A. Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidations and reductions. Transferases catalyze transfer of moieties such as glycosyl, methyl, or phosphoryl groups. Isomerases catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule. Ligases catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.

2. Enzyme reaction type which catalyze transfer of moieties such as glycosyl, methyl, or phosphoryl groups

a. Oxidoreductasesb. Transferasesc. Isomerasesd. Ligases

Answer: B. Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidations and reductions. Transferases catalyze transfer of moieties such as glycosyl, methyl, or phosphoryl groups. Isomerases catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule. Ligases catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.

3. Enzyme reaction type which catalyze geometric or structural changes within a moleculea. Oxidoreductasesb. Transferasesc. Isomerasesd. Ligases

Answer: C. Oxidoreductases catalyze oxidations and reductions. Transferases catalyze transfer of moieties such as glycosyl, methyl, or phosphoryl groups. Isomerases catalyze geometric or structural changes within a molecule. Ligases catalyze the joining together of two molecules coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.

Chapter 8: Enzymes: Kinetics

1. Inhibition that compete for the binding sitea. Competitiveb. Noncompetitivec. Uncompetitived. Irreversible

Answer: A. Competitive inhibition competes for the binding site. Noncompetitive inhibition bind to either the enzyme or ES complex. Uncompetitive inhibition react to only ES complex.

Irreversible inhibition chemically modifies the enzyme that generally involves making or breaking covalent bonds.

2. Inhibition that can bind to either the enzyme or ES complex a. Competitiveb. Noncompetitivec. Uncompetitived. Irreversible

Answer: B. Competitive inhibition competes for the binding site. Noncompetitive inhibition bind to either the enzyme or ES complex. Uncompetitive inhibition react to only ES complex. Irreversible inhibition chemically modifies the enzyme that generally involves making or breaking covalent bonds.

3. Inhibition that chemically modifies the enzyme that generally involves making or breaking covalent bonds a. Competitiveb. Noncompetitivec. Uncompetitived. Irreversible

Answer: D. Competitive inhibition competes for the binding site. Noncompetitive inhibition bind to either the enzyme or ES complex. Uncompetitive inhibition react to only ES complex. Irreversible inhibition chemically modifies the enzyme that generally involves making or breaking covalent bonds.

Chapter 9: Enzymes: Regulation of Activities

1. K-series allosteric enzymesa. Km is raise without an effect on Vmaxb. Lowers Vmax without affecting Kmc. Bothd. None

Answer: A. K-series allosteric enzymes raise Km without an effect on Vmax. V-series allosteric enzymes lower Vmax without affecting Km

2. V-series allosteric enzymesa. Km is raise without an effect on Vmaxb. Lowers Vmax without affecting Kmc. Bothd. None

Answer: B. K-series allosteric enzymes raise Km without an effect on Vmax. V-series allosteric enzymes lower Vmax without affecting Km

3. Inactive precursor proteins of enzymea. Zymogenb. Allosteric enzymec. Isozymed. Metalloenzymes

Answer: A. Zymogen

Chapter 10: Bioinformatics and Computational biology

1. The process where knowledge of an individual’s genetic profile also will be used to guide the selection of safe and effective drugs or vaccines. a. Pharmacogenomicsb. Bioinformaticsc. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD)d. None of the above

Answer A: Pharmacogenomics is the process where knowledge of an individual’s genetic profile also will be used to guide the selection of safe and effective drugs or vaccines. Bioinformatics exploits the formidable information storage and processing capabilities of the computer to develop tools for the collection, collation, retrieval, and analysis of biologic data on a mass scale. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) employs the same type of molecular-docking algorithms used to identify ligands for unknown proteins.

2. It exploits the formidable information storage and processing capabilities of the computer to develop tools for the collection, collation, retrieval, and analysis of biologic data on a mass scale. a. Pharmacogenomicsb. Bioinformaticsc. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD)d. None of the above

Answer B. Pharmacogenomics is the process where knowledge of an individual’s genetic profile also will be used to guide the selection of safe and effective drugs or vaccines. Bioinformatics exploits the formidable information storage and processing capabilities of the computer to develop tools for the collection, collation, retrieval, and analysis of biologic data on a mass scale. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) employs the same type of molecular-docking algorithms used to identify ligands for unknown proteins.

3. It employs the same type of molecular-docking algorithms used to identify ligands for unknown proteins. a. Pharmacogenomicsb. Bioinformaticsc. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD)d. None of the above

Answer C. Pharmacogenomics is the process where knowledge of an individual’s genetic profile also will be used to guide the selection of safe and effective drugs or vaccines. Bioinformatics exploits the formidable information storage and processing capabilities of the computer to develop tools for the collection, collation, retrieval, and analysis of biologic data on a mass scale. Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) employs the same type of molecular-docking algorithms used to identify ligands for unknown proteins.

Chapter 11: Bioenergetics

1. It is the extent of disorder or randomness of the system and becomes maximum as equilibrium is approached.a. Entropyb. Enthalpyc. Exergonicd. Endergonic

Answer: A

Entropy is the extent of disorder or randomness of the system and becomes maximum as equilibrium is approached. If ΔG is negative, the reaction proceeds spontaneously with loss of free energy; ie, it is exergonic. On the other hand, if ΔG is positive, the reaction proceeds only if free energy can be gained; ie, it is endergonic. Enthalpy is heat.

2. If ΔG is negative, the reaction proceeds spontaneously with loss of free energy; ie, it is ___________ a. Entropyb. Enthalpyc. Exergonicd. Endergonic

Answer: BEntropy is the extent of disorder or random- ness of the system and becomes maximum as equilibrium is approached. If ΔG is negative, the reaction proceeds spontaneously with loss of free energy; ie, it is exergonic. On the other hand, if ΔG is

posi- tive, the reaction proceeds only if free energy can be gained; ie, it is endergonic. Enthalpy is heat.

3. If ΔG is positive, the reaction proceeds only if free energy can be gained; ie, it is _____ a. Entropyb. Enthalpyc. Exergonicd. Endergonic

Answer: BEntropy is the extent of disorder or randomness of the system and becomes maximum as equilibrium is approached. If ΔG is negative, the reaction proceeds spontaneously with loss of free energy; ie, it is exergonic. On the other hand, if ΔG is positive, the reaction proceeds only if free energy can be gained; ie, it is endergonic. Enthalpy is heat.

Chapter 12: Biologic Oxidation

1. Oxidoreductases that play major roles in respirationa. oxidases and dehydrogenasesb. hydroperoxidasesc. oxygenasesd. superoxide dismutase

Answer: A

Oxidoreductases have a variety of functions in metabolism; oxidases and dehydrogenases play major roles in respiration; hydroperoxidases protect the body against damage by free radicals; and oxygenases mediate the hydroxylation of drugs and steroids. Tissues are protected from oxygen toxicity caused by the superoxide free radical by the specific enzyme superoxide dismutase.

2. Oxidoreductases that protect the body against damage by free radicalsa. oxidases and dehydrogenasesb. hydroperoxidasesc. oxygenasesd. superoxide dismutase

Answer: B

Oxidoreductases have a variety of functions in metabolism; oxidases and dehydrogenases play major roles in respiration; hydroperoxidases protect the body against damage by free radicals; and oxygenases mediate the hydroxylation of drugs and steroids. Tissues are protected from

oxygen toxicity caused by the superoxide free radical by the specific enzyme superoxide dismutase.

3. Oxidoreductases that mediate the hydroxylation of drugs and steroidse. oxidases and dehydrogenasesf. hydroperoxidasesg. oxygenasesh. superoxide dismutase

Answer: C

Oxidoreductases have a variety of functions in metabolism; oxidases and dehydrogenases play major roles in respiration; hydroperoxidases protect the body against damage by free radicals; and oxygenases mediate the hydroxylation of drugs and steroids. Tissues are protected from oxygen toxicity caused by the superoxide free radical by the specific enzyme superoxide dismutase.

Chapter 13: The Respiratory Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation

1. Complex Ia. NADH-Q oxidoreductaseb. Succinate-Q reductasec. Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductased. Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer: A

2. Complex IIa. NADH-Q oxidoreductaseb. Succinate-Q reductasec. Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductased. Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer: B

3. Complex IVa. NADH-Q oxidoreductaseb. Succinate-Q reductasec. Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductased. Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer: D

Chapter 14: Carbohydrates of Physiologic Significance

1. Sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler carbohydratesa. Monosaccharidesb. Disaccharidesc. Oligosaccharidesd. Polysaccharides

Answer: A. Monosaccharides are those sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler carbohydrates. Disaccharides are condensation products of two monosaccharide units. Oligosaccharides are condensation products of three to ten monosaccharides. Polysaccharides are condensation products of more than ten monosaccharide units.

2. Condensation products of two monosaccharide units.a. Monosaccharidesb. Disaccharidesc. Oligosaccharidesd. Polysaccharides

Answer: B. Monosaccharides are those sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler carbohydrates. Disaccharides are condensation products of two monosaccharide units. Oligosaccharides are condensation products of three to ten monosaccharides. Polysaccharides are condensation products of more than ten monosaccharide units.

3. Condensation products of three to ten monosaccharidesa. Monosaccharidesb. Disaccharidesc. Oligosaccharidesd. Polysaccharides

Answer: C. Monosaccharides are those sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler carbohydrates. Disaccharides are condensation products of two monosaccharide units. Oligosaccharides are condensation products of three to ten monosaccharides. Polysaccharides are condensation products of more than ten monosaccharide units.

Chapter 15: Lipids of Physiologic Significance

1. __________ are esters of fatty acids with glycerola. Fatb. Waxesc. Phospholipids

d. Glycolipids

Answer: A. Fat are esters of fatty acids with glycerol. Waxes are esters of fatty acids with higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols. Phospholipids are lipids containing, in addition to fatty acids and an alcohol, a phosphoric acid residue. Glycolipids are lipids containing a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrate.

2. __________ are esters of fatty acids with higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols.a. Fatb. Waxesc. Phospholipidsd. Glycolipids

Answer: B. Fat are esters of fatty acids with glycerol. Waxes are esters of fatty acids with higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols. Phospholipids are lipids containing, in addition to fatty acids and an alcohol, a phosphoric acid residue. Glycolipids are lipids containing a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrate.

3. __________ are lipids containing a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrate.a. Fatb. Waxesc. Phospholipidsd. Glycolipids

Answer: D. Fat are esters of fatty acids with glycerol. Waxes are esters of fatty acids with higher molecular weight monohydric alcohols. Phospholipids are lipids containing, in addition to fatty acids and an alcohol, a phosphoric acid residue. Glycolipids are lipids containing a fatty acid, sphingosine, and carbohydrate.

Chapter 16: Overview of Metabolism and Provision of Metabolic Fuels

1. Metabolic pathway involved in the synthesis of larger and more complex compounds from smaller precursors

a. Anabolic pathwayb. Catabolic pathwayc. Amphibolic pathwayd. None of the above

Answer: A. Anabolic pathways, which are those involved in the synthesis of larger and more complex compounds from smaller precursors. Catabolic pathways, which are involved in the

breakdown of larger molecules, commonly involving oxidative reactions Amphibolic pathways, which occur at the “crossroads” of metabolism, acting as links between the anabolic and catabolic pathways

2. Metabolic pathway are involved in the breakdown of larger molecules, commonly involving oxidative reactions.

a. Anabolic pathwayb. Catabolic pathwayc. Amphibolic pathwayd. None of the above

Answer: B. Anabolic pathways, which are those involved in the synthesis of larger and more complex compounds from smaller precursors. Catabolic pathways, which are involved in the breakdown of larger molecules, commonly involving oxidative reactions. Amphibolic pathways, which occur at the “crossroads” of metabolism, acting as links between the anabolic and catabolic pathways

3. Metabolic pathway occur at the “crossroads” of metabolism, acting as links between the anabolic and catabolic pathways

a. Anabolic pathwayb. Catabolic pathwayc. Amphibolic pathwayd. None of the above

Answer: C. Anabolic pathways, which are those involved in the synthesis of larger and more complex compounds from smaller precursors. Catabolic pathways, which are involved in the breakdown of larger molecules, commonly involving oxidative reactions Amphibolic pathways, which occur at the “crossroads” of metabolism, acting as links between the anabolic and catabolic pathways

Chapter 17: The Citric Acid Cycle: The Catabolism of Acetyl-CoA

1. Which enzyme would synthesize Acetyl Coa to Citratea. Citrate synthaseb. Aconitasec. Isocitrate dehydrogenased. Fumarase

Answer: A

2. Which enzyme would synthesize Cis-aconitate to Isocitrate?a. Citrate synthaseb. Aconitase

c. Isocitrate dehydrogenased. Fumarase

Answer: B

3. Which enzyme would synthesize Isocitrate to Oxalosuccinate?a. Citrate synthaseb. Aconitasec. Isocitrate dehydrogenased. Fumarase

Answer: C

Chapter 18: Glycolysis and Oxidation of Pyruvate

1. Which enzyme would synthesize a-D Glucose to a-D Glucose 6-phosphate?a. Hexokinaseb. Phosphohexose isomerasec. Phosphofructokinased. Aldolase

Answer: A

2. Which enzyme would synthesize a-D Glucose 6-phosphate to D-Fructose 6-phosphate?a. Hexokinaseb. Phosphohexose isomerasec. Phosphofructokinased. Aldolase

Answer: B

3. Which enzyme would synthesize D-Fructose 6-phosphate to D-Frustose 1,6 biphosphate?a. Hexokinaseb. Phosphohexose isomerasec. Phosphofructokinased. Aldolase

Answer: C

Chapter 19: Metabolism of Glycogen

1. ________ is known as protein primer a. Glycogeninb. Glycogen storage diseasec. Glycogend. Glycogen Synthase

Answer: A. Glycogenin is known as protein primer. Glycogen storage diseases are a group of inherited disorders characterized by deficient mobilization of glycogen or deposition of abnormal forms of glycogen. Glycogen is the major storage carbohydrate in animals. Glycogen synthase catalyzes the formation of a glycoside bond between C-1 of the glucose of UDPGlc and C-4 of a terminal glucose residue of glycogen.

2. ________ are a group of inherited disorders characterized by deficient mobilization of glycogen or deposition of abnormal forms of glycogen.a. Glycogeninb. Glycogen storage diseasec. Glycogend. Glycogen Synthase

Answer: B. Glycogenin is known as protein primer. Glycogen storage diseases are a group of inherited disorders characterized by deficient mobilization of glycogen or deposition of abnormal forms of glycogen. Glycogen is the major storage carbohydrate in animals. Glycogen synthase catalyzes the formation of a glycoside bond between C-1 of the glucose of UDPGlc and C-4 of a terminal glucose residue of glycogen.

3. ________ is the major storage carbohydrate in animals. a. Glycogeninb. B. Glycogen storage diseasec. Glycogend. Glycogen SynthaseAnswer: C. Glycogenin is known as protein primer. Glycogen storage diseases are a group of inherited disorders characterized by deficient mobilization of glycogen or deposition of abnormal forms of glycogen. Glycogen is the major storage carbohydrate in animals. Glycogen synthase catalyzes the formation of a glycoside bond between C-1 of the glucose of UDPGlc and C-4 of a terminal glucose residue of glycogen.

Chapter 20: Gluconeogenesis and the Control of Blood Glucose

1. The process of synthesizing glucose or glycogen from noncarbohydrate precursors.a. Gluconeogenelsisb. Glucagonc. Glycerold. GlycolysisAnswer: AGluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose or glycogen from noncarbohydrate precursors. Glucagon, hormones that are responsive to a decrease in blood glucose. Glycerol is released from adipose tissue as a result of lipolysis of lipoprotein triacylglycerol in the fed state;

2. Hormones that are responsive to a decrease in blood glucose a. Gluconeogenelsisb. Glucagonc. Glycerold. Glycolysis

Answer: B Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose or glycogen from noncarbohydrate precursors. Glucagon, hormones that are responsive to a decrease in blood glucose. Glycerol is released from adipose tissue as a result of lipolysis of lipoprotein triacylglycerol in the fed state;

3. It is released from adipose tissue as a result of lipolysis of lipoprotein triacylglycerol in the fed statea. Gluconeogenelsisb. Glucagonc. Glycerold. Glycolysis

Answer: CGluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose or glycogen from noncarbohydrate precursors. Glucagon, hormones that are responsive to a decrease in blood glucose. Glycerol is released from adipose tissue as a result of lipolysis of lipoprotein triacylglycerol in the fed state;

Chapter 21: The Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Other Pathways of Hexose Metabolism

1. Major function of Pentose Pathway a. the formation of NADPH for synthesis of fatty acids and steroids, b. the synthesis of ribose for nucleotide and nucleic acid formation.c. Bothd. None

Answer: Both

2. Deficiencies in the enzymes of fructose and galactose metabolism lead to metabolic diseases such as:

a. essential fructosuriab. hereditary fructose intolerancec. galactosemiad. all of the above

Answer: D

3. The following statement is true regarding pentose pathway except

a. present in the cytosolb. can account for the complete oxidation of glucose, c. producing NADPH and CO2 and ATPd. has an oxidative phase, which is irreversible and generates NADPH, and a nonoxidative

phase, which is reversible and provides ribose precursors for nucleotide synthesis.

Answer: C. producing NADPH and CO2 but not ATP

Chapter 22: Oxidation of Fatty acids: Ketogenesis

1. Higher than normal quantities of ketone bodies present in the blood or urine a. Ketonemiab. Reffsum’s dsec. Jamaican vomiting sicknessd. Zellweger’s syndrome

Answer: AHigher than normal quantities of ketone bodies present in the blood or urine constitute ketonemia. Jamaican vomiting sickness is caused by eating the unripe fruit of the akee tree, which contains the toxin hypoglycin. Refsum’s disease is a rare neurologic disorder due to a metabolic defect that results in the accumulation of phytanic acid, which is found in dairy products and ruminant fat and meat. Zellweger’syndrome occurs in individuals with a rare inherited absence of peroxisomes in all tissues.

2. Rare neurologic disorder due to a metabolic defect that results in the accumulation of phytanic acid, which is found in dairy products and ruminant fat and meat.a. Ketonemiab. Reffsum’s dsec. Jamaican vomiting sicknessd. Zellweger’s syndrome

Answer: BHigher than normal quantities of ketone bodies present in the blood or urine constitute ketonemia. Jamaican vomiting sickness is caused by eating the unripe fruit of the akee tree, which contains the toxin hypoglycin. Refsum’s disease is a rare neurologic disorder due to a metabolic defect that results in the accumulation of phytanic acid, which is found in dairy products and ruminant fat and meat. Zellweger’syndrome occurs in individuals with a rare inherited absence of peroxisomes in all tissues.

3. Occurs in individuals with a rare inherited absence of peroxisomes in all tissues. a. Ketonemia

b. Reffsum’s dsec. Jamaican vomiting sicknessd. Zellweger’s syndrome

Answer: DHigher than normal quantities of ketone bodies present in the blood or urine constitute ketonemia. Jamaican vomiting sickness is caused by eating the unripe fruit of the akee tree, which contains the toxin hypoglycin. Refsum’s disease is a rare neurologic disorder due to a metabolic defect that results in the accumulation of phytanic acid, which is found in dairy products and ruminant fat and meat. Zellweger’syndrome occurs in individuals with a rare inherited absence of peroxisomes in all tissues.