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Bench and Pilot Scale Testing of Novel Treatment Media
StormCon Portland, OR
August 7th, 2014
Stephanie Bianco, E.I.T.
[email protected] Nathan Ward, E.I.T.
The Agenda
• Why Treat Stormwater?
• Port of Tacoma Case Study
• Media Selection and Bench Scale Column Test Results
• Pilot Study
Why Treat Stormwater?
• Regulatory Pressures
• Environmental Responsibility
• Economic Benefits
Parameter Benchmark
Turbidity (NTU) 25
pH (SU) 5 - 9
Oil & Grease (mg/L) No visible sheen
Zinc (ug/L) 117
Copper (ug/L) 14
Total Suspended Solids (mg/L) 100
Chemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L) 120
Industrial Stormwater General Permit (ISGP)
Port of Tacoma Case Study
West Hylebos Log Yard • 25 acres
• Log handling, storage, debarking
• Issues with Zinc and Copper
Project Goal • Design a staged media
filtration stormwater treatment system to meet ISGP benchmarks
Filtration Media Selection
Select an “amendment” media for second stage sand filtration basin
Bench Scale Column Tests – Part of the Solution?
Log Yard Stormwater
Bench Scale Column Test Schematic
Peristaltic Pump
(3) Pump Heads
Clear Sch. 40 PVC w/ Machined Lids
30” L x 2.5” ID
5-gal Bucket Influent
Sample Collection
Flexible Tubing
Flow Rate Measurement 100 mL/min
Round I Media Selection
• Activated Peat
• Oyster Shells
• Crushed Concrete
• Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
Round I Results
• Zn below benchmark (117 μg/L)
• Cu above benchmark
(14 μg/L)
• GAC removed the most metals and COD
Influent Peat Oyster Concrete GAC
Shells
Bench Scale Column Test Objective
GAC = Amendment?
Sand to amendment ratio?
Cheaper GAC alternatives?
Round II Media Selection
Sand + GAC vs. Sand + Biochar
• Marginal benefit from increasing GAC content
• Increased Cu removal with increased biochar content
• Not much difference between GAC and biochar
Round II Results
Influent BC5% BC20% GAC1% GAC5% GAC10%
Bench Scale Column Test Objective
Biochar Amended Sand Filtration
More amendment?
Round III Results
• Sand removed the most metals
• Increased metals removal with more biochar
• Increased COD removal with biochar
Influent Sand BC30% BC50%
Pilot Study Objective
50% Sand + 50% Biochar?
What about hydraulic
performance?
Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Stormwater Storage Tank
Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Head Box
Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Distribution System
Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Flow Meters
Pilot Study Schematic and Equipment
Totes
Pilot Study
Step 1: Place Media
24” Media
2” Pea Gravel
4” Drain Rock
12” Freeboard
Pilot Study
Step 2: Collect Stormwater
Pilot Study
Step 3: Test Infiltration Rate
• Application rate = 72 inches/hour (8.4 gallons per minute)
• Factor of safety = 1.5
• Duration = 1 to 2 hours
Pilot Study Results
• 50% Biochar, 50% Gravelly Sand
FAILED!
• 30% Biochar, 70% Gravelly Sand
SUCCESS!
Full Scale Implementation
30% Biochar
70% Sand
Benefits of Bench and Pilot Scale Testing
• Low cost and efficient
• Flexible testing configurations
• Guides important design decisions
Thank You!
Stephanie Bianco
253.835.6462
Nathan Ward
253.835.6415
Check out our NEW stormwater blog at:
KennedyJenks.com/blog