Assessment Tools

Assessment Tools

Assessment ToolsObjective TestEssay Test

Assessment tools of teacher made test are divided into (1) Objective Test and (2) Essay Test.

Objective TestRecall TypeSimple RecallCompletionRecognition TypeAlternative ResponseMultiple-ChoiceMatching TypeRearrangementAnalogyIdentification

OBJECTIVE TEST is ANY TEST HAVING CLEAR AND UNAMBIGIOUS SCORING CRITERIA or TEST THAT CAN BE OBJECTIVELY SCORED.

Recall Type - is a test of memory in which participants are presented with stimuli and then, after a delay, are asked to remember as many of the stimuli as possible.

Simple Recall - easiest to construct; item appears as a direct question, sentence, word or phrase, or even a specific direction; applicable in math and natural sciences - biology, chemistry and physics.

Completion Test - Fill in the blanks

Alternative Response

Simple Recall

items must be worded that the response is brief as possible for facilitation of scoring.direct question is preferable.blanks must be or preferably in the right column.question must be worded that it has one response.minimum use of textbook language in qording a question

Item question must be short and concise.Question must be in statement form.Blanks preferably placed on the right as practicedQuestion must be concise that it has one response. If any case that it has multiple responses this should be identified and included in the scoring keyUnfamiliar phrasing reduces possibility of correct responses

Completion Testgive a reasonable basisavoid giving unwarranted clues to desired responsearrange the test

Avoid indefinite statements. e.g. Rizal was born in ________ (place or time???).See list in book.See list in book.

Alternative Response (TorF)test must be arranged in groupresponses must be as simple as possibleavoid using similar wordings or phrases from the book (ROTE Memory)language at the level of the examineespecific determiners should be avoided

Definition - this is a type of test that consist of a series of items that admits one correct response from 2-3 constant options; commonly used in classroom testingagain to facilitate scoringdirections must be simpleavoid using similar wordings or phrases from the book to avoid or minimize ROTE MEMORY - memorization through repetition onlyflowery statements should be avoided; language must be in level with the studentsthis could indicate the answer indirectlysome determiners would give the students confusion

Alternative Response (TorF)some determiners should be also avoided as they indicate indirect suggestion qualitative terms should be avoidedstatements which are partly right or wrong mus be avoidedmust strongly represent true or falseavoid ambigous and double negaetive statements

some determiners would give the students confusionqualitative are vague and indefiniteagain confusionstatements must be either true or falseagain it may cause confusion

Multiple Choice Test/Questions MCT/Quse unfamiliar phrasingall options must be plausiblegrammatically consistentavoid articles a or anfour or more items minimize guessingcorrect answer in all items must be randomly arrangeduniform number of choices

Definition - test made up of items consisting of 3 or more plausible options for each item; choices are multiple so that the examinees may choose only one correct answer or best option; regarded as one of the best test forms in testing outcomes ; most valuable and widely used in standardized test due to its flexibility and objectivity in terms of scoring.

this is to test comprehension of the studentsplausible = superficially fair, reasonable, apparently valid; this is to determine high intellect students; this students can determine distractors and incorrectstem is singular the option is also singularArticles could give clue or confusionself explanatoryrandomly arranged items does not give of a pattern that can easily be determinedself explanatory

Multiple Choice Test/Questions MCT/Qcorrect option is the same length with other wrong optionshomogeneity of the optionssimplest method of indicating a response

self explanatory; to give distraction or difficulty and mask the correct itemschoices must not be apart from each otherchoices to indicate response must be simple

Multiple Choice Test/Questions MCT/Q - KindsStem-and-options varietySettings-and-options varietyGroup-term varietyStructured-response varietyContained-options variety

self explanatory; to give distraction or difficulty and mask the correct itemschoices must not be apart from each otherchoices to indicate response must be simple

Multiple Choice Question Parts

Matching TypeHeterogeneous vs HomogeneousUnbalanced is preferableGrammatically consistentAll options must be plausibleColumn PlacementAlphabetical and ChronologicalOne correct response each itemEach item must have a pair in the option columnMinimum item is 5-10 max of 15All items must be in one page

Definition - consist of two columns in which pairing relationship of two thing is strictly observed.

2 Kinds:BalancedUnbalanced

Suggestions:No combinations; if dates then all options must be datesMore options to minimize guessing factorTo avoid confusionoptions must be related to increase difficulty and minimize patternFor facilitation of scoringto facilitate selection of correct answerto avoid confusionto be validfor facilitation of scoringfor student and

Rearrangement Typeconsist of multiple-option item where it requires a chronological, logical or rank order.

Analogytype of test made up of items consisting of a pair of words related to each other

PurposeCause and EffectPart-WholePart-PartAction to ObjectObject to ActionSynonymAntonymPlaceDegreeCharacteristicsSequenceGrammaticalNumericalAssociation

Suggestions:Relationship of the first pair is equal to the secondDistractors must be plausible = logicalOptions in parallel languageGrammatically consistent4 or more = minimize guessingHomogenous

Identification Typetype of test that require the examinees to identify what is being defined

AdvantagesEasy to correct or scoreEliminate subjectivityAdequate SamplingObjectivity in ScoringEliminates bluffingNorms can be establishedSaves time and energy in answering questions

ExplanatoryResponses are short and exact. Connected to 1More items = ^ in validity and reliabilityConnected in #2This is evident in essay test. Giving random thoughts.Norms can be established. Related to Item Analysis, Reliability and Validity And Measures of ExamExaminees comfort also

DisadvantagesDifficult to constructEncourages cheating and guessingExpensiveEncourages rote memorizationTime consuming

Essay TestAssessment tool in which it consist of specific question or problem.Answerable in one or more sentencesIdeal to measure students critical thinking, ability to think and expression of ideas within a certain period of time

Types of Essay TestSelection RecallEvaluating RecallComparison of Two Things (Specific)Comparison of Two Things (General)Decision (For or Against)Cause or EffectExplanation of the use of Exact MeaningSummary of a Test or Article ReadAnalysisStatement of RelationshipIllustrations and Examples of Principles in ScienceClassifficationApplication of Rules or Principles to New SituationsDiscussionStatement of AimCriticismOutlineReorganization of FactsFormulation of New Questions and Problems RaiseNew Method or Procedure

AdvantagesEasy to constructEconomicalMinimize guessingTrains the core of organizing ideasDevelops Critical ThinkingMinimize CheatingSaves time and energy (Teacher)Minimize rote memoryDevelops good study habitsDevelops students ability to express their own idea

ExplanatoryExplanatoryExplanatoryExplanatoryCritical Thinking = logical analysis, comparisonEvaluated according to contentExplanatoryExplanatoryExplanatoryExplanatory

DisadvantagesLow Validity and ReliabilityLow PracticabilityEncourages BluffingDifficult to Correct or scoreDisadvantage to Students with poor penmanship