baroque art in italy and spain - art history with ivy dally · 2019-12-02 · italian baroque...

21
Baroque Art in Italy and Spain Lecture by Ivy C. Dally South Suburban College South Holland, IL

Upload: others

Post on 09-Jul-2020

10 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Baroque Art in Italy and Spain

Lecture by Ivy C. Dally

South Suburban College

South Holland, IL

Page 2: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Introduction to the Baroque World

• Baroque: irregular pearl

• Described as: ▫ Grand ▫ Turbulent/Full of

movement and energy ▫ Emotional ▫ Modern

• Worldview influenced by:

▫ Absolute power of the popes and monarchs

▫ Science ▫ Interest in “exotic” non-

western subjects.

Caravaggio, The Calling of St. Matthew, ca. 1599-1600. Oil on canvas.

Page 3: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

The Completion of St. Peter’s in Rome: Absolute Power of the Papacy

• Return to the Basilica plan in keeping with the reforms of the counter-reformation.

• A nave and narthex were added to the west end of St. Peter’s.

• Façade builds on Michelangelo’s design for colossal engaged columns supporting a large attic. Carlo Maderno, Nave and Façade of St.

Peter’s, 1607-1612.

Page 4: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known
Page 5: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Bernini, Piazza in front of St. Peter’s Basilica. “The motherly, all-embracing arms of the Church”.

Page 6: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Bernini, Baldacchino at the nave crossing of St. Peter’s, bronze, 1624-1633.

Page 7: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama

• Italian paintings of the Baroque are known for ▫ Tenebrism lighting

effects: “spotlight”

▫ Dramatic subjects

▫ Modern examinations of sexuality, gender, and class

Gentileschi, Judith and Her Maidservant with the Head of Holofernes, ca. 1625

Page 8: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

"Approaching to his bed, she took hold of the hair of his head, and said, Strengthen me, O Lord God of Israel, this day! And she smote twice upon his neck with all her might, and she took away his head from him." (Judith, 13:7-8).

Page 9: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Il Baciccio, The Triumph of the Name of Jesus, 1672-1679. Church of Il Gesu, Rome.

Page 10: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Above: Mantegna’s Oculus in the Ceiling of the Camera Picta.

Page 11: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known
Page 12: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Pietro da Cortona, Glorification of the Reign of Urban VIII, 1633-1639

Page 13: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Bernini, David, 1623.

Page 14: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known
Page 15: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known
Page 16: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known
Page 18: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Spanish Baroque: Tenebrism and Brushwork

• Native Spanish artists were

unappreciated until the rise of Diego Velazquez.

• Velazquez is best known for his portraits, that combine Venetian color with Caravaggio’s tenebrism.

• Was leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. As a member of the nobility himself, Velazquez was made a knight.

• Queen Sophia of Spain is a direct descendant of the painter.

Self-Portrait of Velazquez

Page 19: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

Velazquez, Portrait of Juan Pareja, 1650(left) and Pope Innocent X , 1650, (right).

One observer

wrote that Velázquez had come to Italy "not to learn but to teach, for his Innocent X was the amazement of Rome. Every artist copied it and looked upon it as a

miracle." -- From the Met Museum

Page 21: Baroque Art in Italy and Spain - Art History with Ivy Dally · 2019-12-02 · Italian Baroque Painting and Sculpture: Theatrical Drama •Italian paintings of the Baroque are known

After this lecture you should be able to…

• Identify the formal and iconographic characteristics of 17th century Italian Baroque art.

• Discuss how the counter-reformation led to the creation of the Baroque style.

• Examine how absolutist rhetoric is embodied in examples of 17th century art and architecture.

• Explain how ancient art continues to influence the artists of the Baroque era.