beef carcass evaluation as101. beef packing industry packing plants –tyson, jbs, cms, national...
TRANSCRIPT
Beef Carcass Evaluation
AS101
Beef Packing Industry
• Packing Plants– Tyson, JBS, CMS, National– Daily Slaughter Capacity
• 128,000
• 82% steers & heifers ~ 105,000
• 23,000 cows & bulls
Beef Packing Industry
• USDA Grading– Line Speed ~ 350/hr 1 carcass per 10 seconds
• USDA Grading Procedures– Yield Grade– Quality Grade
Yield Grading
• Hot carcass weight– Posted on carcass
Market Animal Evaluation
• USDA Grading Service– Livestock & Grain Standardization Branch
– Voluntary
– Paid for by the packer
• USDA Inspection – Conducted by FSIS
– Mandatory
– Paid for by tax payers
– Insures food wholesomeness
Market Animal Evaluation
• USDA Grading Service– Livestock & Grain Standardization Branch– Voluntary– Paid for by the packer
• USDA Grades– Yield grade – measures the lean to fat ratio
– Quality – measures the palatability of the meat
Yield Grading
• Back fat – Measured at the 12th rib
• Ribeye area– Measured in2
– Use a grid• 10 dots = 1 in2
Yield Grading
• Kidney, Pelvic, Heart Fat– KPH– 1 lb – size of a soft ball
Quality Grading
1) Maturity– Ossification of vertebra
• Sacral
• Lumbar
• Thoracic
– Color of lean
Quality Grading
2) Marbling– Intramuscular fat content
• Quantity
• Fineness
• Distribution
Degrees of Marbling
• Abundant ~ – Prime
• Modest ~ – Upper 2/3 Choice
• Small ~– Choice
• Slight ~– Select
Determining Class
1) Steer- Rough
2) Heifer
- Smooth
3) Bull
- Crest
4) Cow
- Bone
Wholesale Cuts
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.072) Loin 2.01
- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.324) Chuck 1.105) Brisket .786) Flank .847) Short plate .72
Steaks - Rib eye - Prime rib
Wholesale Cuts
Steaks - T Bone - Strips - Porter House - Tenderloin
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.07
2) Loin 2.01- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.324) Chuck 1.105) Brisket .786) Flank .847) Short plate .72
Wholesale Cuts
Steaks & Roasts - Sirloins - Eye of the Round - Ground Beef
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.072) Loin 2.01
- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.324) Chuck 1.105) Brisket .786) Flank .847) Short plate .72
Wholesale Cuts
Ground Beef - Blade or Arm Steaks
- More Research
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.072) Loin 2.01
- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.32
4) Chuck 1.105) Brisket .786) Flank .847) Short plate .72
Wholesale Cuts
Brisket Fresh CornedShank Stew meat
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.072) Loin 2.01
- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.324) Chuck 1.10
5) Brisket .786) Flank .847) Short plate .72
Wholesale Cuts
Flank Steak Fijita’s
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.072) Loin 2.01
- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.324) Chuck 1.105) Brisket .78
6) Flank .847) Short plate .72
Wholesale Cuts
Short RibsGround Beef
Wholesale cuts $/lbs1) Rib 2.072) Loin 2.01
- Short loin- Sirloin
3) Round 1.324) Chuck 1.105) Brisket .786) Flank .84
7) Short plate .72
Drop Credit / Offal
Hide 45.00
Tallow 5.00
Tongue 3.75
Meat/Bone meal 4.50
Oxtail 4.00
Other edible 13.00
Tripe (Rumen) 3.50
Other 15.25
• Total/head 100.00
Pricing Carcasses
Base 134/cwt
Yield Grade1 + 2.002 + 1.00
--------4 -15.005 -25.00
Quality GradePrime + 5.00Choice+ + 3.00Choice0 + 3.00Choice- -----Select -10.00Standard -25.00
Carcass Wt<550 -1500
550-950 -----
>950 -1500
Steer #1 Wt. 1371
Steer # 1
• Wt - 1371
• HCW- 809 needs 13.5
• DP -59%
• BF - .5 PYG 3.3
• REA - 14.8 diff 1.3” adj. -.4
• KPH – 2.0 % adj. -.3
• YG – 2.7
• Marbling
• QG –
Steer # 1
• Wt - 1371
• HCW- 809 needs 13.5
• DP -59%
• BF - .5 PYG 3.3
• REA - 14.8 diff 1.3” adj. -.4
• KPH – 2.0 % adj. -.3
• YG – 2.7
• Marbling Small20
• QG – Choice -
Steer #2 Wt. 1440
Steer #2 Wt. 1440
Steer # 2
• Wt - 1440
• HCW – 880 needs 14.3
• DP – 61.1%
• BF - .8 PYG 4.0
• REA – 13.8 diff” -.5 adj. +.2
• KPH – 2.5 % adj. -.2
• YG – 4.0
• Marbling Score –
• QG –
Steer # 2
• Wt - 1440
• HCW – 880 needs 14.3
• DP – 61.1%
• BF - .8 PYG 4.0
• REA – 13.8 diff” -.5 adj. +.2
• KPH – 2.5 % adj. -.2
• YG – 4.0
• Marbling Score – Sl Abundant
• QG – Prime -
Steer #3 Wt. 1473
Steer # 3
• Wt - 1473
• HCW – 876 needs 14.3
• DP - 59%
• BF - .3 PYG 2.8
• REA – 11.2 diff –1.1 adj. +.9
• KPH – 3.0% adj. -.1
• YG - 3.6
• Marbling Score –
• QG -
Steer # 3
• Wt - 1473
• HCW – 876 needs 14.3
• DP - 59%
• BF - .3 PYG 2.8
• REA – 11.2 diff –1.1 adj. +.9
• KPH – 3.0% adj. -.1
• YG - 3.6
• Marbling Score – Modest
• QG - Choice Average