autc project team
DESCRIPTION
A Review of Biotechnology Education & Industry Needs in Australia: Implications for Content & Pedagogy. 1) Australian Universities Teaching Committee (AUTC) -- Review of Biotechnology Skills & University Teaching in Australia 2001-2004 Phase 1 and Phase 2 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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A Review of Biotechnology Education & Industry Needs in Australia: Implications for Content & Pedagogy
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1) Australian Universities Teaching Committee (AUTC) -- Review of Biotechnology Skills & University Teaching in Australia 2001-2004 Phase 1 and Phase 2
2) Carrick Institute for Learning & Teaching in Higher Education -- Biotechnology Cross-Disciplinary Scoping Study 2007-2008
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AUTC Project TeamUNSWPeter GrayWill Rifkin
Flinders UniversityChris FrancoFiona YoungUniversity of QueenslandRoss Barnard Damian Hine
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UNSWWill RifkinWallace Bridge
Flinders UniversityChris FrancoLisa Schmidt University of QueenslandRoss Barnard Damian Hine
Monash UniversityPhil Mackinnon Carrick Project Team
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Context of Project 2001Wills Report (1999) virtuous cycleIndustryUniversities
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Key features of biotechnologyTrans-disciplinaryRapidly evolving and emerging fieldsNanotech, proteomics, genomics, bioinformatics, PTGSA very diverse industry A large number of small companies
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Implications for teachingHow should we deliver our teaching, for what seems to be a moving target?Content?Teaching methods?
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Are we delivering what industry needs?Core content knowledgeGeneric skills
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Our ProjectsAUTC phase 1Coarse grainedasked industry what they wantedasked universities what they were deliveringopen ended questions firstLikert scalesAUTC phase 2 Finer grained focus groups, open ended questionnaire interviews conference, discussion paper feedback, & interactions between university & industry people.disseminated phase 1 findings
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Our Projects
The future: a scoping study toBuild on findings of AUTC projectsFocus on pedagogical issues,Transdisciplinary teachingExamples of excellent practiceInternational experienceEnhance Uni-Industry interactionFunded by Carrick Institute for Learning & Teaching in Higher Education
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AUTC Phase 1MethodsA gap analysisSame questionnaire structure for university and industry1) Open ended questions2) Likert scale questions (last)Check consistency between open ended and Likert scale responses*Alignment of responses from Industry and University
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University Survey
Preliminary questionnaire to all 45 universities in AustraliaAsked for summaries of all programs promoted as biotechnologyFollowed up with full questionnaire
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Australia: Industry context 2001
190 core biotech companies 460 non-core/support companies 5,700 employees+46% fulltime equiv. employees 1999 to 2001Source: E &Y, 2001
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Source: AUTC/DEST review of Biotech teachingActivity of companies in Australia, 2003 43% R&D and technology dev.10% clinical/field trial
Chart1
43.15
10.35
19.8
26.7
Chart3
43.15
10.35
19.8
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Other26.7
Prop of staff
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
Attr looked for
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Attr looked for
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr dve.
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr dve.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Demand generic
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Demand generic
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand scient
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand scient
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Quals new staff
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Quals new staff
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Outsourcing
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Outsourcing
0
0
0
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
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0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
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Australia: Industry context 2006
427 core biotech companies 625 medical device companiesBiotech employment doubled 2005 to 2006Now > 12,100 peopleOperating in diverse fieldsTherapeutics, bioprospecting, livestock genetics, molecular biology, biosensors, diagnostics, plant biotechnology, process technology, vaccinesSource:Hopper & Thorburn Innovation Dynamics, 2007
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Korea640 modern biotechnology companies in 2004Diverse sectorsEmploys approx.12,000 people57% R & DKorean Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy
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Australia: recruiting challengesSource: Ernst & Young biotechnology report 2001*
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OECD: recruiting challengesSource: Ernst & Young biotechnology report 2001*
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Profile of Industry Respondentsin AUTC surveyResponses from > 65 companies (50% response rate)-Respondents: predominantly core.-Employees: 2 280 (median 18, mean 38)-Expected employ. growth (ave.): 58%/yr.-Median age of firm: 10 years
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Result: AUTC surveySingle outlier114 yrs old with2850 employeesAge of companyTotal number of employees
Figure 17: Scatter plot of age versus size of respondents (with single outlier removed)
_1090925649.bin
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Graduates hired in last financial year (ave.)Result: AUTC survey
Chart1
4.45
2.7
0.4333333333
Qualification
Number of staff
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Valid N (listwise)
Prop of staff
0
0
0
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Skills most affected
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr looked for
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr looked for
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Attr dve.
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Attr dve.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand generic
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand generic
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Demand scient
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Demand scient
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Quals new staff
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Quals new staff
0
0
0
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Outsourcing
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
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Outsourcing
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
-
Result:AUTC surveyLarge companies hired a greater proportion of bachelors & masters degree staff Smaller companies hired a greater proportion of PhD graduates
-
What did we ask?
-
Asked of industry1) What 3 attributes / abilities do you look for in graduates when they commence employment with your company?
-
***
Chart5
33
29
25
23
17
17
13
11
8
4
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Valid N (listwise)
Prop of staff
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Skills most affected
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr looked for
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr looked for
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Attr dve.
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Attr dve.
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand generic
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand generic
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Demand scient
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Demand scient
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Quals new staff
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Quals new staff
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Outsourcing
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
............
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............
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............
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............
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............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
Outsourcing
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
-
Asked of industry2) What 3 attributes / abilities do you look to develop in your graduates once employed in your company?
-
***
Chart7
27
27
25
22
18
16
13
8
8
6
1
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Valid N (listwise)
Prop of staff
0
0
0
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Skills most affected
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr looked for
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr looked for
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Attr dve.
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Attr dve.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand generic
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand generic
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Demand scient
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Demand scient
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Quals new staff
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Quals new staff
0
0
0
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Outsourcing
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
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............
............
............
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............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
Outsourcing
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
-
Asked of industry3) What 3 areas of technical knowledge do you see as most important amongst your scientists?
-
Technical Knowledge***
Chart1
35
33
26
18
14
14
9
9
5
5
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Valid N (listwise)
Prop of staff
0
0
0
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Skills most affected
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr looked for
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr looked for
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Attr dve.
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Attr dve.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand generic
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand generic
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Demand scient
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Demand scient
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Quals new staff
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Quals new staff
0
0
0
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Outsourcing
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
............
Outsourcing
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
-
Asked of industry4) List the 3 most important technological developments to directly impact your company in the last 2 years.
-
**
-
Asked of industry5) List the 3 most important technological developments to directly impact your company in the next 2 years.
-
*
-
Asked of industry6) List skills requirements most affected by these technological developments in your company.
-
*
Chart2
31
14
14
10
9
7
6
5
5
5
4
4
3
2
2
1
1
1
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Valid N (listwise)
Prop of staff
0
0
0
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Skills most affected
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr looked for
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr looked for
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Attr dve.
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Attr dve.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand generic
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand generic
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Demand scient
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Demand scient
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Quals new staff
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Quals new staff
0
0
0
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Outsourcing
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
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............
............
............
............
............
............
............
Outsourcing
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
-
*20022004*n.b. scale**
Demand Generic skills
Reg's m'f & use of biotech prods2.70731707323.0243902439
IP in biotech3.19512195123.7073170732
Ethical and Social issues1.97560975612.4390243902
Business Issues in Biotech3.17073170733.6585365854
Written Communication3.82926829274.1219512195
Oral Communication3.85365853664.0487804878
Team Work4.07317073174.487804878
Problem Solving4.26829268294.5609756098
Info retrieval, Collation and Analysis3.78048780494.1707317073
Information Technology3.73170731714.1707317073
Research Methodology3.4878048783.8292682927
Demand Generic skills
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Means
Demand for generic skills
Graduate attributes sought
Scientific/technical skills35
Academic achievment7
Enthusiasm21
Experience7
Critical thinking18
Interpersonal communication24
Felxibility/adaptability4
Creativity2
Independence4
Desire to learn4
Honesty3
Graduate attributes sought
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attribute/ability
Responses
Graduate attributes/abilities sought
Attributes to develop
Business/mgt skills28
Scientific/technical skills22
Enthusiasm8
Critical thinking11
Interpersonal communication27
Creativity2
Independence12
Product knowledge5
Outcomes focussed6
Attributes to develop
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/abilities
Responses
Attributes/abilities to develop in graduates
Technical knowledge
Molecular Biology20
Protein Chemistry17
Immunology9
Cell and tissue culture7
Other chemistry5
Bioinfomatics5
Proteomics3
Microbiology3
Regulatory/QA3
Technical knowledge
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Knowledge area
Responses
Technical knowledge in scientists
Tech. developments
Human genome9
Arrays/microarrays8
PCR7
Automation/robotics7
Internet6
DNA sequencing5
Mass spectrometry5
Proteomics5
Filtration/chromatography5
Bioinfomatics4
Tech. developments
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Tech devt.
Responses
Tech devts. last 2 years
Demand scienttech skills
Genetic manipulation/eng.2.41463414632.8536585366
Gene therapy and delivery1.4878048781.8048780488
Proteomics2.21951219513.0731707317
Protein engineering2.17073170732.756097561
Reproductive technology1.82926829272.0243902439
Bioinfo and funct. genomics2.26829268293.1951219512
Cell and tissue culture2.39024390242.8292682927
Cell therapy1.36585365851.756097561
Drug discovery1.73170731712.2195121951
Drug development2.04878048782.4146341463
Nanotechnology1.41463414631.9268292683
Biomedical2.29268292682.6585365854
Bioprocessing1.92682926832.512195122
Immunology and vaccine prodn2.19512195122.3902439024
Nutraceuticals and food biot1.39024390241.6097560976
Diagnostics2.04878048782.4390243902
Aquaculture1.17073170731.2682926829
Organic Agriculture1.12195121951.1951219512
Plant Biotechnology1.5121951221.6829268293
Animal Biotechnology1.31707317071.4146341463
Environmental Biotech1.53658536591.9512195122
Valid N (listwise)
Demand scienttech skills
2001
2003
Skills
Means
Demand for scient/tech skills
-
n.b. scale20022004***
Chart6
4.01666666674.3166666667
3.96666666674.3166666667
3.73333333333.9166666667
3.71666666673.9666666667
3.61666666673.9833333333
3.43333333333.9166666667
3.36666666673.7166666667
3.33.7
3.23.6166666667
2.61666666672.9833333333
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Tech know
Q1CGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
126.66666666676.66666666676.6666666667
Molecular biology3519.444444444419.444444444426.1111111111
Other chemistry3314.444444444414.444444444440.5555555556
Protein chemistry267.77777777787.777777777848.3333333333
Other187.77777777787.777777777856.1111111111
Immunology1418.333333333318.333333333374.4444444444
Cell and tissue culture145579.4444444444
Bioinformatics92.77777777782.777777777882.2222222222
Microbiology95587.2222222222
Proteomics52.77777777782.777777777890
Regulatory/QA51010100
Total180100100
Tech know
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Area of Technical Knowledge
Responses
Tech. Knowledge Important in Scientists
Tech dev last 2yr
Q1DGRFrequency
D1AGRTotal180
038
ValidChemistry13
Automation/robotics/HTS13
Human & other genome projects12
Arrays/microarrays11
Bioinformatics10
Other10
PCR and amp. techniques8
Mass spectrometry8
Cell culture8
Internet7
DNA sequencing7
Env. biotech/bioremed./microbiol7
Clinical applications/trials7
Molecular Biology7
Filtration/chromatography6
Proteomics5
Monoclonal antibody tech.2
181
Tech dev last 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Developments to Impact in last Two Years
Tech dev next 2yr
Q1EGRFrequency
E1AGRTotal180
049
ValidComp'n/autom'n/complex sys.18
Proteomics17
Bioinformatics12
Genomics/functional genomics12
rDNA/molecular biology12
Drug delivery/drug development12
Arrays/microarrays9
Other8
Stem cell technologies and apps.7
Env'l/biorem'n/food testing/microbiol.7
Filtration4
Antibody eng'g/immun'y/monoclonals4
Mass spectrometry3
Nanotechnology2
Bioassay2
Crystallog./Molec.model'g/structural biol.2
Tech dev next 2yr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Developments
Responses
Tech. Devts in next Two Years
Prop of staff
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
R&D and technical development43.15
Pre-market entry - Clinical field trial stage10.35
On market19.8
Valid N (listwise)
Prop of staff
0
0
0
Proportion of staff in developmental stages
Skills most affected
F1AGRFrequency
Total180
056
Protein chem/chem.31
Molecular biology14
Bioinformatics14
Other10
Computer/IT9
Regulatory/QA7
Ferment'n/eng./process dev.6
Multiskilled/x-discipline flex'ty5
Tissue culture/cell biology5
Drug dev./pharma. devel.5
Monoclonal antibody/immun'y4
Sales/marketing/comm'n4
Nanotechnology3
Environmental Biotech2
Diagnostics/mol/ path2
Developmental biology1
Automation/robotics/HTS1
Mass spectrometry1
Skills most affected
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Skills
Responses
Skills Requirements most Affected by Tech. Devts.
Attr looked for
Q1AGR
FrequencyPercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
Scientific and technical skill3317.894736842117.894736842117.8947368421
Enthusiasm/willingness to learn2914.736842105314.736842105332.6315789474
Prob solving/crit thinking/creativity2510.526315789510.526315789543.1578947368
Interpersonal skills/teamwork2316.842105263216.842105263260
Miscellaneous173.15789473683.157894736863.1578947368
Communication skills173.15789473683.157894736866.3157894737
Experience/track record133.15789473683.157894736869.4736842105
Academic results1111.578947368411.578947368481.0526315789
Independence85.26315789475.263157894786.3157894737
Honesty413.684210526313.6842105263100
100100
Attr looked for
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes
Responses
Attributes looked for in graduates
Attr dve.
Frequency
180PercentValid PercentCumulative Percent
2Scientific and technical skill27555
4Prob solving/crit think/creat'ty27151520
3Interpers'l skills/teamwork25151539.4444444444
4Management/marketing2213.888888888913.888888888953.3333333333
6Communication skills180.55555555560.555555555653.8888888889
7Product/project knowledge164.44444444444.444444444458.3333333333
8Miscellaneous137.22222222227.222222222265.5555555556
10Enthusiasm/willing to learn8101075.5555555556
11Independence812.222222222212.222222222287.7777777778
12Outcomes/deliverables68.88888888898.888888888996.6666666667
13Honesty13.33333333333.3333333333100
TotalQ1BGR100100
Attr dve.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Attributes/Abilities
Responses
Attributes to Develop once Employed
Demand generic
Problem Solving4.01666666674.3166666667
Team Work3.96666666674.3166666667
Oral Communication3.73333333333.9166666667
Written Communication3.71666666673.9666666667
Info retrieval/ Analysis3.61666666673.9833333333
Information Technology3.43333333333.9166666667
Research Methodology3.36666666673.7166666667
IP in Biotech3.33.7
Bus. Issues in Biotech3.23.6166666667
Reg's on manuf. & use2.61666666672.9833333333
Demand generic
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2002
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for generic and technical skills
Demand scient
20012003
MeanMean
Cell and tissue culture2.43333333332.8666666667
Genetic manipulation/engineering2.26666666672.7833333333
Biomedical2.16666666672.55
Bioinformatics and functional genomics2.08333333332.95
Protein engineering2.06666666672.6333333333
Drug development2.03333333332.5666666667
Proteomics2.01666666672.75
Immunology and vaccine production1.952.1833333333
Ethical and Social issues in biotech1.852.25
Bioprocessing1.83333333332.5166666667
Drug discovery1.61666666672.1666666667
Diagnostics1.61666666671.95
Reproductive technology1.51.6833333333
Cell therapy1.18333333331.4833333333
Gene therapy and delivery1.16666666671.5
Nanotechnology1.16666666671.6333333333
Plant Biotechnology1.13333333331.2833333333
Environmental Biotechnology1.11666666671.4166666667
Nutraceuticals and food biotechnology1.11.3833333333
Animal Biotechnology0.93333333331.05
Aquaculture0.83333333330.9
Organic Agriculture0.56666666670.6333333333
Demand scient
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
2001
2003
Skills
Mean Response
Demand for Scientific Skills 2001-2003
Quals new staff
Statistics
N
MeanBachelors degree4.45
MedianDoctoral degree2.7
ModeMasters degree0.4333333333
Quals new staff
0
0
0
Qualification
Number of staff
Qualifications of staff employed in the last year
Outsourcing
Descriptive Statistics
Mean
Regulatory/legal3.0333333333
IP valuation2.9833333333
Marketing/sales2.6333333333
Capital Raising2.5666666667
Engineers2.45
Medical/clinicians2.4333333333
Clinical affairs2.35
Other Scientists2.2666666667
IT/data mgt2.2166666667
Acc'g/Finance2.15
Chemists2.0833333333
Technicians1.6333333333
Life Scientists1.55
Senior Mgt1.4
Valid N (listwise)
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Outsourcing
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Roles
Mean Responses
Likelihood of Outsourcing Roles
-
Conclusions: Knowledge & skills demandGeneric skills among biotech graduates will remain in consistent high demand
Specific areas of scientific focus will evolve over time and will depend on focus of the company and technology trends
Strong & persistent preference for core skills in chemistry & molecular biology
-
Gap analysisaligning university & industry responses
-
Chart6
2.76
2.7
2.5
2.4
2.35
2.26
2
1.9
1.88
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.58
1.5
1.3
1
0.96
0.76
0.53
University emphasis minus Industry demands
list of degrees
InstituteName of ProgrammeDurationResponded
Australian National UniversityBachelor of Biotechnology3yrsY
Charles Sturt UniversityBSc (Biotech Major)3yrsN
Charles Sturt UniversityBachelor of Medical and Applied Biotechnology3yrsY
Charles Sturt UniversityMaster of Applied Science1yrN
Deakin University, GeelongBachelor of Science Hons (Biotechnology)4 years full timeY
Deakin University, GeelongMScN
Flinders UniversityBachelor of Biotechnology (Hons)4 years full timeY
Flinders UniversityMaster of Biotechnology (Research)1.5Y
Flinders UniversityMaster of Biotechnology Studies2 years full timeY
Flinders UniversityBachelor of Laws and Legal Practice/Bachelor of Biotechnology5.5 years full timeY
Flinders UniversityGraduate Certificate in Biotechnology6 monthsY
Flinders UniversityPost Graduate Diploma in Forensic Science (DNA Technology)Equivalent to one year full time over approximately seven months. Includes placement in a forensic DNA laboratoryY
Flinders UniversityBachelor of Science in BioinformaticsThree years full timeY
Griffith UniversityMaster of Biotechnology1yrN
Griffith UniversityBachelor of Biotechnology (B.Biotech)3yrs + 1yr honsY
Griffith University, Gold Coast campusBachelor of Biomedical Science3 years full time (4 years HonsN
James Cook UniversityBSc Biochemistry3yrsY
James Cook UniversityBSc Genetics3yrsY
James Cook UniversityBachelor of Information Technology3yrsY
La Trobe UniversityBSc (Biotechnology and Cell Biology)3-4yrsY - in progress
La Trobe UniversityBSc (Bioinformatics)3-4yrsN
LaTrobe University, BendigoBachelor of Applied Science3 years full timeN
Macquarie UniversityBSc in Biotechnology3yrs (4yr Hons)N
Monash UniversityGraduate Diploma in the Biotechnologies of Life2 years part time.Y
Monash University, Clayton campusDiploma in Biotechnology (Research and Management)Y
Monash University, Gippsland CampusBachelor of Science (Biotechnology)Y
Murdoch UniversityBachelor of Science/Biotechnology3 years full timeY - in progress
Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Bachelor of Applied Science (Biotechnology)3yrsY
Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Bachelor of Biotechnology Innovation3yrsY
Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Bachelor of Applied Science (Honours) - Life Science major1yrN
Queensland University of Technology (QUT)Graduate Diploma in Biotechnology1yrN
RMIT UniversityBAppSci (Applied Biology and Biotechnology)3yrsY - in progress
RMIT UniversityMAppSci (Microbiology and Biotechnology)2yrsY
RMIT UniversityMasters in Biotechnology/Business (by coursework)Y
Swinburne University of TechnologyBachelor of Engineering (Biotechnology)4 years full timeN
Swinburne University of TechnologyBachelor of Applied Science (Biochemistry)4 years full timeN
Swinburne University of TechnologyBachelor of Science (Biotechnology)4 years full timeN
Swinburne University of TechnologyMAppScN
The University of AdelaideBachelor of Biotechnology3 years full time.Y - in progress
The University of MelbourneBsC (co-major in Biotechnology)3 years full timeN
The University of QueenslandGraduate Certificate in BiotechnologyY
The University of QueenslandBachelor of Engineering4 years,N
The University of QueenslandM.Eng.ScN
The University of QueenslandPhD. in Cell and Tissue Engineering, Metabolic Engineering, Bio-pesticidesN
The University of QueenslandBachelor of Biotechnology4 years full timeY
The University of QueenslandD. BiotechY
The University of QueenslandP.G. Dip. Biotech (coursework),Y
The University of QueenslandGraduate Certificate in BiotechnologyY
The University of QueenslandMSc Biotech (research)Y
The University of QueenslandMaster of Technology Management (Biotechnology)Y
The University of South AustraliaBachelor of Medical and Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyY
The University of South AustraliaMaster of Applied Science (Life Science)1.5 years full timeN
University of BallaratBAppSci (Food Science and Technology)3yrsN
University of New EnglandBSc. (Molecular Biotechnology)3yrN
University of New South WalesBachelor of Science in Biotechnology4 years full timeY
University of New South WalesMSc in Biotechnology (by course work)1 year full timeN
University of New South WalesMSc in Biopharmaceuticals (by course work)1 year full timeN
University of New South WalesMAppSci. In Biotechnology2 years full timeY
University of New South WalesMAppSci Biopharmaceuticals by Distance EducationY
University of NewcastleB.Sc. Hons (Biotechnology)4yrY
University of Southern QueenslandBSc (Biology), major in Biotechnology3yrs + HonsY
University of Sunshine CoastBSc (Biomedical Science)3yrsY
University of SydneyBSc (Bioinformatics)3yr (pass), 4yr (hons)N
University of SydneyBSc (Molecular Biology & Genetics)3yr (pass), 4yr (hons)N
University of SydneyBSc (Molecular Biotechnology)3yr (pass), 4yr (hons)N
University of SydneyMApplSc (Molecular Biotechnology)1yrN
University of SydneyBE in Chemical Engineering (Bioprocess Systems)4yrY
University of SydneyBE in Mechanical Engineering (Biomedical)4yrN
University of TasmaniaBachelor of Aquaculture3yrsN
University of Technology, SydneyBachelor of Biotechnology (Hons)4 yrsY
University of Western Sydney HawkesburyBachelor of Applied Science (Biotechnology)3-4 years (honours) full timeN
University of Western Sydney HawkesburyGraduate Diploma in Biotechnology (coursework)1yr full timeN
University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown CampusBachelor of Technology Management (Biotechnology)3-4 years (honours) full timeN
University of WollongongBachelor of Biotechnology4yrY
University Western AustraliaBSc (Informatics)3yrsN
Victoria University of TechnologyBSc. Medical and Environmental Biotechnology3yrsY
Victoria University of TechnologyBSc. Hons Biology (Biotechnology)1yrN
Chart3.1Satisfaction
1011
9
10
5
25
20
10
10
11
19
Chart3.1%involvement
2711.511.5
2411.511.5
2213.513.5
127.57.5
1466
577.57.5
421010
241111
2711.511.5
2411.511.5
&LAUTC Biotechnology Review&R&D
Percent Increased Input Wanted from Non-Academic Sources
Q3.1 ex teaching
InstituteCurriculum designAdvisory CommitteeStudent PlacementGuest LecturerFinancial SupportIn-kind supportAssessmentCase materialField trips & site visitsCareer adviceOther
CurrentPrefer%CurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndexCurrentPreferIndex
QUT BAppSci3310003310004410004410001250504410002366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.333333333333100024-2
Flinders Uni2366.666666666733.33333333335510004410003310001250502366.666666666733.33333333332210003310002366.666666666733.333333333334-1
Wollongong2210003310003310002210001250502366.666666666733.333333333333100022100033100023-1
Charles Sturt55100045802045802045802035604035604025406025406025406025-3
Griffith3310003310004410004410002540602540602366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332450500
UTS2366.666666666733.33333333334410001333.333333333366.66666666673310001425752450501110002366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.333333333323-1
Monash2366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.333333333323-1
Uni SA3560402366.666666666733.33333333334580204580201333.333333333366.66666666671333.333333333366.666666666733100045802044100023-1
Newcastle3475252450505510002366.666666666733.33333333332540602540602366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.333333333334752514-3
Uni NSW34752534752534752544100014257534752524505044100044100034-1
Uni SQ2366.666666666733.33333333332366.666666666733.33333333331250503310001425752450501250502366.666666666733.333333333333100013-2
VUT1333.333333333366.66666666671333.333333333366.66666666671425752366.666666666733.33333333331333.333333333366.66666666671333.333333333366.666666666711100011100024505014-3
Adelaide Uni1333.333333333366.66666666671250501110004580202366.666666666733.3333333333347525347525142575
Uni of Queenslandincomplete
QUT (Biotech Innovation)incomplete
RMITincomplete
Deakinincomplete
ANUincomplete
72.564102564127.435897435976.025641025623.974358974477.692307692322.307692307787.692307692312.307692307743.461538461556.538461538558.205128205141.794871794975.512820512824.487179487272.692307692327.307692307776.2523.75
stdev23.090155275723.090155275722.968763627222.968763627226.827108159426.827108159414.617633655114.617633655115.084047534715.084047534719.501442710919.501442710922.125322924922.125322924923.447522785723.447522785722.941790635822.9417906358
%stdevstdev/2
Curriculum design272311.5
Advisory committee242311.5
Student placement222713.5
Guest lecturer12157.5
Financial support14126
In-kind support57157.5
Assessment422010
Case material242211
Field trips & site visits272311.5
Career advice242311.5
Make preferred involvement = 100%.
What % of preferred involvement is current involvement?
Chris Franco Analysis (minus Adelaide Uni)
Curriculum DesignAdvisory CtteeStudent placementsGuest LecturersFinancial SupportIn Kind supportAssessmentCase materialField trips/site visitsCareer advice
2.652.72.752.751.351.81.92.22.52
3.23.63.93.63.53.72.23.83.53.6
Q responses
7th May 02
Bachelor of:TotalResponded
Applied Science72
Aquaculture10
Biotechnology1010
Biotechnology & Law11
Science (Biotechnology)157these are still coming in, this figure will improve.
Science (Biochemistry)11
Science (BioInformatics)41
Science (Biomedical Science)21
Science (Genetics)11
Science (Information Technology)11
Science (Molecular Biology)10
Engineering41
Technology Management (Biotechnology)10
Master of:
Applied Science52
BioPharmaceuticals21
Biotechnology64
Engineering Science10
Science10
Technology Management (Biotechnology)11
Graduate Certificate or Diploma in:
Biotechnology75
Biotechnologies of Life11
Forensic Science11
PhD or Doctorate in:
Biotechnology11
Cell & Tissue Engineering10
Sum764255% response rate for whole survey.
Matrix Chart
1.70.3850.385
1.60.3150.315
2.60.580.58
2.880.7650.765
30.5850.585
30.650.65
3.20.50.5
3.30.50.5
3.40.450.45
3.40.60.6
3.60.40.4
3.60.60.6
3.50.4450.445
3.560.850.85
3.760.50.5
3.680.3950.395
3.810.50.5
3.750.4280.428
3.90.60.6
40.50.5
3.90.50.5
40.50.5
40.340.34
40.350.35
40.3950.395
4.20.3750.375
4.30.3950.395
4.30.250.25
4.40.250.25
4.80.20.2
Undergraduate Biotechnology Degrees: Relative importance of subjects
Scale 1 - 51 Not taught2 Low importance3 Medium importance4 High importance5 Very high importance
Core science content
Generic skills
Biotechnology generic (eg. IP)
Q2.2 knowledge chart
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
5
5
7
11
&L&D
Figure 7: Key Areas of Knowledge Possessed by Biotechnology Graduates
Number of Degrees graduating students with these areas of knowledge
Q2.2 knowledge
Research Project Management1
Biotechnology science basics1
Regulatory affairs1
IP1
OH&S1
Drug Design2
Antibody technology2
Genetic engineering2
Medical biotech2
Commercialisation process3
Cell biology3
Plant biotech3
Microbiology3
Biotech Production & Processing4
Proteomics & protein chem4
Life sciences basics5
Chemistry & biochemistry5
Legal, ethical & social aspects of biotechnology5
Biotechnology Business, development, management & industry7
Molecular biology (DNA)11
Q2.4 Chart
Q2.4 Chart
48.6309523813.81463570713.8146357071
18.92857142866.39874030976.3987403097
15.67857142864.00059422774.0005942277
5.17857142861.43185499261.4318549926
1.54761904761.57403365331.5740336533
4.1190476193.48889483033.4888948303
Percentage of Assessment in Degree
Figure 9: Type and Percentage of Assessment
Q2.5 Chart
80Anonymous Questionnaires0
13Email0
33Informal Discussion0
7Course evaluation meeting0
0
0
Figure 9: Type and Percentage of Assessment
Evaluation by Students
by staff
Percent Degrees using Evaluation
Figure 10: Evaluation of Degree
Q3.2
Q2.5
2.5 - How is the degree evaluated?
StudentsStaffExternal ReviewGraduate Employers
AdelaideSET'sReview of Management CommitteeNone so far, in 4th year of degreeNone
UQFormal by Education development unit. Also by email to whole class.Submissions to Board of Studies, formal review of programmeIndustry advisory panelIndustry advisory panel, informal feedback
QUTStudent Evaluation of Unit, SET, and Course Evaluation Questionnaire (exit survey)Course Coordination Teams5 yr Faculty Advisory CommitteeFirst graduates are only now entering the workplace - none
WollongongGriffithUNSWVUT
Charles SturtQUT Bbiotech InnovationNewcastleMonash
FlindersUni SAUSQLa Trobe
15 respondees used. Make 12 be a percentage of 15
Anonymous Questionnaires79.999999212Management or Course Coordination Team53.33333288Industry Advisory Panel33.3333335Industry Advisory Panel13.33333322
Email13.33333322Board of Studies6.66666661External Faculty Committee26.66666644Informal discussion33.3333335
Informal Discussion33.3333335Individual members of staff19.99999983External lecturers provide feedback on courses in which they contribute6.66666661None39.99999966
Course evaluation meeting6.666