basic aeronautics

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Basic Aeronautics Know the principles of basic aeronautics. 1. Describe the theory of flight. 2. Describe airfoils and flight. 3. Describe the effects of relative wind.

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Basic Aeronautics. Know the principles of basic aeronautics. 1. Describe the theory of flight. 2. Describe airfoils and flight. 3. Describe the effects of relative wind. Overview. 1. Theory of Flight 2. Airfoils and Flight 3. Relative Wind. Theory of Flight. Aerodynamics - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Basic Aeronautics

Basic AeronauticsKnow the principles of basic aeronautics.

1. Describe the theory of flight. 2. Describe airfoils and flight. 3. Describe the effects of relative wind.

Page 2: Basic Aeronautics

Overview1. Theory of Flight2. Airfoils and Flight3. Relative Wind

Page 3: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightAerodynamics

• The science relating to the effects produced by air or other gases.

• The term comes from the Greek words aero meaning air and dynamics meaning power.

• Ancient Greeks described air as having the qualities of moisture and heat. It was observed to shift in response to heating and cooling.

Page 4: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightAerodynamics

• A lifting force is required for heavier-than-air flying. An object can be pushed upward by applying muscle power, an explosion, a hoist, or other means of force. It cannot remain aloft without decreasing the air pressure from above

and increasing lift pressure from below. Increasing the speed of the object can increase the flow of air. The flying object must be shaped to form an airfoil. Air flows faster over the curved surface of an airfoil.

Page 5: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightAerodynamics

• Bernoulli principle “As the air velocity increases, the pressure decreases; and

as the velocity decreases, the pressure increases.”

Page 6: Basic Aeronautics

Airfoils and Flight• Airfoil Design

An airfoil is designed to produce lift. An airfoil has a leading edge, a trailing edge, a chord, and camber.

Page 7: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightAerodynamics

• Aristotle The first useful studies of motion

are attributed to Aristotle. He believed there were two kinds of motion: natural and violent.

He concluded, and later stated as a natural law, that the velocity or speed of an object depends entirely on the force being applied to it and the resistance it meets. This law was later proven to be inaccurate.

Page 8: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightAerodynamics

• Galileo Galilei Observed that an object in

horizontal motion would continue to move at the same speed with no additional force.

This truth was accepted by Sir Isaac Newton and became the first of three laws of motion stated by Newton.

Page 9: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightNewton’s Laws of Motion

• First Law of Motion “A body at rest tends to remain

at rest, and a body in motion tends to stay in motion, unless an outside force acts on the body.” It is sometimes referred to as the Law of Inertia.

Page 10: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightNewton’s Laws of Motion

• Second Law of Motion “The acceleration of an object as

produced by a net force, is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force in the same direction as the net force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.”

Force = Mass x AccelerationF=MxA

Page 11: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of FlightNewton’s Laws of Motion

• Third Law of Motion “Whenever one body exerts a force upon a second

body, the second exerts an equal and opposite force upon the first body.” Simply stated, For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.”

Page 12: Basic Aeronautics

Theory of Flight• The four forces in balance with one another

hold the plane in the air.• The four forces are lift, weight, thrust, and

drag.

Page 13: Basic Aeronautics

Relative Wind• The movement of the aircraft

through the air creates the relative wind.

• The term relative wind means the wind that is moving past the airfoil and the direction of the wind is parallel to the flight path and relative to the attitude of position of the airfoil.

• The pilot controls the direction of the relative wind.

Page 14: Basic Aeronautics

Summary1. Theory of Flight2. Airfoils and Flight3. Relative Wind