A Garuso Audience~of One Gets Unlimited EncoresLullabies Sung for Little Miss

Gloria Might Retail atS100 a Minute

RockJt-hy* baby0* the tree top,

\yf,^ the wind blouhfhe eradle '.rill rock. etc-

ENWCO CARUSO, basing his

compensation on his current

rato of pay, would receive

$10n h minute for singinghis simple but well known lullabyit one of his fashionable concerts;,rferidinff. of cour5«, he could be in-

uced to sing it in public at all.

If he were to sing it for phono-?raphic circu'ation his remuneration

noold be/tii! grcater. for in that

.ase bis regard would be propor-

tiofled on his popularity and stand¬

ing, multip'V i by the much largerpopulation the record was intended;o feach.But there is one tiny young woman

irijo, it is understood. doesn't have» pay anytidnsr at all to hear Mr."aruso sing. All she has to do, it is

aid, is to crook her diminutive fingerjr raise her voice in one of thosey.jrdless cornmands which. through..entories of training. all fond par-.nts have learned to understand,ir.d bis store of golden notes isvrs. He will even arise in the

«

-ight, lt is reported, and amplify hisrocal efforts by "walking"' herr.rtra?h one of her p?riods of wake-'.jlness.

Any Number of EncoresAmong persons who have seen

'owerful nnar.ciers. women of highocial rank and others of less conse-

juence contend for the dearly prizedrat frequently hard-fought-for priv-iege of hearing the "liquid voiced"eacr in one of his roles, the peculiarilvantages enjoyed by this youngAoman will he instantly appreci-,.ed.Whereas thirty minutes of actual

'*irk in concert pays Mr. Carusoac<rat $3,000. and his fee for Singing-ecettly in Mexico was $7,000 a per-.ormance, she doesn't even have to¦taad in line for a seat, and any^me of the day or night that she

''esires nn encore. and the tcnor isnot elsewhere rngaired, she can

have it.

Founding his computations on thetheory that Mr. Caruso'a contribu-tion in her cause would, if divided,amount to an average of at leastfive minutea for oach day, one ex-

pert haa evolved the interestingconclusion that the young womanin question already haa enjoyed$54,000 worth of song without pay'~ing a cent in return, and that bythe time she is one year old thesum will have been raised to $182,-000. When she is ten, if the same

ratio ia observed, the total will havebeen increased to $1,825,000.A brief aurvey of the list of chfl-

dren who have been born to riches,fame or unuaual position will showhow unique is the situation of littleMiss Gloria Caruso. daughter of thesinger, who is the person under dia-cuasion and who is exa.dy 108 day?old to-day.

Other Famous BabiesMarie Ah-ni-ghi-to Peary, known

in her early daya as the "snowbaby,'' won her fame by being bornto the late Robert E. Peary, dis-coverer of the North Pole, and Mrs.Peary in the Arctic regions. Thefact that one of her youthful play-mates in the wastea of snow and icewas a young person responding tothe interesting name of Koodloodtoohelped to elevate her to a specialplace in the annals of ohildhood.

Benjamin Harrison McKee ac-

quired the name of "White Housebaby"' through beginning his exlst-

lence in the Executive Mansion inthe term of Preaident Harrison, andhis title as such was uneontesteduntil President Cleveland's daugh-

j ter, Esther, w-as born in the same

residence in 1893.Virginia Dare was the "first

American baby" born of Englishparenta on this continent; YinaonWalsh McLean, the unfortunate lit¬tle aon of Mr. and Mrs. Edward B.

McLean, vns, until his untimely*death under the wheels of an auto-mobilo in Washington last May, re-pute*d to bo the "wealthlest child"in the United Statea; and manyothers have won distinetion for onereason or othcr.

But only little Mi93 Gloria everhaa had tho right to call herself the"richest song baby" in the world,and right royally, if the reports re-ceived direet from the householdserveaa a guide, does she live up tothe. prerogatives of her position.Xot only does she enjoy what may

be called the "most expensive lulla-bies" in the world.. but in other re-spects she has advantages belongingto her station.

In Jtegal StateAt exactly 10:30 o'clock every

morning, when the weather permits,-she may be <=een in heT perambulator,leaving. the Knickerbocker HoteLwhere.her adoring parenta have asuite of fifteen rooms. Cleopatra re-

clining on her couch of magnifi-

cent robes was not more luxurious-ly inveated than this daughterof the most famoua singer in theworld setting forth on her daily

" oxygen abaorbing " pilgrimag".A woman who waa permitted to

accompany her on one of these ex-

peditions recently, and thereby got

a close impression of the tiny "son*heiress," described the event as fol'-'lowa:"Solomon in all hi* glory waa not

fycrfffs <g> ey Mts>H*7*t

T ATEST 'picturea of Mr.*^and Mrs. Enrico Carusoand their chwghter Gloria

one-tenth as glorious. Certainly hermother and father could not havechosen a more appropriate name .forher. She certainly radiatea gloryfrom every atom* of her amall be-ing. Not that it ia exactly accurateto give the impression that ahe iaunusually small, for. on the con-

trary, she weighed nine pounds atbirth, which ia one pound'n-'.ore thanthe a%-erajre child."At present she weigha fourteen

and a half pounds and i- constantlyon the gain."Her earriage robe on her daily

expeditiona ia of finest ermin.e. withblack tails about the edges to set orlits unfleoked whiteneaa. A beautifulwhite* coat and cap of exquisiteneedlework complete her toilet. Ofcourse, the little pillow on whichshe reata her head matches the cap."On the dav I waa permitted to

The Tenor's Daughter InheritsHer Fathers Dimple; Voice

Is Still a Questionaccompany her the weather had

moderated and little Miss Gloria,disdaining the conveniions, had dis-earded her mittens and carried herwell groomed hands in the approved¦fist fashion.

Her Limited Voeabulary"She wore a look, of well-bred

dignity.aa the nurae wheeled herout of the elevator, and her largedark eyea regarded rhe in a not nn-

ktndly manner aa we set out. Herconversational abilitiea being as yetlimited, our effort3 at speeeh were;

not extenaive, but Miss Gloria oc-

casionally said 'goo' to show that so

far as our acquaintanee had pro-gressed she found nothing objection-able in'my companionship.

"Moreover. an incident whk'htranspired at the very beginhir.g ofour journey proves that, with allher other good qualities, Miss Gloriais not lacking in dignity and self,possession. N'ear the hotel we were

obliged to pasa over a temporaryplatfcrm, built in front of a struc-

ture which is in course of erection,and the perambulator gavp a littlejump as it hit an obstruction on thistemporary paasageway.

Resembles Her Father"Misa Gloria's pillow was thrown

out of position, and the little ladyherself eeemed in danger of losingher balance, but not once did shelose her poise. With truly regal calr*she waited until her nurae had read-juated the pillow, and she maintainedan air of utter indifference through-out, as though nothing had hap-pened."

People who have not seen M-Gloria, but who are eager to leari"how she, looks," and whether -

givea indicationa of "becoming a

singer like her father," will be in-tereated to hear that in general sheresemblea Mr. Caruao, but. that, un-

like him, her voice is a fairly strongsoprano. On oceas'.ona such as whenshe ha3 tried her vocal powers as a

means of announeing her disappro-vai over the slipping of a pin or thedisappearanre of her milk bottle shehas displayed a "rang'e nnd timbre"

which, in the opinion of experta, i?a favorable augury of her futurepowers.

*'Her nose, mouth and chin are

identical with those of her father.''reports the woman already referredto. "Whether or not she has inher-ited the super vocal c*ord which hasniade Mr. Caruso the great singerhe is, no one can say, but there arc

those who predict that she will be-come a great prima donna.

"Little Gloria. It may be well toexplain. is being reared entirely on

the American plan. Wherea*Italian children are forced to submit to being wound about in end-lesa yarda of cloth. like some Egyptian mummy, and flnally fastencdto a mueh befrilled pillow, shor*frocks and sanitary feeding b*>tt!»-«are enjoyed by Miss Caruso.

Is Never 111"Like her father, she is a stickler

for quality rather than quantiryand when displeased she can mal,"the 'raftera ring' along with the bes:She has inherited her father'=famous dimpled chin, although herHair ia changing from chestnut to

blond, like her mother's. Be thiueather ever so cold or even damrshe never fails to take her dailyouting, and only a heavy rain wii!.keep her indoors. She has never

had a day of sickness since herbirth, and seldom awakena durincthe night. Nor is she temperamentui.as yet."One last word and the chroniele

about t'ne "richest song baby" in'lie world is finished.

It may be remembered that ln ther'aya which preceded his marriae-^?ignor Caruso was somewhat of b

artooni3t and an expert in the ar*l' facial mimicry.

. w he reserves ail his skiT! iidrawing for the enjoyment of hiaown household' and his artistry in"making: funny faces'' for his own

I:--' daughter, which, it is §ai,;she thoroughly enjoys.Such are the conseqnences in

evitably attending inereased reapo"sibilities and the obligations resulling from the dignity of being a

father.

The Status of German Women Was Greatly Advanced by the WarBy William C Dreher

T"T THAT has the war doneV%/ for German women? Or,? Y to put the queation more

correctiy, What did Ger¬man women do for their countrydurtog the war? And what changesW the positlon and rights of women

pa# grown out of the war and thererohition?The war brought an enormous in-

t^ase of work for Gerrnan women,Apart from direct ^"ar artivity, likefwork fn hospitala and in factoriesIr?.k:rg nranitions of war. Greatbtunibers of women took over theimrfneaa of their huabanda, whether1' rr.ar?ajr'r;g stores, offires. work-f'ps, factoric or in conductingfarma.The country women eapecially

tooK upon themselvea an unusualburden of work, Peasant women,karf workers from tlme Immemorial,P9f eariier and did a longer da/s.wk than before, and rr.any coun-1*1 women not peasants alno did jk«r full part I have heard of one.armfr's w 'o, 7>0 rr,,e> every morn-l'?at 4:30 ov. (ck r/> fee^ th<s ]jve.P«a^ U*?A she aimost worked her-¦»' to deatl, ad ied my informant.

| Womm Dug Subway«w eitiea women took over 1

* '">' poegible klnd of men's work,r<U lome that rpquired hard phyai-. .abor. J have *een wornen in

;&!^ nombera handling the npade^avating for the new subway inw-in, ptuhing »and iorrnjs and"'* other 1 eavy work. They also~*»ed tha itreeta, operated the

T'W^ar*, worked aa teamaters In'*¦ postai fervice, wWJe in utoren*'. hanka the piac** of most of the

Vr'!r> wer«» tak»>n by women.'r- «. factories and workahopa*ma began to take the places of

~ ?ar'y ir. .;. wari hfjt later on,J« th« adoptiom of the ao-called[^fcaborf progTam," in 1918,

**re drawn fjrto fartory workJJ*»»atlca!;y «nd in far grrater"*»«¦ Mun evfrr before. A ape-** pereaa wm eatabliehed in the'*r Department and plaeed under

^?*Wctian of Dr. Elieabeth/~r*> who alrea/iy before the

*L^*A * w14«» repntation a* a^t*r Jn the womtn'i movement of

^**n7- H*r ta«k waa to organizeI_"<ft«i the emplojrment offart/jrien and in war

¦fjjO work of all klnda. Her-H »m the moet importajtt one

given to a woman during the war.She organized regional branches

all over Germany, and with the aidof these she proceeded to "comb out"the women capable of doing men'swork in factoriea or elsewhere, justas the military. authorities were

combing out the men able to do mili¬tary serviee. A vast amount of de-tail had to be looked after. Wheremothers were willing to work butwere prevented through having chil-dren to look after, arranpementshad to be niade to care for them inlarge groups; railway and stroetcartransportation had to be providedto get the women from home to shopand back again at seasonable hours.Teaching course3 had to be estab-liahed in many factories to trainwomen for work requiring spocialskill.

Dr. Luders is conside.red to havemanaged her bureau with great suc-

cess and German women are proudof her achievernent. She has re-

cently become a member of theNational Assembly, succeeding thewell known Dr. Friedrich Xaumann,who died last summer. Her suecess

in getting industrial workers fromamong th'e women is illustrated bythe following figuros: In the metalworking tradea there were 12,0'58women employcea in 1914, 65,138on 1915, 2?'*,362 in 1916 and 624,-688 1n 1917. A census of the Wood-workers' League, taken in Decem-ber, 1917, showed 35,471 women

employees, against 10,'587 in 1914;in 1917 the women employeea were

36 per cent of the persona em-

ployed, agalnst 6.6 prr cent in1914.

More Women StudentsAt th*i aame tlme, when women

were turning to hard manua! laborin quite unprerwlented numbers,other women .wre flo<;kir;g to theuniversities an never before. Theseinstitutionu bad been generallyopened to women only a fow yearnbefore the war, but after 1914 thonumber of women students und'T-went a great tnrreaHe. In fact, theysupplied the lanrer part of the, hear-ers in the lecture rooms; the BcrlinUniveraity, as one professor re-

rnarked, looked hke a high rla:-;sfernale seminary.And wvr-n »1nce the War, when the

number of rru-n sfcudents ha« bwngreatly in<rea»ed by the ret.urn ofsoldier ftndentu, women «rn «Inorontfibut.ing toward overcrowdinjfthe lecture rooms. A mark«d In-

crease of women is reported from'nearly all the universities. Theyare preparing to be physicians,lawyers, dentista and especiallyteachers in higher poaitiona.

The eatabliahment of considerablenumbers of gymnasiuma for girls inthe years just before the war hasgreatly tended to multiply the num-bera of women at the universitiea.Thus the war caught Germany at atime when it had already begun toprovide more liberally for the highereducation of women, which hithertohad been relatively neglected, andit gave thia movement a strong im-pulse.

From 8tndie» to WarNot a few of the women inter-

rupted their studies to do war work,some in hospitals aa nursea and a

considerable number in workshopa.Much hard manual labor was thusdone by hands which hitherto hadbeen acrustomed only to handlingbooks and the pen.Some interesting data on profes-

sional work by women during thelast half dozen years, supplied tome by Dr. Eliza Ichenhauser, one

of the best known women writersof Germany, are summarized here.In 1917 there were 500 women phy¬sicians in Germany against 118 in1911. During the war 150 women

physicians occupied positiona ingeneral hospitals, and some of thesewere superintendents. Some wom¬

en physicians also received positionsin military hospitals early in thewar; but here a difilculty was en-

countered that was purely German:army surgeons regularly receivemilitary titles giving them offlcers'rank.and who ever heard of a

woman captain or major? Thia ob-staclo proved so lnsurmountable thatwomen were ruled out. The men

feared that thia little matter oftitles or the lack of them might af-fect discipline!Took Ovrr Private PractlceWomen phyaicians also took over

the prlvate practice of many men

who were called to work in the mili¬tary hospitals; and t.hey are said tohavo fdven watisfactory reaulta. Int.ho univeraity cllnics also women

physicians found employrnent inmuch largcr numbers than hitherto.In 1917 there woro fifty-threewomen in nuch positionn by regularappointment, and forty-three doingafisistants' work on temporary ap

j potntment. At the aame time therej wcr» 170 women aHslatants In gen-

eral hospitals; and at the end of thewar there was hardly one big generalhospital that did not have one or!more women assistants. This is a

remarkable record in a countrywhere, two decadea ago, the women

physicians might have been countedon one's fingers.Women have also gone into the

kindred profession of pharmacy inrapidly increasing numbers. Where-'.as in 1912 there were only fifty-onewomen apothecaries, there were al-ready 250 by 1917. Women are also'going into dentistry more than ever.In 1917 there were 100 of them whohad taken the regular dental degreeat the univeraitiea. Many of thesetook positiona in the universityclinics. Women chemista are also,much in demand, and some fifty toseventy now are employed ln Ger-man industrial companies.. Thereare also about twenty architectsand sixteen lawyers.

All obstaclea have not. yet been

rcmoved from a career ln the lawby women, despite the revolution.It is still impossible for a womanto establish herself in independentpractice; she can work only as as-

sistant to some man lawyer. Never-theless, women have recently beenadmitted to the so-called "referen-dary examinationa" in South Ger-many; and it is expected that thelegal profession will everywhere beopened to them without diserimina-tion.

In other ways the disqualifica-tiona of women are being sweptaway. Thus in the postofhce, underthe old ayatem, women who marrledwere diacharged; but under the new

constitution this dsscrimination haabeen abolished. Some 40,000 wornen

were employed by the postotficc dur-ing the war and a few of these roseto the higher positions.

At. the universities again manyyoung women are studying politicaleconomy, political sciences and

I :.

I)R. ALICE SALOMON, who has established a special coursef-or training women of the working clasa to do socialwork

ftnanc.e and women who have taker.auch eoursea readily find employ-ment in municipal administrations,banka and other financial com-

panies. The banka also are encouf-aging bright girla from the gym-nasiums to apply for positiona. Be¬fore the war girla were not em-

ployed in banka at all, except as

secretariea or typewriters; now it isa eommon thing to see them doingbookkeepers' work.

As I.erturerf*. TooAt the univprsities women, have

not connned their work to hearinglectiirea and acting as clinical as-

sistanta. L'atterly fhey have begunto occupy lectureahipa there, Withinthe laat few montha a woman hasbecome a private lecturer fPrivat-Docentin) in mathematics at theUniveraity of Gottingen; at the T'ni-versity of Munich and another in-stitution aimilar lectureships inother branches were acquired bywomen.

fn industrlal life, too, womenhave been olimbing into the higher.more responsible positions. In 191]there were .S10 women occupyingpositiona of master workmen in alltrades, but by 1917 not leaa than8,958 heid such poaitions in thetailoring trades alonc. Naturallythere waa during the war muoh hur-ried training of women for the newwork which they were to undertake.

One heara divergent views as tothe aucceaa of German women indoing the more specific war work inmilitary hospitala at home and be-hind the front. Thua Colonel Bauer,who was in a position cloae to Gen-eral LudendorfF at army headquar-tera, has indicated in a publishedarticle that even in the hoapitalamany women lacked aeriouaneas,went about their work in a dilet-tant manner and treated it as a

social function.In still another direction the war

created a greatly incrpased demandfor women'a peculiar ennacitiea.as social workera. So great was therequest for them that not less thahtwenty training schoola were estab-lished during the war; whereaafhero appears to have been only one

before the war. These schoola, ofphilanthropy,. as they are called inAmerica, are more or less the off-shoots of that one which haa he^nconducted herei at Berlin for some

yeara by Dr. Alice Salomon, well

known amonnr Amerlcan Bocial work-'ers. Social work in Germany lsalmost wholly in the hands ofwomen, German men aeeming to

regard it as not in keepng with tl eirmanly.dignity.Just now Dr. Salomon has op

a specia! course* for training women

of the working classea ro do socialwork, which is an entirely new de-parture, social

>workers having

hitherto come from the middleelasses. A feeling, however, hasgrown up among the working pei pthat they prefer women of their own

class to do social work [or theriThe experlment is confined for thepresent to thirty women between theages of twenty-two and forty years;and these have been selected by thevarious organizations of the workingclasses from among women whoshowed capacity for leadership.

Dr. Salomon is a great optimistregardine the possibilities for edu-cated and trained women in Ger¬many. She says:"The rrained woman of ability

who can rind nothing to do <\ne* notexi*t in Germany. That ia becauaethe number of women trained forspecial work is stili relatively smallhere, for the reason that the educa-tion of women for practical workbegan with us at a comparativelyreeent date. A wotnan who can dosomething can make her way inGermany more easily than a man."

Full Buffrage was the grreatestchange that the war and the revolu-tion brought for German women.

a change that placed Germany inadvance of all other great natior.s.It was decreed by. the Socialiat"People's Commiaaloners" soonafter the revolution, and it has now

been "anchored in the constitution,"as the phrase goea here. At thefirst prcneral election in which wom¬

en participated.that of January19, 191,9.women actually cast aa

high a porcentage.of votea aa men;and in Berlin it was even higher.78 per cent of the women havingvoted, against only f>2 per cent ofthe men. At that election, too. 310women were candidates for the Na-tional Assembly, byt as most of thesehad been placed in the second, thirdor even lower positions on theirparty tickets only thirty-five of themwere elected.a number suhsequent-ly raised to thirty-six throujrh thedeath of a member.

Of the women elected not lessthan twenty belong to the two So-

cialist factlona. and eixteen to theso-cailed bourgeoia parties. Whilethe .Socialists elected more wottipt.

than the other parties, it is an interesting fact that women voters apparently showed a preference forthe more eonstrvativp parties. Itseveral cities men and w.lmen vot«viin separate bnxes, and from thitiimited baais the conclusion wa,*reached that the two Socialist par-tiea were able to muster onlyeighty-eight women to every innmen voters, whereaa the Democratihad 122 and the Catbolic and Coi=ervative partiea from T*i* tn )awomen to every 100 men voters

Many in OfficeBesidea the women elected to the

Xational Aasembly a !argr numbeiwere chosen to the varioua state n

sembliea and legialaturea, and almostan even thousand as membera ofcity couneila. Here the-reauits seemto contradict the view that womenare less radical than men: for '¦¦ \~.of these women are Majority Social-ista, 135 Independent Socialists, 195Catholics, 194 Democrats and H4membera of the more conservativepartiea.

In the Xational Aasemb'y thewomen membera have made a go^impression upon their male coi'eagues, and the working relationsbetween the two sexes are describedh> excellent. Several of the women

already have made noteworthyspeechea.particularly Pr. GertrudBaumer. Dr. Marie Baum Democrata) and Frau Juchacz (Majoritj-Socialist^, while Frau Luise ZietrIndependent Socialist haa made »

reputation as the greit interrupterof the Aasembly. Her atridert voicefrequently throws vitriolic remark*into the speechea of her political op-ponents.Looking over the fir?t year of th^

new order of thinga for women theyevince not a little satisfaction overwhat was achieved by them. FraoDr. Iehenhiiust'r sums npc

"it was a great step forward thatGerman women took in 1919, and lnour dark preaent time we may re-

gard as it as one of the most brii-liant prospects that women, throughtheir participation in publc life, willbring to it rich suppliea of young.unused energies and an abouudingidealism. . . . With noteworthypolitical instinct and with astonishing self confidence they hav* enteredthe door that wai opened to them."