basics about git & github

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Md. Raiful Hasan

DIVINE IT LIMITED

www.divineit.net12/11/2012

Basics About Git & GitHub

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Overview

• What is Git?

• Why Git?

• Version Control

• What is GitHub?

• Why GitHub?

• Who is GitHub for

• Terminology

• GitHub Feature

– Collaboration

– Git Powered Wikis

– Integrated Issue Tracking

– Code Review

• Setup Git with GitHub.

• Price

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What is Git?

• Git is a distributed revision control and source code management (SCM)

system with an emphasis on speed.

• Git was initially designed and developed by Linus Torvalds for Linux kernel

development.

• Has a full set of basic SCM tools and many advanced features

• Is available on all major OSes with many tools for visualization

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Version Control

• Visual Source Safe

• CVS ( Concurrent Version System )

• SVN ( SubVersion )

• Bazaar

• Mercurial ( hg )

• Git

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Version Control

Local Version Control

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Centralized Version Control


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Centralized Version Control (cont…)

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Distributed Version Control

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Full mirror Full mirror


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Why Git?

• Git has several advantages over Subversion

– − Distributed nature: Flexibility

– − Access controls: Security

– − Branching: Ease of Use

– − Performance: Speed

– − Small space: Resources

• Git also has Subversion read/write access for those comfortable with svn.

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What is GitHub?

• Web-based hosting service for projects using Git.

• Github was founded by chris wanstrath and tom preston-werner and PJ Hyett.

• Has several features including

– − Social networking

– − Pastebin

– − Wiki

– − Webpage

– − Issue tracker

– − Integration with other project services (e.g. Lighthouse, Campfire,

Basecamp)

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Why GitHub?

• Easy setup of central Git server allows sharing among developers.

• One stop shopping for code projects.

• Easy management of users and projects.

• Can help facilitate getting users to actually use version control.

• Will aid in collaboration between UITS staff and developers on campus

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Terminology

• git = The shell command to work with Git.

• repo = Repository, where the code for a given project is kept.

• commit = Verb, means push the code to the server (in Git, commit =

(commit + push).

• diff = The difference between two versions of a file

• SSH = Secure SHell – Network protocol for communication between

machines.

• RSA = Rivest, Shamir, Adleman – public-key cryptography algorithm

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GitHub Feature(Collaboration)

• With teams you can give your developers as much or as little power as they

need, from the ability to create projects on behalf of your organization to read-

only access on existing projects.

• Team permissions: Read-only, read-write, and admin-level access.

• create as many teams with as many members as you need. There are no

limits on teams or their members.

• Shared Administration

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GitHub Feature(Git Powered Wikis)

• Supported formats: Markdown, Textile, RDoc, Org Mode, Creole,

ReStructured Text (ReST), ASCIIDoc, POD and Roff.

• Since every wiki is a git repository.

• Wikis are importable and exportable by default. Just clone wiki locally and

push it up at another time — all content, images, and history stays intact.

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GitHub Feature(Integrated Issue Tracking)

Next Generation Issue Tracking

• Every GitHub repository comes fully loaded with a next generation issue tracker.

• Assignment, labels, and milestones help manage large projects while Gmail-style keyboard shortcuts make Issues perfect for a simple TODO list or an open source project's bug tracker.

• Only teammates and collaborators can create and view issues on private repositories. Anyone may create and view issues on public repositories.

• Pull Request integration and the ability to close or reference issues from commits help bring workflow closer to code.

Assignment, Labels, & Milestones

• GitHub Issues can be assigned to a user to make it easy to know who's working on what, or which issues you need to tackle next.

•

• Labels are another way to organize your issues and are available in a variety of exciting colors.

• Milestones are great at helping everyone work towards a goal. Set a due date, name your milestone, then start grouping issues together.

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GitHub Feature(Integrated Issue Tracking) (cont…)

Search with Impunity

• GitHub Issues are easy to find.

• Issue titles, descriptions, and comments are all indexed with new search engine. If someone wrote it, can find it.

• Want to get more specific? The advanced search is great at narrowing down issues by their state, who they're assigned to, and more.

Close and Reference with Commit Messages

• Issues know all about commits. By using a few simple keywords you can close an issue right from a commit message, or just leave a note on the issue.

• The syntax is basic: if you want to close issue #35, put closes #35 somewhere in your commit message then push to GitHub.

• Supported keywords: close, closes, closed, fixes, fixed .

• Anyone with write access to repository may close an issue or leave a note.

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GitHub Feature(Code Review)

Futuristic Code Review

• GitHub Pull Request = Code + Issue + Code Comments .

• Each Pull Request takes into account not only what would like pulled but also where intend those changes to be applied.

• From there your team can discuss the changes as a whole, individual parts, or even specific lines. Later commits addressing concerns or ideas appear as

part of the discussion.

Commit Comments

• GitHub allows teammates to have a detailed discussion about each and every commit that is pushed to project.

• Should it be included? Was it done correctly? Should something else be added? Talk about each change to code with everyone involved before releasing or incorporating .

• You can click on a checkbox at the top of any commit to toggle showing inline notes next to the code or at the bottom of the whole commit.

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GitHub Feature(Code Review) (cont…)

Analyze Branches

• Many people love Git because of its amazing branching and merging ability.

• This often leads to having many more branches than in most other version control systems, since they're so easy to work with.

• This can cause confusion in knowing what work is in what branch or the status of your various branches.

• GitHub addresses this problem with a unique visualization of branches in Branch Listing page.

• Here list out each of branches with a graphical representation of how ahead or behind each branch is relative to currently selected branch.

• This means anyone can quickly see which branches have been recently worked on and how many unique commits are on them.

• If I want to see exactly what the total change is, I can click on the 'Compare' button next to any branch.

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GitHub Feature(Code Review) (cont…)

Compare View

• With GitHub admin can easily and efficiently compare any two branches in

his project or network.

•

• It shows what work is unique to a branch with respect to another branch - that

is, if admin merge the branches together, what changes would be applied?

• The Compare View between two branches is often used by teams as a

permalink to summarize changes in emails or hooks.

• The GitHub Compare View will show a list of all the commits unique to a

branch, the sum of all the files changed across all of those commits and a

unified diff of all of those changes

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GitHub Feature(Code Hosting)

• GitHub keeps our public and private code available, secure, and backed up.

• Stop hoarding code on our hard drive; it takes less than a minute to push code

up to GitHub and start collaborating with others.

• It doesn’t matter if we prefer to use the command line git client, a tool like hg-

git, or a graphical application like SmartGit— Github is dedicated to helping

collaborate easily and securely.

• Github focused on making source code accessible and transparent.

Anything push to a repository is instantly viewable online.

• share it with people even if they don't use Git.

• The main page of every project is a list of the files in the project and

information about the last time it was committed.

• So anyone can instantly see what is most important about project: the code.

• GitHub renders all kinds of files: Text, Images, Fonts, Markdown, Textile,

LaTeX, POD, RDoc and many more…

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http://hg-git.github.com/



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GitHub Feature(Code Hosting) (cont…)

File History

• Every file in repo has a simple history view. We can see each commit that

changed the file and view the file at any point in time.

Blame / Annotate

• Need to figure out who added that piece of code? Open up the blame view to

see which commits and authors last affected each line.

Edit Online

• Need to make a quick change to a file? Correct a spelling error on our mobile

phone? GitHub offer a simple editor to every file in our repository.

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GitHub Feature(Community)

Activity Streams

• GitHub allows to watch repositories and follow users to generate activity streams.

• activity streams show everything important that’s happening with anyone or anything on GitHub.

Developer Profiles

• Every developer gets their own profile page that is automatically updated with a stream of the important things they are doing on GitHub.

Explore GitHub

• Explore is a section of GitHub site where highlight the most interesting

and popular repositories on GitHub right now.

Meet the Network Graph

• It gives us as a project maintainer an at-a-glance understanding of the activity on our source code across all developers interested in it.

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Setup Git with GitHub.

Download and install the latest version of Git.

Set Up Git

Here is a simple Instruction Set Up Git.

Set Up GitHub• Register and login• Ready to use ....

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http://git-scm.com/downloads

https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git

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Price

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Reference

• https://github.com/opendream/progit

• http://help.github.com/

• http://learn.github.com/p/intro.html

• http://gitref.org/index.html

• Get an account at https://github.iu.edu

• if we want a GUI try SmartGit http://www.syntevo.com/smartgit/index.html

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https://github.com/opendream/progit

https://github.com/opendream/progit

http://help.github.com/

http://learn.github.com/p/intro.html

http://gitref.org/index.html

https://github.iu.edu/

http://www.syntevo.com/smartgit/index.html

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Thank You

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basics about git & github

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