ati pharmacology

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treat HTN by blocking conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL) treat HTN by blocking the binding of angiotensin II to receptors in tissues ARBS (loSARTAN) -lisinoPRIL ACE inhibitors -loSARTAN ARBS what to monitor when taking ACE (lisinoPRIL) /ARBS ( loSARTAN) monitor K+ levels, blood pressure and angiodema (give epi subQ) stop diuretics 24-48 hrs before starting ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL) ACE (lisinoPRIL) may cause: persistent non productive cough side effects include: angiodema (administer epi subQ) and hypotension - should not be used in the 2nd/3rd trimester of pregnancy ACE inhib(lisinoPRIL) / ARBs (loSARTAN) ARB that should be taken 1 hour before meals captoPRIL slows movement of calcium into smooth muscle cells causing arterial dilation and decreased BP calcium channel blockers (CCBs) amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem CCBs used to treat angina and HTN CCBs: amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem may be used to treat afib, aflutter or SVT verapamil and diltazem

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Pharmacology for Nursing ATI Quiz

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Page 1: Ati Pharmacology

treat HTN by blocking conversion of

angiotensin I to angiotensin II

ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL)

treat HTN by blocking the binding of

angiotensin II to receptors in tissues

ARBS (loSARTAN)

-lisinoPRIL ACE inhibitors

-loSARTAN ARBS

what to monitor when taking ACE

(lisinoPRIL) /ARBS ( loSARTAN)

monitor K+ levels, blood pressure and

angiodema (give epi subQ)

stop diuretics 24-48 hrs before starting ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL)

ACE (lisinoPRIL) may cause: persistent non productive cough

side effects include: angiodema (administer

epi subQ) and hypotension - should not be

used in the 2nd/3rd trimester of pregnancy

ACE inhib(lisinoPRIL) / ARBs

(loSARTAN)

ARB that should be taken 1 hour before meals captoPRIL

slows movement of calcium into smooth

muscle cells causing arterial dilation and

decreased BP

calcium channel blockers (CCBs)

amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem CCBs

used to treat angina and HTN CCBs: amloDIPINE, verapamil,

cardizem

may be used to treat afib, aflutter or SVT verapamil and diltazem

precautions/interactions in CCBs: amloDIPINE,

verapamil, cardizem

pts taking digoxin and beta-blockers;

heart failure, heart block or

bradycardia; do not consume

grapefruit juice

Page 2: Ati Pharmacology

side effects/ advrse effects of CCBs

(amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem)

constipation, reflex tachycardia,

peripheral edema, and toxicity

inject IV CCBs (amloDIPINE, verapamil,

cardizem) over ____ to ____ min

2 - 3

how to D/C CCBs (amloDIPINE, verapamil,

cardizem)

slowly taper

what to monitor in pts taking CCBs

(amloDIPINE, verapamil, cardizem)

heart rate and BP

another name for alpha adrenergic blockers

(praZOSIN)

sympatholitics (praZOSIN)

decreases BP by inhibting alpha-1 adrenergic

receptors causing arterial and venous dilation

sympatholitics (praZOSIN)

may be used in the treatment of BPH doxaZOSIN

what drugs may decrease the effect of

praZOSIN

NSAIDs

side effects of sympatholitics (praZOSIN) dizziness, fainting, hypotension

what time should sympatholitics (praZOSIN)

be taken and why?

at bedtime to minimize effects of

hypotension

decrease peripheral vascular resistance by

stimulating alpha adrenergic receptors

alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,

aldomet)

antiHTN drugs that may be used in severe

cancer pain

alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,

aldomet)

when are alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,

aldomet) contraindicated

in pts taking anticoagulants/MAOIs ,

pts with hepatic failure/CVA, MI,

diabetes, drepssion or chronic renal

failure

Page 3: Ati Pharmacology

do not administer ________ through IV line with

barbituates or sulfonamides

alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,

aldomet)

lactating mothers should not use these

antihypertensives

alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,

aldomet)

dry mouth, drowsiness/sedation, rebound

HTN, black/sore tongue, leukopenia

side effects of alpha-2 agonists

(catapres, tenex, aldomet)

pts should notify the physician of this when

taking alpha-2 agonists (catapres, tenex,

aldomet)

involuntary jerky movement,

prolonged dizziness, rash, yellowing of

the skin

decrease: cardiac excitability, cardiac output,

and myocardial oxygen demand; lower BP by

decrease release of renin in the kidney

beta-blockers (metoprOLOL)

beta-blockers (metoprOLOL) are

contraindicated in pts with

AV block, or chronic respiratory

diseases

_______ (beta-blocker) may maks signs of

hypoglycemia in diabetics

propanOLOL

do not administer labetOLOL in the same line

with ?

furosemide

side effects of beta-blockers (metoprOLOL) bradycardia, nasal stuffiness, AV

block, bronchospasm

hold beta-blockers (metoprOLOL) when SBP <

____ or HR < _____

SBP <100 / HR < 50

nitro, nicardIPINE, vasotec IV, esmolol are? vasodilators

used in HTN emergencies b/c they directly

dilate arteries and veins resulting in

decreased preload and afterload

vasodilators (nitro, nicardIPINE,

vasotec IV, esmolol)

vasodilators (nitro, nicardIPINE, vasotec IV, hepatic/renal disease, old age,

Page 4: Ati Pharmacology

esmolol) should not be used in pts with? electrolyte imbalances

side effects of vasodilators (nitro, nicardIPINE,

vasotec IV, esmolol)

dizziness, HA, profound hypotension,

cyanide toxicity,

nitroprusside may not be mixed with ___ any other meds

cardiac glycosides digoxin

increases the force in velocity of heart

contractions to improve stroke volume (70mL)

and cardiac output and slow conduction rate

digoxin

used to treat heart failure and afib digoxin

_________ meds increase risk of hypokalemia

and precipitate digoxin toxicity

thiazide/ loop diuretics, ARBs

(loSARTAN) /ACE inhibitors (lisinoPRIL)

signs of digoxin toxicity • Early signs of toxicity: GI upset:

Anorexia, N/V/D,

• Late signs of toxicity: HA, visual

disturbances, HR abnormalities

normal serum digoxin level 0.8 - 2

administer ____ for digoxin overdose digibind

in digoxin toxicity what should dysryhthmias

be treated with when digoxin is stopped

dilantin

slows conduction time through the AV node,

interrupts AV node pathways to restore NSR

adenosine

prolongs repolarization, relaxes smooth

muscles, decreases vascular resistance

amiodorone

increases firing of the SA node and

conduction through the AV node- opposes

atropine

Page 5: Ati Pharmacology

action of the vagus nerve

convert supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) to

NSR

adenosine

treat V-Fib, unstable ventrivular tachycardia amiodarone

treat asystole, bradycardia atropine

anti-hyperlipidemia meds statins

____ may cause prolonged bleeding in pts take

coumadin

statins

do not administer statins with _____? grapefruit juice

inhibits the absorption of cholesterol zetia

when should zetia be taken 1 hours before or 4 hours after statins

short-acting inhaler for acute bronchospasm albuterol

long acting inhaler for for long-term control of

asthma

foradil, serevent

oral, long acting beta-2 adrenergic agonists

(bronchodilator) used for long-term control of

asthma

terbutaline

______ meds that will increases the effect of

bronchodilators

MAOIs

causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle

causing bronchodilation used for long term

control of asthma

theoPHYLLINE

______ and ______ decrease theoPHYLLIN levels phenobarbitol and phenytoin

therapeutic level of theoPHYLLINE 10-20 mcg/mL

Page 6: Ati Pharmacology

treatments of theoPHYLLINE toxicity activated charcoal to decrease

absorption, lidocaine for dysrhythmias

and diazepam for seizures

inhaled anticholinergics causing

bronchodilation

ipratrOPIUM

ipratrOPIUM is contraindicated in pts with a

______ allergy

peanut

use ipratrOPIUM with extreme caution in

patients with ______ and ______

acute angle glaucome and BPH

side effects of ipratrOPIUM dry mouth/eyes and urinary retention

do not take glucocorticoids with _______ NSAIDs

prevents effects of leukotrienes causing

decreased: inflammation, bronchoconstriction,

airway edema, and mucus production

singulair, zyflo

________ will decrease the circulating effects of

singular

phenobarbital

side effects of singulair and zyflo elevated LFTs, warfarin and

theophylline toxicity

slows carb absorption and digestion,

contraindicated in pts with intestinal disease

Precose, Glyset

reduces gluconeogeneis, increases glucose

uptake by muscles

metformin

promotes release of insulin, lowers glucagon

secretions and slows gastric emptying

Januvia

Januvia dose should be reduced in patients impaired renal function

Page 7: Ati Pharmacology

with

diabetes med that should be withheld for 48

hrs prior to and after contrast

metformin

metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe infection, shock, hypoxic

conditions

reduces production of glucose and should not

be used with NPH

prandin, starlix

promotes release of insulin from the pancreas glipizide, glyburide

these diabetes meds cause high risk for

hypoglycemia in pts with renal, hepatic or

adrenal disorders

glipizide, glyburide

oral medications that decreases insulin

resistance

Avandia, Actos

oral diabetes medications that have a high

risk for CHF due to fluid retention

Avandia, Actos

onset of humalog less than 15 min

peak of humalog 30-60 min

duration of humalog 3-4 hours

onsent of regular insulin 30-60 min

peak of regular insulin 2-3 hours

duration of regular insulin 5-7 hours

onset of NPH 1-2 hours

peak of NPH 4-12 hours

Page 8: Ati Pharmacology

duration of NPH 18-24 hours

onset of lantus 1 hour

peak of lantus none

duration of lantus 10-24 hours

Drawing-up regular and NPH insulin N-R-R-N

1. Inject air into NPH

2. Inject air into regular

3. Draw up regular insulin

4. Draw up NPH

when should lantus be administered at bedtime

do not mix other insulins with humalog, lantus or combination

insulins

the only insulin given IV regular

glycemic agent that breaksdown glycogen

into glucose in the liver

glucagon

glucagon should not be mixed with _____ and

____ solutions

sodium or dextrose

stimulates the metabolism of all body

systems acclerating the rate of cellular

oxygenation

synthroid

side effects of synthroid/ signs of

hyperthyroidism

tachycardia, restlessness, diarrhea, wt

loss, decrease bone density, heat

intolerance, insomnia

inhibits synthesis of thyroid hormone Tapazole

Page 9: Ati Pharmacology

increases production of insulin-like growth

factor

somatOTROPIN

avoid use of _____ when taking somatOTROPIN gluccocorticoids

somatOTROPIN is administered subQ

promotes reabsorption of water with the

kidneys; vasocontriction of vascular smooth

muscle

desmoPRESSIN

desmoPRESSIN is used to Tx diabetes insipidus, cardiac arrest and

nocturnal enuresis

side effects of desmoPRESSIN hyponatremia, seizures and coma

blood product used to replace volume whole blood (2-4 hr)

blood product used to Tx severe anemia,

hemolytic anemia, erythroblastosis

packed RBCs (2-4 hr)

blood product to Tx active bleeding, aplastic

anemia, and bone marrow supporession

platelets (15-30 min)

blood product used to Tx hemorrhage, burns,

shock, TTP, and reverse effects of warfain

FFP

stimulates RBC production Procrit

stimulates WBC production may cause bone

pain or leukocytosis

Neupogen, Neulasta

stimulates platelet production Neumega

hold digoxin if an infants pulse is less than 90

hold digoxin if a child's pulse is less than 70

when to delay Hep B vax allergy to baker's yeast, liver disease

Page 10: Ati Pharmacology

when to delay DTaP vax 30 days after immunosuppression

when to delay Hib vax if child is ill

delay all vax if temp > ? 101.0F

when to delay MMR vax allergy to eggs, neomycin, gelatin -

pregancy

when to delay Varicella Vax allergy to neomycin, gelatin

when to delay pneumococcal vax sensitivity to diptheria

when to delay meningococcal (MCV) vax pregnancy

In bacterial meningitis _______ & ______ are

elevated and _________ is decreased

WBC/protein = elevated

glucose = decreased

abx class used to Tx sepsis, meningitis,

pneumonia

aminoglycosides (amakin,

vancoMYCIN)

this class of abx are ototoxic, nephrotoxic,

BUN/creat should be monitored

aminoglycosides (amakin,

vancoMYCIN)

therapeutic level of vancoMYCIN 20-40mcg/dL

abx class used to treat URIs, skin and UTI, cephalosporins (cephalexin, CEFaclor)

this class of abx have a cross sensitivity with

PCN and you should monitor for C.diff

cephalosporins (cephalexin, CEFaclor)

use caution in patients with hepatic, renal or

seizure disorder with these abx

fluroquinolones (ciproFLOXACIN)

used for clients with a PCN allergy and

administer with meals

z-pak, e-mycin, biaxin

Page 11: Ati Pharmacology

a broad spectrum abx contraindicated in pts

with renal dysfunction used to Tx UTI

macrodantin

warn pts taking macrodantin that? ..... urine will turn brown

when taking Bactrim and Septra? consume at least 3L of water, use

back-up contraceptives, avoid sun

exposure

when taking tetraCYCLINEs consume at least 3L of water, use

back-up contraceptives, avoid sun

exposure

do not give ______ to children less than 8 due

to permanent teeth discoloration

tetraCYCLINEs

________ causes gingivitis, gingival hyperplasia Dilantin

what Vax are needed by age 6 DTap, IPV, MMR, Varicella,

monitor hepatic/renal function, refrigerate

suspensions, increased risk 4 bleeding in pts

taking anticoagulants

Diflucan

monitor for drug induced retinopathy in pts

taking

plaquenil, quinine

used for prevention and Tx of TB INH, rifampin

precations when taking _______ include:

risk of neuropathies/hepatotoxicity

consume B6

avoid alcholol

INH

avoid eating _____ and taking ______ when on

INH

tyramine / dilantin

Page 12: Ati Pharmacology

________ will cause discoloration of urine,

saliva, sweat and tears

rifampin

administer this antiretroviral on an empty

stomach

AZT, retrovir

administer these antiretrovirals with food acyclovir

when taking any antiretroviral

1.?

2.?

increase fluid intake

begin therapy with first onset of

symptoms

osteoporosis meds (boniva, zometa)

absorption is decreased when taken with......

calcium, OJ, antacids, caffeine

osteoporosis meds (boniva, zometa) should

be administered

in the AM on an empty stomach

this med used to Tx rheumatoid arthritis is

contraindicated in pregnancy, renal/liver

failure, psoriasis, blood disorders

DMARDs

this med (DMARD) used to Tx rheumatoid

arthritis may cause increased risk for

infection, bone marrow suppression, GI

ulceration

methotrexate

plaquenil may cause retinal damage (blindness)

gout med that inhibits urac acid production

used to treat ACUTE gout

allopurinol

gout med that inhibits processes to prevent

leukocytes from invading joints used to treat

CHRONIC gout

colchine

gout meds are contraindicated in pts with???? renal, cardiac and GI dysfunction

avoid _____ when taking meds for gout ASA

Page 13: Ati Pharmacology

name 4 antianxiety meds loraZEPAM, xanax, librium, BuSpar

do not give ______ and ______ to pts with

substance abuse and liver disease

Valium and BuSpar

_______ is contraindicated fo clients taking

MAOIs

BuSpar

which antianxiety med will not cause

withdrawal Sx

BuSpar

treat overdose of antianxiety meds with

______

Romazicon

what antidepressants are contraindicated for

clients with seizure disorder

tricyclics (Elavil, ToFRANIL, doxepin)

do not administer ______ with MAOIs or

St.Johns wort

tricyclics (Elavil, ToFRANIL, doxepin)

monitor for anticholinergic effects, sedation,

toxicity and decreased seizure threshold in pts

taking

tricyclics (Elavil, ToFRANIL, doxepin)

the following are Sx of ________

agitation, confusion, hallucinations and should

be monitored for the first ____ hr when taking

______

serotonin syndrome, 72 hours, SSRIs

(paroXETINE, lexapro, luvox, zoloft)

side effects of SSRIs (paroXETINE, lexapro,

luvox, zoloft) include

weight gain

sexual dysfunction

fatigue

drowsiness

MAOis include marplan, Parnate

do not take MAOIs when taking _______ antihypertensives

Page 14: Ati Pharmacology

______ are contraindicated in pts taking SSRIs,

tricyclics, and who have heart failure, CVA,

renal insufficiency

MAOIs

side effects of MAOIs include CNS stimulation, orthostatic

hypotension

instruct client to take _______ antidepressants

in the AM

SSRIs (paroXETINE, lexapro, luvox,

zoloft)

______ and _____ will increase lithium levels NSAIDs and ASA

monitor serum _____ levels when taking

lithium

sodium

therapeutic level of lithium 0.4 - 1mEq/L

therapeutic effects of lithium begin in ___ to

___ days

7 to 14

what is the lithium toxicity level?

Sx: GI distress, mental confusion, poor

coordination, coarse tremors

1.5 to 2: moderate to advanced

what is the lithium toxicity level?

Sx: ataxia, confusion, increased dilute urine

output, blurred vision, clonic movements,

seizures, stupor, severe hypotension, and

coma, pulmonary complications may lead to

death - use _______ to increase rate of

excretion

> 2: severe - mannitol

acute dyskinesias and dystonic reactions,

tardive dyskinesia, Parkinsonism, akinesia,

akathisia, and neuroleptic malignant

syndrome are???

extrapyramidal effects of conventional

(haldol, thorazine, nacene)

antipsychotics

Page 15: Ati Pharmacology

a disorder resulting in involuntary, repetitive

body movements

tardive dyskinesia

Common symptoms include:

•Decrease in facial expressions

•Difficulty starting and controlling movement

•Loss or weakness of movement (paralysis)

•Soft voice

•Stiffness of the trunk, arms, or legs

•Tremor

Parkinsonism

absence, poverty, or loss of control of

voluntary muscle movements

akinesia

a disorder in which there is an urge or need to

move the legs to stop unpleasant sensations

akathisia

Symptoms include high fever, sweating,

unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular

rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction.

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Symptoms occur within minutes to hours of

taking (paroXETINE, lexapro, luvox, zoloft),

and may include:

• Agitation or restlessness

• Diarrhea

• Fast heart beat

• Hallucinations

• Increased body temperature

• Loss of coordination

• Nausea

• Overactive reflexes

• Rapid changes in blood pressure

• Vomiting

serotonin syndrome

used to maintain sobriety in Tx of alcoholism antabuse

do not give antabuse within ____ days of 14 days

Page 16: Ati Pharmacology

drinking alcohol

medications used to treat mysasthenia gravis Prostgmin, Mytelase, Tensilon

do not administer myasthenia gravis meds if

systolic BP is below

90

B6 decreases the effects of this parkinson's

med

levodopa

_______ causes increased excretion of digoxin,

warfarin, and OCP

Dilantin

therapeutic range for Dilantin 10-20

do not take Timoptic when using CCBs and beta-blockers

______ opiod is contraindicated after biliary

tract surgery

morphine

_______ opiod is contraindicated in clients with

renal failure

Demerol

therapeutic level of magnesium sulfate 4-8

act on uterine muscle to stop contractions tocolytics (brethine, procardia, mag

sulfate)

signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity Depressed DTR (deep tendon reflex)

- Respiratory depression

- Coma

- Cardiac arrest

- Death.

if you suspect mag toxicity ? administer Calcium Gluconate.

Decreased ammonia level = improvement in pts with hepatic

encephalopathy

Page 17: Ati Pharmacology

Muscle spasms indicate hypo or

hypercalcaemia

hypocalcaemia

Sx of hypo or hyper calcemia

Lethargy, weakness, fatigue, confusion, wt

loss, bone pain, cardiac dysrhythmias and

kidney stone

hypercalcemia

________will be elevated in bone or liver

disease and is also raised by alcohol and

hepatotoxic drugs

GGT

A flatted T wave is indicated of ? hypokalemia

aminoglycosides (gentaMYCIN, vancoMYCIN)

are administered IV over ________ (time)

1 hour

a vasopressor used in the Tx of shock and

heart failure.

increases cardiac output by increasing

myocardial contractility

*also dilates renal blood vessels, which

increase renal profusion leading to increased

urine output

dopamine

therapeutic effect of dopamine increased urine output due to dilated

renal blood vessles and increased

renal perfusion

side effects of dopamine increased pulse

HTN

dysrhythmias

used to correct hypotension that is

unresponsive to adequate fluid volume

replacement or occurs as part of shock

syndrome caused by bacteremia, chronic

cardiac decompensation, drug overdose, MI,

open-heart surgery, renal failure, trauma, or

vasopressors (dopamine)

Page 18: Ati Pharmacology

other major systemic illnesses; to improve low

cardiac output

Where is Penicillin G administered? PCN G is very irritating and should be

injected into a large muscle (ventral

gluteal / vastus lateralis) using a 22-

25G 1 -1 1/2" needle and should be

administered deep

why is Mag sulfate is administered to pre-

eclampsia pts?

to prevent seizures

the best evidence of therapeutic response to

Plavix is

absence of angina, neck/jaw pain and

absence of difficulty swallowing

pts with an allergy to PCNs may also have an

allergy to this abx class

CEPH/Falosporins

NSAIDs _______ diuretic effects reduce

toxic levels of ________ can cause

diplopia/double vision, HA, and vertigo. Serum

sodium levels can be impacted and urine

output decreased

Medication used for alcohol withdraw are Librium

Elavil, is a antidepressant, the side effects are Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness,

get up & move slowly, Monitor BP, &

heart rate before, and 1 hour after

administering, if decrease in heart

rate, hold meds & notify Doctor.

Elavil, Therapy Relief can take 1 to 3 weeks, and

possibly 2 to 3 months for full benefit.

Elavil, also effects Urinary retention, dry mouth, blurred

vision, photophobia, constipation,

Page 19: Ati Pharmacology

tachycardia

Propranolol, as Inderal, is a Beta Blocker Do not stop aburtly, client should

monitor heart, and Blood Pressure

daily, Treats, hyperthyroidism,

migraine, and glaucoma

Propranolol, Inderal Side Effect Bradycardia, pulse rate below 60, hold

medication & call Doctor, Diabetics

can mask tachycardia, monitor

glucose to detect hypoglycemia,

Decreased cardiac output signs, are

shortness of breath, edema, fatigue,

Orthostatic hypotension, faintness,

Avoid in client with asthma

Lisinopril, as Prinivil is a Ace Inhibitor

for Blood Pressure

Treats, Hypotension, heart failure,

myocardial infraction, it decreases the

left ventricular dysfunction

Lisinopril, side effects are Causes a Dry cough, stop meds.,

notify Doctor,

hyperkalemia, monitor potassium,

expected range 3.5 to 5, Rash &

dysgeusia, as altered taste,

Angioedema is a swollen tongue, and

oral pharynx, side effects are treated

with injection of Epinephrine

Dystonia Spasm Sustained, involuntary muscle

contractions

Dantrium, is a Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Treats Malignant hyperthermia,

stiffness, and spasms, can occur

during surgery with certain types of

anesthesia.

Cephalosporin, is a Broad spetrum bacterial

med.

Treats Urinary tract infection, post

operative infection, & pelvic infection

Page 20: Ati Pharmacology

Iron supplement Need to take with Vitimin C, olike

orange juixce, to increase absorption,

Avoid milk, & calcium, it interferes

with absorption, use a straw it can

stain teeth, May cause black stools

and constipation

Nitropress is used to treat congestive heart

failure, and life threatening high blood

pressure, as hypertension.

Myasthenia Gravis, Treatment Drugs It effects the muscles of the eyes,

face, mouth, throat, neck. We may see

facial drooping, drugs used are

Neostigmine, as prostigmine

Dilantin, adverse effects are Hyperplasia, as bleeding Gums, Rash.,

and

Dilantin Side Effect, is Hair loss

Dilantin, Drug interaction with Oral contraceptives, Coumadin, and

Gluccocorticords.,

Dilantin are used to control Seizures

Timolol Is a beta blocker, that is used for

treatment of glaucoma,

as IOP of the eyes

Probenecid, interacts with Anti gout medications, it

prevents re absorption of uric acid

Gout, it also inhibits the secretion of

penicillin

Pinicillin Interacts with Aspirin, and Aminoglycosides, when

mixed in the same I V solution

Coumadin known as warfarin INR: 2-3, a anticoagulant, prevention

of blood clots.

Meds that interact, with coumadin are

Page 21: Ati Pharmacology

Heparin, Dilantin, & Acetaminophen as

tylenol, and Aspirin

Heparin, Therapuetic Range 60 to 80, inhibits the clotting process.,

platelet under 10,000, stop medication

Heparin, I V Drip Lab. Value Monitor aPTT 1.5 to 2., administer

slowly, no more than 20mg per

minute, and 50mg per 10 minute.,

Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside Value are 1.5 to 2.0, Monitor

potassium levels,

The drug Lasix, interacts with digoxin,

and increases toxicity

Digoxin, Side Effects are Anorexia, tachycardia, bradycardia,

and heart block

Tamoxifen, A Cancer drug, a Oral Medication Estrogen Receptor Blocker, Stops

growth of Breast Cancer, Side Effect

are, Endometrial Cancer, abnormal

bleeding., Hyprecalcemia, montior

calcium levels., Pulmonary Embolus,

shortness of breath, and chest pain.

Fentanyl, is a Narcotic Analgesic It is more potent than morphine, you

need a written prescription form

Physician

Theophylline, Drug A bronchodilator to treat asthma,

bronchitis, emphysema, which

Interacts with caffeine

Cromolym Sodium, as Intal Inhaler Is a anti inflammatory, a Long acting

control of asthma,

Wait 15 minute after use for activity,

or exposure to allergen

Albuterol, is used for exercise induced Asthma Use the Albuterol inhaler first; then

Page 22: Ati Pharmacology

wait about 5 minutes before using the

steroid inhaler., This allows the

Albuterol to open up your airways, so

the steroid can work better.

Antihestimine, as Benadryl Causes sleepiness

PTU, Interacts with Digoxin, May increase glucoside levels

PTU, side effects Hypothyroidism, Weight gain,

Bradycardia, Anorexia, cold

intolerance, hepatic toxicity.,

agranulocytosis is RARE, but cause

sore throat, & fever

Lopid Fibrates, for Cholesterol Test Monitor Baseline Liver function, &

Renal function test

Biphosphonates Boniva, adds calcium to bones for

osteoporosis, Take on empty

stomach., sit upright for 30 minutes

after taking., No food, or calcium

supplements within an hour of taking

medication., Not for patient with

hypocalemia, it can causes cardiac

arrest

Methotrexate, a Rheumatoid Arthiritis Med,

interact with

NSAID, & Sulfonamides, may cause

Toxicity, monitor levels

Rheumatoid Arthiritis, Findings to Report Patient should be tested for

tuberculosis first, and any active

infection, or flu

Rheumatoid Arthiritis Med. Adverse Effects Are at risk for infection, fever, sore

throat, fetal death, hepatic fibrosis,

and should monitor liver function

Ergostat, Medication Treats migraines

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Ergostat, Side Effect are Fetal abortion, GI discomfort, nausea,

vomiting.,

Ergotism, are muscle pain.,

Paresthesias, cold fingers & toes

Byetta, is a Diabetes Mellitus,

They are prefilled injection pen

Which can cause Pancreatitis, and

severe abdominal pain, stop

medication, and notify doctor., It also

causes G I effects., Byetta needs

injected 1 hour prior to meals, NEVER

INJECT AFTER MEAL, store in

refridgarator

Antivirals, medications treat HIV, herpes, Hepatitis B, C, Influenza A

& B,

Slows down viral load, and allows the

T cells levels to stay normal., Alpha

interferons inhibit spread of viruses to

new cells

Rifampin A treatment given to TB patients, it is

taken in conjunction with the other

first line medication, This can cause

ORANGE COLORED URINE, and

permenant discoloration of soft

contact lenses.

Potassium Infusion Give no faster than 10mEq per hour

and, value level 3.5 to 5.0

If there is a medication error Check patients vital signs first

Chemo Drugs, contraindication are Liver, kidney, women pregnant, and

patient that with immunosuppression

Garamycim, is a Antibiotic Protien synthesis Side Effect, hearing loss., Interacts

with milk, calcium, anatcids, and iron

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supplements., take 1 hour before

meals on a empty stomach

Levodopa, a Anti Parkinson's drug It is converted into dopamine in the

brain, which increases intraocular

pressure, and is contraindicated in

closed angle glaucoma

Neurologic Drugs, as Dilantin known as

Phenytoin, interacts with

MAOIs, Coumadin, Oral

contraceptives, CNS depressants, and

grapefruit juice

Blood Pressure Meds, as Demerol, Morphine,

& Fentanyl, adverse effects

Are Respiratory depression, and

hypotension

Caution of Older patients Medications effect older patients liver,

renal, G I, blood

Heparin, Adverse Effects Bruising, petichiae, bleeding, and

Thrombocytopenia, low platelet

Heparin, injections are Given subcutaneous, 2 inches from

the umbilicus, apply pressure for 1 to

2 minutes after injection, Heparin is a

anti clotting substance formed by

tissue cells, especially the liver; a

antiprothrombin

Benadryl, is a Antihistamine H 1 Receptor Side Effects are Sleepiness, and dry

mouth

Bacteria Cell Wall Medications Are injected I M in the buttlock muscle

area, caution with injecting arteries

B12 Deficiency, Signs Are Neuropathy, beefy tongue,

Patients need to adhere to Lab tests,

and blood count levels

B12 Deficiency, Treatment Cyanocobalamin as cobalamin

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injection,

Teach patient to eat green leafy

vegetables

B12 Deficiency, causes Hypokalemia, monitor potassium

levels, also pernicious anemia, gastric

bypass, acid suppression, Crohn's,

tapeworm, and ileum resection

Antilipemic, as Lipitor, and, Zocar Need to take half hour before meals.,

monitor ck levels.,

side effects, are muscle ache, pain in

hands and feet, numbness., avoid

grapefruit juice

Probenecid Treats Chronic Gout, a drug that

reduces the level of uric acid in the

blood

Probenecid, interacts with Aspirin

Malignant Hyperthermia A a hereditary condition of

uncontrolled heat production,

occurring when susceptible persons

receive certain anesthetic drugs.

Malignant Hyperthermia, is treated with Dantrium

antiphychotic drugs, as Haldol, Thorazine,

Side effects

Are Dystonia, spasm, neck spasm

Chemo Drugs, Adverse Effects Are Hair loss, nausea, vomiting,

diarrehea, and low white blood cells

Diuretics, as Lasix, & Osmitrol, Side Effects Are Dehydration, and Hypokalemia,

causes low potassium, monitor

potassium, if below 3.1 notify doctor

Calcium channel Blockers, as Verapamil, Are edema, hypotension, do not drink

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side Effects grapefruit juice

Osmostic Diuretics, as Osmitrol treats Reduces the intracranial pressure of

the eye

Vitamin K is a antidote for Patient, on coumadin, and experience

bleeding

Alzheimers taking Donepezil Side Effect Is dyspnea, causes

bronchconstriction., Nurse should

notify doctor

Librium Medication Prevents delirium tremors

Ketrorolac & Toradol Side Effects Increase risk of bleeding., check for

briusing., Take with food

Betapace Medication Is used to decrease heart rate

Imdur Should be given, if patients blood

pressure is less than 90

Narcan Is taking to prevent hypotension., To

wake up patient

Pilocar Is used to treat glaucoma, the rest of

the patients life