augmentation of water (hydrology & water resources engineering)
TRANSCRIPT
present
PRAKASH SIRGuided:-
Civil:-B
Augmentation of watertopic:-
Why need for conservation of water ??..
• Variation in Rainfall
• Areas of Water Shortage
• Uncertainty of Precipitation
• Future Needs
• There is very large Variation in Rainfall from season to
season, time to time, place to place.
• In North East is hundred times of Annual rainfall in
Western part of India.
• Average rainfall in Meghalaya is 11000 mm while in
Western Rajasthan 100 mm.
Variation in rainfall
• Every Year will not be same And uniform in all
regions.
• There are in some region ,where every third year there
is very low rainfall.
Variation in rainfall
• 9%
• 40%
Areas of water shortage
Area in % Value of Rainfall
• Less than 500mm
• 500mm to 1000mm
Is called arid region
Is called semiarid region
• The various of monsoon is root-cause for shortage of water.
• There are areas where good crop is expected but because
of scantly of rainfall, the failure of crop can occur quite
frequently. These area are known as drought- prone areas.
• The rainfall may sometime will below normal during two
or more consecutive years.
Uncertainly of precipitation
• There are some areas like Asam And Meghalaya, there
will be hardly any year without flood.
• In our country population increase is estimated more than 1.5% per annum.
• This way there will be ultimately two fold increase in water needs.
• (i) public water supply = 52 cubic km
• (ii)Agriculture use = 770 cubic km
• (iii)Industrial use = 120 cubic km
• (iv)Hydroelectric power = 71 cubic km
• (v)other use = 37 cubic km
• Total demand will be Approx. = 1050 cubic kilometers in years 2025.
Future needs
for augmentation of water
• WATER REUSE
- Untreated wastewater
reused at Home.
- Treated wastewater
delivered from a central
treatment facility
- Suitable for
- Outdoor irrigation
- Some Cooling &
industrial purpose
for augmentation of water
• Leak Detection
- indoor (faucets & toilets )
• Storage (From local lakes)
- Limited due to small
volumes
- Suitable For irrigation
and fire suppression
- Can be treated in
emergencies
• Groundwater (From wells)
- Can supply limited
quantities
Measures for water
conservation
Domestic Conservation
Industrial
Conservation
Agriculture
Conservation