DR. D.Y.PATIL COLLEGE OF AYURVED &RESEARCH INSTITUTE

PADMASHREE DR. D.Y.PATIL UNIVERSITY NERUL, NAVI MUMBAI.

Project Prepared ByYUGANDHARA RAMCHANDRA DAMADE(T.Y.B.A.M.S.2012-13)Roll No-09

IndexSerial no.TopicPage no.

1.Introduction1-2

2.Material for bandaging3-4

3.Types of bandages5-14

4.Use of bandaging material according to the condition15-17

5.Equipments useful for bandaging of wound18-19

6.Procedure of bandaging a wound19-20

7.Dimensions of bandage21

8.Effects of use of improper bandage22

9.Adverse effects of not bandaging23

10.Indications24

11.Contra-indications25-26

12.Bandaging27-35

13.Plaster36-44

14.Splints45-53

15.Bibliography54

Introduction:yasmaacCuQyait banQaona va`Naao yaait ca maad-vama\ raoh%yaip ca ina:Sa=\kstsmaad\ banQaao ivaQaIyato sau.ica.1 The procedure which is carried out to cover a wound is called as Bandhana. When a wound is bandaged, the process of Shodhan of wound is carried out i.e. wound remains clean, soft & without any complications, starts to heal properly.Aalaop AaV ]pk`ma: eYa sava-SaaofanaaM saamaanya: p`QaanatmaScatM ca p`itraogaM vaxyaama: ttao banQa: p`QaanaMtona Sauiwva`-Na raopNamaisqa sainQasqaOya- ca sau.saU.183 The procedure in which the wound is applied with alepa (paste of medicinal plants) or else in fractures without applying alepa bandaging the wound (affected part) is called as BANDHA VIDHIDue to application of banQa (bandage), shodhan , ropan of wound, steadiness in bones & compactness of joints is maintained. Bandages & Splints are applied from the point of view of: Keeping the dressings in situ; Immobilizing the part when managing fractures & dislocations; Keeping in position the fractured (displaced & dislocated) bones & Protecting the wound from dust, flies, insects, etc.Now-a-days, due to availability of sticking bandages, importance of various ancient procedures of bandaging techniques are been forgetted to a certain extent. Then also in the injuries caused to the bones, etc. which has deeply sited wound, in these conditions without applying proper bandages the patient is not provided with benefit.Hence, information of various types of bandaging procedures & according to the affected part of the body of a patient having knowledge about procedure is of utmost importance.

Material for bandaging (banQana d`vya):At: ]Qva- va`NabanQanad`vyaaNyaupdoxyaama:, tVqaa: xaaOmakapaosa AaivakdukUlakaOSaoya~aoNa-caInapT\T camaa-ntva-lklaalaabaUSaklalata ivadlarjjautUlaflasantainakalaaOhanaIit toYaaM vyaaiQaM kalaM caavaoxyaaopyaaoga: p`krNatnaScaOYaamaadoSa: sau.saU.1816i. xaaOma - flaxii. kapa-sa - cotton iii. Aaivak - sheep wooliv. dukUla - fabric (cloth)v. kaOSaOya - silkvi. caInapT\T - Chinese silk ( fabric )vii. cama- - leather of animals like deer, etcviii. Antva-lkla - inner bark of trees like bhurjapatra, etc.ix. AlaabaUSakla- skin of bottle gourd x. Lata- creepersxi. ivadla - split bambooxii. rjjau - ropesxiii. tUlafla - cotton fiber of simbaal friutxiv. santainaka - pad of cotton fibersxv. laaOh - Metals of like gold etc. Use of these materials for bandaging should be done according the kala (time), condition of stage of the disease & ?tu (season).Now-a-days for the process of bandaging; Linen, Flannel, Muslin or Cotton is used.

Types of bandages (banQana p`kar):A] Aakaranausaar Baodt~ kaoSadamasvaistkanauvaoillatmau p` taolaImaNDmasqaigaka yamak#aT\vaacaInaivabanQaivatanagaaofNaa: pHcaa=\gaI caoit catud-Sa banQaivaSaoYaa sau.saU.1817Acharya sushruta has described 14 types of banQa -i. e. ]%saMga banQa hence, there are total 15 types of banQa. Kosha bandha (sheath of sleeve bandage) - it is clear from the word kosha that the shape of the bandage is in such way that the distal part of fingers or any peripheral part can be kept in it. It is prepared from leather & it is it is same as that of the cover of the sword. It is kept or worn on fingers & then tied with thread. Site thumb, fingers, toes & wounds of knee joints. Dama bandha (four tailed bandage) use of this type of bandage is done in such parts of body where bandaging is unable to be done.For example: in Axakaisqa in middle of this bandage there is a wide cloth & to the four corners of this cloth long bandage are present. The wide cloth is on the wounded part & the four long bandages are whirled across the body part & then tied to the bandage present in front or tied to the opposite long bandages.Site- vaMxaNa sainQa ga`Ivaa etc. Swastika bandha ( cross or figure of eight bandage) from the name of the bandage is clear that the shape of it is like the svaistk symbol of Hindu religion or the English numerical (8)Site joints, ankle , between two eyebrows , mammary glands , inter mammary region , palms & soles.Acc. to Arunadutta it should also be tied to eyes, forehead, ears, etc.

Anuvellita bandha (spiral bandage ) this bandage is done like a creeper which grows around the all four sides of the branches.This type of bandage is tied around the peripheral body parts according to their diameter & then it is tied around in a such a manner that the new whirl cover half of portion of previous whirl of bandage.It is described that initiation of this type of bandaging should be done from the part having lesser width then gradually reaching upto the part having more width & then tied properly.Site extremities i.e. upper limbs & lower limbs

Pratoli / Mutoli bandha (circular bandage) - it is a loosely woven bandage (like net ) & tied loosely accordingly.During using this bandage the netted part is kept on the affected part & the two long bandage attached to it are tied with each other. In this way the part gets support & the bandage is not pressurized.With this bandage, patient can easily urinate or defecate.Site penis, neck, palatal region. In females wounds of the breast region.

Mandala bandha (Abdominal binders, etc) - The shape of this bandage is circular. This bandage is tied on buttocks, abdominal region, back region & axillary region.During tying the bandage, it is whirled in circular manner only.

Sthagika bandha the shape of this bandage is like sqaigak i.e. half portion is having more width or broad surface & other portion is having narrower surface ( lesser width ). It is used on the terminal parts of fingers , toes & penis.Acharya Sushruta has described its use after the draining of fluid in maU~ vaRiw disorder.It is also an alternative of kaoSa banQa, hence it is also tied on scrotum & stump region.

Yamaka bandha (bandage for two wounds ) - i.e. Twin bandage when two wound are situated at a small distance from each other then one wound is bandaged & without tying the knot other wound is also bandaged. Then, when the second wound is bandaged. Then, when the second wound is bandaged properly knot is tied. In this way, by one bandage only two wounds are bandaged which are situated near , this method is yamaka bandhan.

Khatva bandha (four tailed bandaged) Haran Chandra has described it as catuYpad, as it has a wide cloth in middle with four long strips of bandage one present in each corner.It is same like dama banQa but used in smaller regions (parts of body).Site mandible, temple & cheeks.

China bandha (many tailed bandage for eye ) this bandage is made from the soft cloth imported from china.The shape of this bandage is same like that of #aT\va banQa as this use only on eyes. Hence a round piece or a piece of cloth having the width as much as it can covers eyes is taken & long bandages are attached to it, this bandages are tied behind the head.Site - eyes outer canthus (eye surgeries).

Gophana bandha (T bandage ) the shape of this bandage is same like that of #aT\vaa banQa. The specific difference is that the middle piece of the cloth is having certain depth so that body part can be kept in it.Use of it is in done for chin, nose, lips, shoulder & pubic region bandaging. It is also used for bandaging of scrotum region.According to the site, the center part or piece of clot is taken smaller or bigger in size.

Vitna bandha (cephalic bandage) this bandha is tied on head & the cloth to be used should be having the width that can cover the head from all sides. Due to covering the head from all sides it is called iva%tana banQa as it looks like cape.When the cloth is having four sides then the two ends should be tied on forehead & other two ends should be tied behind the head.When there is triangular bandage, the broad part is kept on the forehead & the two opposite ends are taken behind the head passing through temporal region the third end is placed below the knot then the third point is taken over the knot & tied with safety pin.

Vibandha bandha ( many tailed bandage ) in this type, the center piece of cloth is four sided & at two end of this there in presence of 6 to 8 long strips of bandages. From these 5 strips are present upper, lower & horizontal direction & then the two strips present on other two corners are tied behind the neck.Site back, abdomen & chest.

Panchangi bandha the shape of this bandha is same like that of #aT\vaa banQa. In this the long bandage strips present on all four sides with one extra bandage strip present on one corner. Hence due to presence of five strip bandages it is called as pHcaa=\gaI banQa.Site head, mouth region, joints of chin & also on supra clavicular region.

Utsanga bandha (sling bandage) due to the fracture, the bandage which gives support to the slinging body part is called as ]%saMga banQa.Nowadays for this type of banQa use of triangular bandage is done. Two ends of this of triangular bandage are tied together & placed behind the neck. Then hand is placed in the broad piece of cloth & the third end is whirl around elbow joint & brought in front from behind the hand & then it is tied with safety pin to the main strip of bandage.

B] sqaanaanausaar Baodt~ va`NaayatnaivaSaoYaadbanQaivaSaoYais~ivaQaao Bavait gaaZ: sama: iSaiqala [it sau.saU.1822 On the basis of the site of wound the bandaging method is of three types gaaZ sama iSaiqala.pIDyanna$jaao gaaZ: saaocC\vaasa iSaiqala: smart: naOva gaaZao na iSaiqala: samaao banQa: p`kIit-t: sau.saU.18231. gaaZ banQa ( Tight bandage ) t~ isfkkuixakxaava=\xaNaao$iSar: sau gaaZ: sau.saU.1823The bandage which when pressurized does not cause pain & the body part is properly tied is called as gaaZ banQa.Use of this bandage is done buttocks, abdomen, axillary region, inguinal region, thighs & head.

2. sama banQa (in between loose & tight bandage )t~ Saa#aa vadnakNa- kNzmaoZ/maYkpRYz paSvaao-draor: sau sama: sau.saU.1823The bandage which is neither too tight nor too loose is called as sama banQa.This bandage is applied over extremities, mouth, ears, throat, penis, scrotum, back, flanks, abdomen and chest.It is an ideal bandage.

3. iSaiqala banQa (loose bandage )t~ AxaNaao: sainQaYa ca iSaiqala [it sau.saU.1823The bandage which stretches on inspiration ( breathing ) & which is loose is called as iSaiqala banQa.It is applied over eyes & joints.

Use of bandaging material according to the condition (banQana d`vyaaoM ka Avasqaanausaar p`yaaoga):A] daoYaanausaart~ pOitkM gaaZsqaano samaM baQnaIyaat\ samasqaanao iSaiqalaM iSaiqalasqaanao naOva evaM SaaoiNarduYTM ca SlaOiYmakM iSaiqalasqaanao samaMsamasqaanao gaaZo gaaZsqaanao gaaZtrM evaM vaatduYTM ca sau.saU.1825Normally where gaaZ bandage is applied on the body parts in that part: In paittika wound, sama banQa should be applied. On the place of sama banQa iSaiqala banQa should be applied. And where iSaiqala banQa is applied there no bandaging should be done.

In shleshmika wound, on the place of iSaiqala banQa instead sama banQa should be applied

Instead of sama banQa gaaZ banQa should be applied &

On the place of tight bandage more tight bandage is to be applied.

In vatika wound ,as per the shleshmika wound application of wound should be done. Because due to application of this type of bandage there is palliation of the hot Vata & Kapha produced in this bandha.

In the rakta dushita wounds bandaging should be same as that of paittika wound.

B] kalaanausaart~ pOi