Baroque 1600-1750

• Marrying grand scale and advanced techniques of Renaissance and the emotion, intensity, and drama of Mannerism

• Baroque artist built upon Renaissance ideas• Sensitivity and mastery of light key elements

– Used to achieve emotional impact

• Began in Rome– Catholic faith’s triumph after Counter Reformation – Also to attract new followers

• Theatricality and movement

Italian Baroque

• Emphasis on emotion rather than rationality– Caravaggio 1571-1610– Bernini 1598-1610– Borromini 1599-1667

Caravaggio (1571-1610)

• Individuals painted as “down and dirty” – Secularized religious art

• Saints and miracles painted as ordinary things

• Specialized in religious art – Created images from nature

Caravaggio The Conversion of St.Paul (1601)

CaravaggioThe Calling of St. Matthew (1599-1600)

Caravaggio Supper at Emmaus (1601)

CaravaggioJudith Beheading Holofernes (1598-99)

Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1653)Judith and Maidservant with the Head of

Holofernes (1593)

Bernini (1598-1610)

• Sculptor, architect, painter, playwright, composer, and theater designer.

• Wrote comedies and Operas when he was not carving

Bernini

David(1623-24)

David

BerniniThe Ecstasy

of St. Theresa (1645-52)

Borromini (1599-1667)

• Did for architecture what Caravaggio did to painting.

• Rebellious, emotionally disturbed – died from suicide

• Worked under Bernini as a stonecutter

BorrominiSan Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

(1665-67)

BorrominiSt. Ivo Dome

(1642-60)

Flemish Baroque

• Rubens (1577-1640)

• Van Dyck (1599-1641)

Sir Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)

• His was both a painter and a diplomat

• Worldly success and personal happiness– outgoing, educated, handsome, well traveled,

spoke 6 languages

• Produced over 2,000 paintings

RubensThe Descent

from the Cross1612

Rubens

The Three Graces

1636-38

RubensMarie Arrives at Marseilles

1622-25

Rubens Loyola and

Catholic Reform 1619

Sir Anthony Van Dyck (1599-1641)

• Child prodigy accomplished painter at 16

• Court painter to Charles I

• loved high society

– strutted around with a sword

– dressed ostentatiously

– adopted sunflower as personal symbol

• Staged aristocrats in settings with Classical columns

• changed the head to body ratio to 1-7 instead of 1-6

Van Dyck

Charles I at the Hunt

1635

Dutch Baroque

• Heda

• Ruisdael

• Hals

• Rembrandt

• Vermeer

HedaStill Life with Guilt Goblet 1635

Jacob van RuisdaelWindmill at Wijk-bij-Duurstede

1665

Frans Hals

The Jolly Toper 1627

Hals The Laughing Cavalier 1624

HalsSaint George Guard Company

1627

Rembrandtvan Rijn

Self-Portrait1629-30

Rembrandt

Self-Portrait1660

RembrandtThe Nightwatch 1642

Johannes Vermeer

The Kitchenmaid

1658

English Baroque

• Period of upheaval in England – Charles I beheaded– Oliver Cromwell destroyed church art– Parliament seized power– Religious art not allowed in Protestant states– Mythological subjects never caught on

William Hogarth Marriage a la Mode “Breakfast

Scene” 1745

HogarthMarriage a la Mode “The Lady’s

Death”1743-45

Hogarth The Rake’s Progress The Levee

1732-33

Gainsborough

Mrs. Richard Brinsley Sheridan

1785

GainsboroughMrs. Siddons

1785

Reynolds

Mrs. Siddons as the Tragic

Muse1783

ReynoldsJane,

Countess of Harrington

1777

Sir Christopher Wren St. Paul’s Cathegral, West facade

Spanish Baroque 599-1660

• Velazquez 1599-1660– 18 a master painter– Only painter for Philip IV– Precursor to Impressionism– Simplicity and earthy

Diego Velazquez

Las Meninas

1656

VelazquezPope Innocent X 1650

French Baroque

• La Tour

• Poussin 1594-1665

• Claude 1600-82

La Tour

The Penitent Magdalen 1638-43

Nicolas PoissinBurial of Phocion 1648

Claude Lorrain Landscape with Aeneas at Delos

1672

Le Brun and Hardouin-MansartHall of Mirrors 1680

Le NotreParterre du Midi 1669-85