athletics (throwing) questions javelin, shot put, … specific... · heptathlons and decathlons....

Athletics (Throwing) Questions Javelin, Shot Put, Hammer, Discus

Athletics is a sport that contains a number of different disciplines. Some athletes concentrate on one particular discipline while others perfect a number of different skills in order to participate in multi-event competitions such as heptathlons and decathlons. View the clips and complete the following questions so you can get a better understanding of the many throwing disciplines involved in this sport. Quintic Video Files you will use for these questions: 1) Javelin – Side View 2) Shot-FV-2 3) Hammer-BV-Female_1 4) Javelin -1– Front View 5) Javelin-2– Front View 6) Discus Male 7) Discus Female 8) Female-Javelin-1 9) Javelin – High Speed

PLAY AND PAUSE Open the video file ‘Javelin – Side View’ 1) Play the video at all the different speeds.

Imagine you are coaching a javelin thrower. (i) At which speed would you choose to view the

javelin throw if you were assessing the thrower’s run-up speed? Explain your answer.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Athletics Questions (Throwing) 13

(ii) At which speed would you choose to view the javelin throw if you were assessing the detailed movements of the arm during the throw? Explain your answer. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Open the video file ‘Javelin – Side View’ 2) When you view the video frame-by-frame you notice the complexity of the

arm movement throughout the javelin throw. Describe the movement of the arm during the following frames: (i) Frames 20 - 29.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Frames 30 - 39. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) Frames 40 - 49. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(iv) Frames 50 - 59. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(v) Frames 60 - 69. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(vi) Frames 70 - 79. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(vii) Frames 80 - 89. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………


TIMING Open the video ‘Shot-FV-2’ 3) Set your markers at frames 0, 55, 82, 89, 106, 121, 148.

These frames mark significant points during the action and you can use the stopwatch function to find the time differences between these points. Use the options from the red box to complete the table below matching up the frame numbers, description of key frames and time differences.

Frame number

Description Time

Difference

0

55

82

89

106

121

148

Time Differences

• 0.54 • 0.34 • 0.54 • 1.10 • 0.14

• 0.30

Descriptions • Rotated 90º • End of follow through • Release • Start of movement • Rotated 360º • Left arm extended

across body • Rotated by 180º

Frame number

• 0 • 55 • 82 • 89 • 106 • 121 • 148


ANGLES AND SHAPES Open the video file ‘Shot-FV-2’ 4) U se the angle buttons to work out the values of the various angles in each

of these frames. (i) The angle of the athlete’s left elbow in frame 0

……………………………………………………………… (ii) The angle of the athlete’s right knee in frame 100

……………………………………………………………… (iii) The angle of the athlete’s left elbow in frame 110

……………………………………………………………… (iv) The angle of the athlete’s right elbow in frame 130

……………………………………………………………… (v) The angle of the athlete’s left knee in frame 140

……………………………………………………………… (vi) The angle of the athlete’s left elbow in frame 148

………………………………………………………………

Open the video file ‘Hammer-BV-Female-1’ 5) Set the zoom at 1.5

(i) Draw a red horizontal line at the top of the athlete’s shoulders in frame 190.

(ii) Watch the clip in slow *8 and describe the movement of the hammer around the line, as the athlete rotates.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

SYNCHRONISATION Open the video file Javelin -2– Front View’ in the Main window Open the video file ‘Javelin -1– Front View’ in the Best window

6) Scroll the video in the main window to frame 140. Scroll the video in the best window to frame 118.

Synchronise the videos at this point.


(i) What distinctive point during the action do these frames represent? ………………………………………………………………

(ii) Watch the action through frame by frame. Name the differences in the action of the two throwers at each of the following frames in the main window. In your answers, refer to the body position of the thrower, timing of the action and the position of the javelin: Frame 126 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Frame 129 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Frame 141 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Frame 150 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Frame 158 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) Which of these two throws do you think sent the javelin furthest? Explain your answer. ……………………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………….


BLEND Open the video file ‘Discus male’

7) Scroll to frame 67. Under the tag ‘Blend’ press the button ‘Set

background’. Use the shapes and stopwatch functions to answer the following questions True or False. (i) At frame 80, the athlete has bent his knees more than in frame 67.

TRUE / FALSE (ii) The athlete rotates to his right in order to throw the discus.

TRUE / FALSE (iii) In frame 90, the discus has rotated 360° since frame 67.

TRUE / FALSE (iv) In frame 100, the thrower has travelled 1 complete circle since

frame 67 TRUE / FALSE

(v) The athlete’s head is higher at the point of release than in frame 67. TRUE / FALSE

(vi) The athlete completes 1.5 rotations between frame 67 and 100. TRUE / FALSE

OVERLAY

Open the video ‘Discus Male’ in the Main window Open the video ‘Discus Female’ in the Best window 8) Set the zoom for both videos at 1.5.

(i) Scroll the video in the Main window to frame 102. (ii) Scroll the video in the Best window to frame 43. (iii) Synchronise the videos and press the ‘Set Overlay’ button under the

Blend tab in the Main window. (iv) Watch the throwers throughout their actions frame-by-frame. (v) As you can see, these two throwers have a very similar throwing

action. Are there ANY differences you notice throughout the action? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………


(vi) Using these images as a guide, write a description of discus throwing technique stage-by-stage. Write the description under the following sections. Frames 60-69; ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Frames 70-79; ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Frames 80-89; ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Frames 90-99; ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Frames 100-109; ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Frames 110-119; ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………


PHOTO SEQUENCE Open the video file ‘Female-Javelin-1’ 9)

(i) Create an 8 frame ‘Multiple Screen Image Capture’ showing the angle of the javelin thrower’s right arm and a yellow line representing the javelin. Include a text box in the top right hand corner stating the value of the measured angle. Each frame should look similar to the example below.

(ii) Save this as a JPEG. (iii) Open this JPEG in Microsoft Word and give it an appropriate title,

including your name. (iv) Ask your teacher if you may print this document.

DIGITISATION – (Quintic Coaching & Biomechanics only) Open the video file ‘Javelin – High Speed’ 10) A digitisation template has already been completed for this video, which

tracks the right hand side of the athlete. (i) Start a new trace. (ii) Load the digitisation template Javelin - 6 pt from the throws

video file. (iii) Complete the digitisation trace for frames 6-94. (v) Save the trace. (vi) Which buttons are used in combination to create the following

pictures? (Hint: Take note of the frame number in the bottom right hand corner of each animation)


a) b)

c) d)

11) The video was calibrated by knowing that the javelin was 2.5 metres in length.

(i) What is the purpose of calibration?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………


(ii) Use the ruler function to find the lengths of the following body segments (body segments are measured from joint to joint - i.e. shoulder to elbow for the upper arm)

Body Segment Length

Thigh Lower leg Forearm

Foot Upper arm

12) Open the analysis window.

Fill in the tables with the correct number of stars to produce the following graphs. Choose 1 star, 2 stars or 0 stars for each box:

a) Horizontal acceleration of all points without exact values

displayed. Acceleration of the right elbow with exact values displayed. Velocity of the right wrist without exact values displayed.

b) Vertical distance of all points without exact values displayed. Horizontal acceleration of all points with exact values displayed. Distance of the right ankle without exact values displayed.


c) Velocity of the right knee and right hip with exact values displayed. Vertical distance of all points without exact values displayed. Horizontal acceleration of the right wrist without exact values displayed.

d) Vertical distance of all points with exact values displayed. Horizontal acceleration of the right shoulder without exact values

displayed. Vertical velocity of the right shoulder without exact values

displayed.


13) At frame 66 what are the values of: (i) Horizontal distance of the ankle? ……………………………………………………………….. (ii) Vertical velocity of the hip?

……………………………………………………………….. (iii) Vertical acceleration of the knee?

……………………………………………………………….. (iv) Horizontal distance of the elbow?

……………………………………………………………….. (v) Acceleration of the wrist?

……………………………………………………………….. 14) Find the MAXIMUM values throughout the digitisation of:

(i) Horizontal velocity of the shoulder? ……………………………………………………………….. (ii) Distance of the wrist? ……………………………………………………………….. (iii) Velocity of the ankle? ……………………………………………………………….. (iv) Vertical acceleration of the knee? ……………………………………………………………….. (v) Horizontal distance of the hip? ………………………………………………………………..

15) At the frame of release, what are the values of:

(i) Velocity of the ankle? ……………………………………………………………….. (ii) Velocity of the knee? ……………………………………………………………….. (iii) Velocity of the hip? ……………………………………………………………….. (iv) Velocity of the shoulder? ……………………………………………………………….. (v) Velocity of the elbow? ……………………………………………………………….. (vi) Velocity of the wrist?

……………………………………………………………….. (vi) Which of these velocities would be closest to the values for velocity

of the javelin at release? Explain your answer. ……………………………………………………….……………………………………………………….……………………………………………………….………………………


16) Look at the graphs and data that have been produced by the digitisation that you have just completed. Use your experience and sports science background to suggest interventions and training methods to improve the athletic performance of the thrower.

"Being able to synchronise different throws, current and best, proved invaluable in preparation for the games in Sydney 2000 &Athens 2004.

I can compare the timing of current training throws with

my best 90m efforts from previous years. By synchronising current and best throws at release I can rewind in slow motion

and analyse the differences.Best wishes.”

Steve Backley

Quintic would like to thank UK Athletics for supplying the video footage. All video footage was captured and edited using Quintic Biomechanics

9.03v9 by Quintic Consultancy Ltd.

www.UKAthletics.net


http://www.ukathletics.net/

athletics (throwing) questions javelin, shot put, … specific... · heptathlons and decathlons....

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