Bariatric SurgeryGet the Body You Deserve…..

What is Bariatric Surgery?• To treat the person with severe obesity.• The procedures cause weight loss by restricting the amount of

food the stomach can hold.• These are minimally invasive techniques. 

Different Types of Bariatric Surgery

Procedures?

• Gastric Bypass • Sleeve Gastrectomy • Gastric Banding

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Candidate for Bariatric Surgery

• Body Mass Index is 40 or more.• BMI is 35 and one who has serious health

problem like type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure.

Gastric Bypass• It is a surgical procedure in which the stomach is divided into a

small upper pouch and a much larger lower "remnant" pouch.• The small intestine is re-connected to both pouches of the

stomach. • This make changes to the digestive system to help lose weight by

limiting how much one can eat or by reducing the absorption of nutrients, or both.

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Advantages of Gastric Bypass

• Produces significant long-term weight loss (60 to 80 percent excess weight loss)

• Restricts the amount of food that can be consumed• May lead to conditions that increase energy expenditure• Produces favorable changes in gut hormones that reduce

appetite and enhance satiety

Disadvantage of Gastric Bypass• Can lead to long-term vitamin/mineral deficiencies• Longer hospital stay than the gastric band• Requires adherence to dietary recommendations • Life-long vitamin/mineral supplementation• Greater complication rates Gastric Banding

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Sleeve Gastrectomy

• It is a surgical process in which the stomach is reduced to 25% of its original size by removal of the large pouch of the stomach, leaving a banana-shaped “sleeve” that connect the esophagus to the small intestines.

• Permanently reduces the size of the stomach.

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Sleeve Gastrectomy Risk Factor

• Blood clots and infections• Aversion to food and nausea• Vomiting• Esophageal spasm / pain• Infection

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Advantages of Sleeve Gastrectomy

• Short hospital stay• Fewer food intolerances than with gastric banding.• Weight loss generally is faster.• The surgical risk is lower than with gastric bypass procedures.• No need of band or device.

Disadvantages of Sleeve Gastrectomy

• Non-reversible procedure• Long-term vitamin deficiencies• Higher early complication rate than the Gastric

Banding

• Also known as laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB)

• An inflatable band that is placed around the upper portion of the stomach, creating a small stomach pouch above the band, and the rest of the stomach below the band.

Gastric Banding

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Advantages of Gastric Banding

• Fully reversible• No cutting or stapling of Stomach• Short stay in hospital• Reduces & restricts food intake• Band can be adjusted to increase or decrease food intake• Does not affect digestion & absorption• Least invasive weight loss surgery hence less painful

Disadvantages of Gastric Banding

• Slow Process• Requires a foreign device to remain in the body• Possibility of band slippage or band erosion• strict adherence to the postoperative diet• Highest rate of re-operation

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Comparison

Gastric Bypass Gastric Banding Sleeve Gastrectomy

Expected Weight Loss 55 – 70 % 40 % 50 – 60%

Length of stay 2 -3 days 0 – 1 day 3-4 days

Reversibility Easily not reversed Band can be removed easily Non-reversible

Nutrient Absorption

Some minerals not easily absorbed Not affected Not affected

Risk of Complication Moderate Low Low - Moderate

Foreign device No Used No

Risk of Bariatric Surgery• The amount of weight lost through surgery varies• There is no guarantee the surgery will be successful• If diet guidelines are not followed, the weight could return• Some procedures are not reversible• Extreme weight loss can result in cosmetic issues such as

excess hanging skin• Possible complications include ulcers, malnutrition, re-

hospitalization, and even death

What to Expect from Bariatric Surgery?

• Long term weight loss success• Improved longevity• Improvement of coexisting diseases (obesity & diabetes)• Improved physical appearance• Improved overall quality of life

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