atoms. matter elements atoms atoms are the building blocks of matter!

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Page 2: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Matter

Elements

Atoms

Atoms are the building blocks of matter!Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Page 3: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Atom• the smallest particle into which an element

can be divided and still maintain the properties of that element.

• Atom means “cannot be divided”

Song

http://www.songsforteaching.com/sciencesongs.htm

VideoVideo

The Atoms Family

Page 4: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Atoms are made of subatomic Atoms are made of subatomic particlesparticles

• Inside Nucleus

– Proton- positively charged particle

– Neutron- neutral (no charge) particle

• In Electron Cloud

– Electron- negatively charged particle

Page 5: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Sub-atomic Part

Weight Charge Where Found

Yes No Positive Negative Neutral Inside

Nucleus Outside

Nucleus

Proton

Neutron

Electron

Subatomic Parts ChartSubatomic Parts Chart

Page 6: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

J.J. Thompson

Discovered positively and negatively charged particles inside the sphere that neutralized each other

Page 7: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Ernest RutherfordSuggested that atoms have a nucleus

Page 8: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Niels BohrCalculated energy levels and found electrons moved in waves, which then created the electron cloud model

Page 9: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

ATOMS• Teeny, tiny, itsy, bitsy, small, small small

• Invisible to the naked eye

• Observed only by an electron microscope

• Millions of them will fit on the point of a needle.

Review Video

Song Atom’s Family

Welcome to Matterville!

Page 10: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

CELL• Cells are found in LIVING things only

• Cells are much, much, much larger then atoms

Page 11: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Non LivingNon LivingLivingLiving

PlantsPlantsPhotosynthesisPhotosynthesisNo locomotionNo locomotion

AnimalsAnimalsCan MoveCan Move

Can’t make own foodCan’t make own food

CellsCells AtomsAtoms

Page 12: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Helium

2

4.003

ElementElement

# of Protons# of Protons

SymbolSymbol

ProtonsProtons+ Neutrons+ NeutronsAtomic MassAtomic Mass

Atomic #Atomic #

Page 13: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Symbol• Each element has a symbol

• Symbols are like shorthand for chemists.

• Many have Latin Roots (Lead –Pb)

• Some are single upper case letters– example: C is for carbon

• Some have an upper case and a lower case letter– Example- Ni is for nickle

Page 14: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!
Page 15: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

QUICK REVIEW…

• Atomic # is the number of PROTONS in an atom. (and Electrons if the atom is neutral)

Atomic # = PROTONS (+) or Electrons

• Atomic Mass is the sum of PROTONS and NEUTRONS in the nucleus of the atom.

Atomic Mass = P + N

Page 16: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Review…Use the diagram to answer the questions.

• What is the atomic # of this atom?

• What is the atomic mass of this atom?

• What is the name of this Element?

Proton / Neutron / Electron

Page 17: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Review…Use the diagram to answer the questions.• What is the atomic # of

this atom? – 6 (count the protons)

• What is the atomic mass of this atom? – 12 (add protons + neutrons

in nucleus)

• What is the name of this Element? – Carbon (use the atomic

number to find on P.Table)

Proton / Neutron / Electron

Page 18: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

READ GATEWAY TEXTBOOK

The Structure and Parts of an Atom pg. 16-19

Page 19: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Pop QuizStates of Matter

Finding the # of each particle in an atom

Page 12 & 20 in Gateway

Page 20: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Complete & Turn In Worksheet

“The Atoms Family Atomic Math Challenge”

Page 21: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

GOOD NEWS!GOOD NEWS!About Nuclear PowerAbout Nuclear Power

1. Unlimited! Never run out!!

2. Cheap!!

3. Will meet all our needs

Page 23: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Half Life• Definition: amount of time it takes for half a

sample of radioactive material to decay– Problem: Tritium has a half-life of 12.5 years. If

you start with 20 g, how much tritium would be left after 50 years?

• Know: Half-life: 12.5 years; initial amount 20 g• Need to find: How many half lives in 50 yrs.; how

much tritium would be left• Half life: 50 yrs / 12.5 yrs = 4 half lives• Material left:

1. 20 g / 2 = 10 g2. 10 g / 2 = 5 g

3. 5 / 2 = 2.5 g4. 2.5 g / 2 = 1.25 g

Page 27: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Practice with Molecules & Compounds

Practice wksheet

Page 28: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Chemical Bond & BondingChemical Bond & Bonding

• When atoms are attached together to make molecules and compounds

• Bonding is the process of atoms combining to form new substances

Video

Page 29: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

!Valence Electrons!

• The number of outer or “valence” electrons in an atom effects the way an atom bonds.

• Valence is a Latin word that means “strength”

• Valence electrons determine the chemical strength of an atom for bonding with other atoms.

• This is why elements within a group/family usually have similar properties.

Page 30: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Valence Electrons

To determine how many valence electrons an atom has you must be able to draw the atom or use the periodic table as a reference.

Group or Family # is an easy “trick” to valence electrons for groups 1&2, 13-18

(groups 3-12 don’t follow this rule- these you must draw out )

Page 31: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Valence electronGroup/Family# “trick”

Group 1

1 Ve-

Group 2

2 Ve-

Group 3-12

NO RULE

Group 13

3 Ve-

Group 14

4 Ve-

Group 15

5 Ve-

Group 16

6 Ve-

Group 17

7 Ve-

Group 18

8 Ve- or Full Shell

You can always draw one to check it out!

Page 32: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

BondingBonding• Covalent Bonding: When atoms share

an electron (5 or more ve-)

• Ion: atom with an electrical charge

• Ionic Bonding: occurs when an atom gains or loses an electron (1 to 4 ve-)

Page 33: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

5 or more Valence Electrons = they share!!

Page 34: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

1 to 4 valence electrons = take or give away

Page 35: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Ionic Bonding

Group 1

1 Ve-

+1

Group 2

2 Ve-

+2

Group 3-12

NO RULE

+2

Group 13

3 Ve-

+3

Group 14

4Ve-

+/-4

Group 15

5 Ve-

-3

Group 16

6 Ve-

-2

Group 17

7 Ve-

-1

Group 18

8 Ve- or Full Shell

Now who is going to lose or gain?

Page 36: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Science Starter Review Notes

Science Starter PPT #96

Ion Note Sheet & Ions and their charges worksheet

Page 37: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Science Starter Review Notes

Review

Science Starter PPT #24

Atoms Mini-Test

Page 38: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Video Quiz

Page 39: Atoms. Matter Elements Atoms Atoms are the building blocks of matter!

Extras• Interactive lessons• Periodic Table Adventure• Atoms family• Elements song• Class Notes: Property of Matter Notes (P) & Matter Scramble Puzzle & Crossword Puzzle

BrainPOP movie Worksheet - Properties of Matter • Element of the Day - (pdf) Students will take notes on the first 18 elements • Color the periodic table according to the families (pdf) • Elements Bingo Cards - Class set of 36 cards in PDF format • Elements Word Search (pdf) • Worksheet : Differentiate between an isotope, ion, new element and molecule |  • Atomic Musical Chairs (pdf) - students will become part of an atomic model. • Interactive:  • Internet Lab : Getting to know the Periodic Table.| Los Alamos Periodic table Periodic Table

Families  • Funbrain - Proton Don- Can you guess the element? • The Visual Elements Periodic Table: Wonderful graphics!!! Provides chemical data for each

element. • Element Project: Adopt an Element (PDF)- students will research and create an advertising

poster for their element. Thanks to www.sciencespot.net! • Making Molecular Models Lab : Practice Covalent & Ionic Bonding. • Bond with a Classmate Activity: Learn how to make and name binary compounds. (PDF) • Radioactive Decay and Half Life Lab - Students will simulate and graph radioactive decay.